| 1. |
- Andersen, Peter M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic decisions in ALS patients : cross-cultural differences and clinical implications
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 265:7, s. 1600-1606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Quantitative analysis of decision-making on therapeutic options in different sociocultural context in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Methods: ALS patients (n = 244) were consecutively recruited in Germany (n = 83), Poland (n = 83), and Sweden (n = 78) in a prospective cross-cultural study (www.NEEDSinALS.com). They were interviewed on preferences for therapeutic techniques including invasive (IV) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV), as well as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and on hypothetical termination of these using quantitative questions. Using standardized questionnaires, religiousness, personal values, quality of life, and depressiveness were assessed.Results: NIV was most frequently used in Germany and PEG in Sweden. Swedish patients were most liberal on initiation and termination of PEG, NIV and IV. Polish patients were mostly undecided and were least likely to consider discontinuing supportive management. Current use was partly associated with age, gender and state of physical function; also, financial support explained some variance. Future preferences on therapeutic options from the patient’s perspective were also closely associated with cultural factors. The more oriented towards traditional and conservative values, the less likely patients were to decide for invasive therapeutic devices (IV, PEG), the least likely to have ideations to discontinue any device and the more likely to have an undecided attitude.Conclusions: Current use of therapeutic options is determined by medical condition in analogy to clinical guidelines. For future considerations, other factors such as cultural background are crucial, yielding hurdles to be regarded in the implementation of advanced directives in a multicultural environment.
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| 2. |
- Benatar, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and efficacy of arimoclomol in patients with early amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ORARIALS-01) : a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : Elsevier. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 23:7, s. 687-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Arimoclomol, a heat-shock protein-70 (HSP70) co-inducer, is neuroprotective in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with multiple mechanisms of action, including clearance of protein aggregates, a pathological hallmark of sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of arimoclomol in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Methods: ORARIALS-01 was a multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial done at 29 centres in 12 countries in Europe and North America. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older and met El Escorial criteria for clinically possible, probable, probable laboratory-supported, definite, or familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; had an ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised score of 35 or more; and had slow vital capacity at 70% or more of the value predicted on the basis of the participant's age, height, and sex. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) in blocks of 6, stratified by use of a stable dose of riluzole or no riluzole use, to receive oral arimoclomol citrate 1200 mg/day (400 mg three times per day) or placebo. The Randomisation sequence was computer generated centrally. Investigators, study personnel, and study participants were masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was the Combined Assessment of Function and Survival (CAFS) rank score over 76 weeks of treatment. The primary outcome and safety were analysed in the modified intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03491462, and is completed.Findings: Between July 31, 2018, and July 17, 2019, 287 patients were screened, 245 of whom were enrolled in the trial and randomly assigned. The modified intention-to-treat population comprised 239 patients (160 in the arimoclomol group and 79 in the placebo group): 151 (63%) were male and 88 (37%) were female; mean age was 57·6 years (SD 10·9). CAFS score over 76 weeks did not differ between groups (mean 0·51 [SD 0·29] in the arimoclomol group vs 0·49 [0·28] in the placebo group; p=0·62). Cliff's delta comparing the two groups was 0·039 (95% CI –0·116 to 0·194). Proportions of participants who died were similar between the treatment groups: 29 (18%) of 160 patients in the arimoclomol group and 18 (23%) of 79 patients in the placebo group. Most deaths were due to disease progression. The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal. Adverse events were more often deemed treatment-related in the arimoclomol group (104 [65%]) than in the placebo group (41 [52%]) and more often led to treatment discontinuation in the arimoclomol group (26 [16%]) than in the placebo group (four [5%]).Interpretation: Arimoclomol did not improve efficacy outcomes compared with placebo. Although available biomarker data are insufficient to preclude future strategies that target the HSP response, safety data suggest that a higher dose of arimoclomol would not have been tolerated.Funding: Orphazyme.
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| 3. |
- Bolmsvik, Åsa, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Vibration Distribution Due to Continous, Intermittent or Half Embedded Elastomer Connections in Wooden Constructions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceeding of the 2016 World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE), August 22-25, 2016 Vienna. - Vienna : TU-MV Media Verlag. - 9783903039001 - 9783903024359 ; , s. 2912-2920
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elastomers are commonly used to decrease the sound transmission between apartments in timber framed houses. In previous studies, different types of elastomers have been evaluated experimentally. The wooden assemblies, in which elastomers were used in the connections, showed that elastomers cause the vibrations to increase in the direction perpendicular to the applied load within the low frequency span.In this study, the effects on acceleration, depending on how the elastomers are placed are studied. The cases having the elastomer continuous, placed as intermittent pieces or positioned half embedded in the junctions are evaluated.The frequency dependent properties of the elastomers are needed in order to model the dynamic behaviour and thereby be able to predict sound- and vibration transmission in wooden houses. Here, the properties of a wooden construction having different elastomers connections are studied to enable simulations of the behaviour of the elastomers in a FE model in the future.
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| 4. |
- Mårtensson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Sensory and chemical evaluations as a valuable tool for producers retailers, and consumers : The experience of white wine, sparkling white wine and black caviar produced in Sweden
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Introduction The production of Swedish high-quality foods and beverages is an increasing area, not least wine production has increased in step with climate change. Furthermore, production of caviar has expanded to include Black Caviar. An ongoing project focuses on optimizing high-quality, complex, and sustainable Swedish foods and beverages, individually and in combinations, with cases of white wine, sparkling wine, and Black Caviar. Sensory aspects play major roles in what we choose to eat and drink. Research on the perception of products individually and in combinations have shown that combination of foods and drinks can be optimized in relation to the taste experience and thus create successful and attractive combinations. The project is multidisciplinary and focuses on 1. perceived sensory qualities including chemical understanding, 2: attitudes, preferences, and liking, 3. sustainability aspects, and 4. national and international market aspects. Objective The overall aim is to optimize the sensory experience of white wine and sparkling white wine in combination with caviar. Market research will add to sensory methods by investigating implications of key factors for high-quality products. Methods and design The sensory analysis is performed with a panel who are trained to perform a quantitative descriptive analysis, which is an analytical sensory method for developing sensory profiles of products in a non-subjective way. The chemical evaluation is based on HS-SPME (Headspace Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction) technology for the collection of volatile substances from the wine and the caviar respectively. The sampling is followed by chemical analysis with GCMS (Gas-Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry) for identification and quantification of individual volatiles. The sensory and chemical analysis will first be executed of wines and caviar separately, and in the second step in combination. The final third step using Gas Chromatography – Olfactometry (GC-O). This a method that integrates the separation of volatile compounds using a gas chromatograph with the detection of odor using trained members from the sensory panel mentioned above. The olfactometric detection of compounds allows the assessment of the relationship between a quantified substance and the human perception of its odor. In some cases, the perception of the odor can be so intense even for a compound in a very low concentration. Results Preliminary results show the differences in sensory characters of wine and sparkling wine analysed at different temperatures. Also, characters of Black Caviar produced using different temperatures show great differences. The results are critical for the combinations of wine and caviar. These results will be connected to market aspects, sustainability aspects and further to analysis of volatile compounds from the wine and caviar, as well as texture properties of the caviar. Conclusions The project takes a comprehensive scientific approach to factors that are decisive for the development of wine and caviar of high standard and quality. This will also benefit the appeal of the products from the consumer's point of view, which in the long run will benefit the retail of Swedish wine and Black Caviar.
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| 5. |
- Stenberg, Filippa, et al.
(författare)
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Protein complexes of the Escherichia coli cell envelope
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 280:41, s. 34409-34419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein complexes are an intrinsic aspect of life in the membrane. Knowing which proteins are assembled in these complexes is therefore essential to understanding protein function(s). Unfortunately, recent high throughput protein interaction studies have failed to deliver any significant information on proteins embedded in the membrane, and many membrane protein complexes remain ill defined. In this study, we have optimized the blue native-PAGE technique for the study of membrane protein complexes in the inner and outer membranes of Escherichia coli. In combination with second dimension SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry, we have been able to identify 43 distinct protein complexes. In addition to a number of well characterized complexes, we have identified known and orphan proteins in novel oligomeric states. For two orphan proteins, YhcB and YjdB, our findings enable a tentative functional assignment. We propose that YhcB is a hitherto unidentified additional subunit of the cytochrome bd oxidase and that YjdB, which co-localizes with the ZipA protein, is involved in cell division. Our reference two-dimensional blue native-SDS-polyacrylamide gels will facilitate future studies of the assembly and composition of E. coli membrane protein complexes during different growth conditions and in different mutant backgrounds.
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| 6. |
- Wendin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a best woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca)? : a consumer survey of preferred sensory properties and cultivation characteristics of woodland strawberries
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Resistant varieties are important to combat agricultural pathogens and pests in strawberry and other crops. Consequently, plant breeders aim to develop crop varieties with higher resistance in order to increase sustainability. However, plant resistance may affect quality, e.g. sensory properties of the fruits, and thereby consumer acceptance. The development of new varieties may also affect consumer attitudes.The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers’ preferences and attitudes regarding woodland strawberry.MethodsConsumer data from a total number of 176 (78% women and 22% men, >18 years) Swedish respondents were collected via a web based survey during two weeks in September 2017. Data were processed using descriptive and analytical statistics.ResultsThe most preferred fruits have a significant flavor of woodland strawberry and are high in sweetness. Further, “naturalness” and “free from pesticides” were of importance to the respondents. Women were significantly more concerned of “naturalness”, especially the older women. The younger claimed that “organic production” was more important.The older consumers were significantly more interested in “healthiness” than the younger, they also found it significantly more important than the younger that strawberries could resist grey mould and pest insects.All the respondents preferred to eat strawberries fresh.DiscussionIn line with earlier studies, taste and flavor are the most preferred properties for consumers. In woodland strawberry, the compound methyl anthranilate is responsible for the characteristic flavor of the fruit, together with sweetness from saccharides. However, also in accordance with earlier studies, factors such as naturalness, healthiness and organic production are of greatest importance to the consumer. Though it was also apparent that different consumer groups prioritized different factors. However, common for all respondents was a strong preference to eat strawberries fresh!
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| 7. |
- Wendin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a best woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca)? : a consumer survey of preferred sensory properties and cultivation characteristics of woodland strawberries
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science. - 1878-450X .- 1878-4518. ; July
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to guide strawberry breeders, consumers' preferences and attitudes regarding fruit traits and cultivation practices were investigated. Differences and similarities between consumers of different age and gender were also explored. Consumer data from a total of 176 Swedish respondents showed that the most important factors influencing the consumers' preferences were the characteristic flavour of the woodland strawberry, the sweetness and the naturalness. Regarding visual appearance, it was shown that colour intensity, roundness and seed density could explain why the consumers' preferences for the fruits varied. These results may guide the breeding of new strawberry cultivars in the future.
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| 8. |
- Wendin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a best woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca)? : a consumer survey of preferred sensory properties and cultivation characteristics of woodland strawberries
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-450X .- 1878-4518. ; July
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to guide strawberry breeders, consumers' preferences and attitudes regarding fruit traits and cultivation practices were investigated. Differences and similarities between consumers of different age and gender were also explored. Consumer data from a total of 176 Swedish respondents showed that the most important factors influencing the consumers' preferences were the characteristic flavour of the woodland strawberry, the sweetness and the naturalness. Regarding visual appearance, it was shown that colour intensity, roundness and seed density could explain why the consumers' preferences for the fruits varied. These results may guide the breeding of new strawberry cultivars in the future.
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| 9. |
- Wendin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a best woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca)? : a consumer survey of preferred sensory properties and cultivation characteristics of woodland strawberries
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Resistant varieties are important to combat agricultural pathogens and pests in strawberry and other crops. Consequently, plant breeders aim to develop crop varieties with higher resistance in order to increase sustainability. However, plant resistance may affect quality, e.g. sensory properties of the fruits, and thereby consumer acceptance. The development of new varieties may also affect consumer attitudes. The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers’ preferences and attitudes regarding woodland strawberry. Methods Consumer data from a total number of 176 (78% women and 22% men, >18 years) Swedish respondents were collected via a web based survey during two weeks in September 2017. Data were processed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results The most preferred fruits have a significant flavor of woodland strawberry and are high in sweetness. Further, “naturalness” and “free from pesticides” were of importance to the respondents. Women were significantly moreconcerned of “naturalness”, especially the older women. The younger claimed that “organic production” was more important. The older consumers were significantly more interested in “healthiness” than the younger, they also found it significantly more important than the younger that strawberries could resist grey mould and pest insects. All the respondents preferred to eat strawberries fresh. Discussion In line with earlier studies, taste and flavor are the most preferred properties for consumers. In woodland strawberry, the compound methyl anthranilate is responsible for the characteristic flavor of the fruit, together with sweetness from saccharides. However, also in accordance with earlier studies, factors such as naturalness, healthiness and organic production are of greatest importance to the consumer. Though it was also apparent that different consumer groups prioritized different factors. However, common for all respondents was a strong preference to eat strawberries fresh!
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| 10. |
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