| 1. |
- Aguilar, Ximena, et al.
(författare)
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Myofibroblasts in the normal conjunctival surface.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta ophthalmologica. - : Wiley. - 1755-3768 .- 1755-375X. ; 88:4, s. 407-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate the occurrence of myofibroblasts (MFBs) in the normal conjunctival surface and to evaluate any anatomical and time-related variations. METHODS: MFBs were screened among healthy individuals (35 eyes) by collecting impression cytology (IC) samples from the bulbar conjunctiva. A cohort of volunteers (12 eyes) was followed for 1 year by taking two to five imprints every month. MFBs were identified by immunohistochemical localization of the MFB marker alpha-smooth-muscle actin (alpha-SMA). RESULTS: Using a filter imprint technique, MFBs were found consistently in 94% of samples from the conjunctival surface of participating individuals. The overall MFB levels, expressed as percentage of all cells on the filter, were highest in March-May [mean 4.1%, standard deviation (SD) +/- 1.5] and lowest in December-February (mean 1.2%, SD +/- 0.5). The difference was statistically significant [p < 0.0005, Friedman test, one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (anova)]. Moreover, there was a clear divergence of MFB density between the nasal, temporal, superior and inferior bulbar conjunctiva (mean 1.7%, 1.9%, 22% and 9.7%, respectively). CONCLUSION: MFBs, known as a cellular constituent of granulation tissue in wound healing, occur in the normal conjunctival surface, which is a novel finding. Our results also show that MFB level follows a seasonal variation pattern in a temperate climate, increasing in April-September and decreasing in October-March. This variation might reflect a degree of a transient or ongoing state of tissue repair after conjunctival trauma or stress caused by exposure to environmental factors.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersson Grönlund, Marita, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Acupuncture treatment in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca : a pilot study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 82:3 Pt 1, s. 283-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the effects of acupuncture in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS).MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients (20 women, five men) with KCS were randomly assigned to an acupuncture treatment group or a control group. The effects of acupuncture were evaluated by a questionnaire on symptoms, visual analogue scale recordings, registration of drop frequency, and dry eye tests. Ten acupuncture sessions were given. Follow-up was carried out after 2-3 weeks and again after a mean period of 8 months.RESULTS: Patients receiving acupuncture felt better at the first follow-up compared with the control group (p = 0.036). However, no statistical significance could be found concerning any change, or difference, in the total number of subjective symptoms, dosage frequency or, as indicated by the dry eye tests, tear quality, tear secretion and ocular surface disease.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that acupuncture has subjective beneficial effects in patients with KCS and could therefore be tried as a complement to ordinary treatment.
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| 4. |
- Artzén, Ditte, et al.
(författare)
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Capsule complication during cataract surgery: Case-control study of preoperative and intraoperative risk factors: Swedish Capsule Rupture Study Group report 2.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0886-3350 .- 1873-4502. ; 35:10, s. 1688-1693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract PURPOSE: To identify preoperative and intraoperative factors associated with a capsule complication; that is, a capsule tear or a zonular dehiscence during cataract surgery. SETTING: Ten ophthalmic surgery departments in Sweden. METHODS: A retrospective review of files of patients with a capsule complication and control patients with no complication operated on in 2003 was performed. RESULTS: The review comprised 324 patients with a capsule complication and 331 control patients. In the logistic regression analyses, preoperative conditions associated with a capsule complication were previous trauma, white and brunescent/hard cataract, and phacodonesis. The intraoperative factors of loose zonules, the use of trypan blue, and miosis were all statistically significantly overrepresented in the capsule complication group. The same was true for eyes operated on by surgeons with the least experience. CONCLUSIONS: By preoperatively identifying cataract cases with the identified risk factors and allocating them to surgeons with the longest experience, the number of capsule complications could be kept low. Operating early in the course of the disease to prevent the cataract from becoming a poor surgical risk and improving training of junior surgeons should further reduce the frequency of capsule complications.
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| 5. |
- Behndig, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Aiming for emmetropia after cataract surgery: Swedish National Cataract Register study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1873-4502 .- 0886-3350. ; 38:7, s. 1181-1186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To assess and analyze refractive outcome after cataract surgery in Sweden from 2008 though 2010. SETTING: Swedish cataract surgery units participating in outcome registration of National Cataract Register. DESIGN: Cohort study. METHODS: Planned and actual postoperative refractions were analyzed for cataract procedures and preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism for procedures performed in 2008 though 2010. Induced astigmatism was calculated with Naeser and Behrens polar coordinates. RESULTS: Postoperative refraction was analyzed for 17 056 procedures and corneal astigmatism for 7448 procedures. Emmetropia was targeted in 78.1% of eyes and achieved in 52.7%; 43.0% had less than 1.00 diopter (D) of astigmatism. "Reading myopia" of -3.5 to -1.6 D was targeted in 7.0% of eyes and achieved in 7.8%. Planned hyperopia greater than 1.0 D or myopia greater than -3.5 D was rare. The mean absolute biometry prediction error was 0.402 D +/- 0.338 (SD) in all eyes; however, astigmatic eyes and eyes planned for myopia or hyperopia had higher biometry prediction errors. Younger patients were more often astigmatic and planned for a more myopic outcome. Preoperatively, one third of eyes had more than 1.0 D of corneal astigmatism; postoperatively this figure was largely unaltered. The mean induced astigmatism was 0.525 +/- 0.804 D in all eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Emmetropia (spherical equivalent -0.5 to + 0.5 D and <1.0 D astigmatism) is the goal in most cataract cases but was reached in only 55% of eyes planned for emmetropia. Factors precluding emmetropia included remaining corneal astigmatism and biometry prediction errors in astigmatic and ametropic eyes.
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| 6. |
- Behndig, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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One million cataract surgeries : Swedish National Cataract Register 1992-2009
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. - Fairfax,Va. : American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. - 0886-3350 .- 1873-4502. ; 37:8, s. 1539-1545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review summarizes data collected by the Swedish National Cataract Register, which now contains data pertaining to more than a million cataract surgery procedures, representing 95.6% of the surgeries performed in Sweden during 1992-2009. During this period, the rate of cataract surgery rose from 4.47 to 9.00 per 1000 inhabitants. The mean patient age increased until 1999 but has slowly decreased since then. Preoperative visual acuity has risen steadily. The distribution between the sexes was stable until 2000, after which the proportion of women slowly decreased. Registration of subjective benefit has brought new knowledge regarding indications and expectations. An improved questionnaire, Catquest-9SF has been used since 2008. The outcome register generally shows good results from the surgery. Endophthalmitis has decreased from 0.10% to below 0.040%.
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| 7. |
- Blomqvist, Photjanee, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic AMP Concentrations in Rat Neocortex and Hippocampus During and Following Incomplete Ischemia : Effects of Central Noradrenergic Neurons, Prostaglandins, and Adenosine
- 1985
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0022-3042 .- 1471-4159. ; 44:5, s. 1345-1353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: The concentrations of cyclic AMP, noradrenaline, glycogen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, labile phosphate compounds, and free fatty acids were investigated in the rat neocortex and hippocampus during and following cerebral ischemia. An incomplete ischemia of 5 and 15 min duration was induced by bilateral carotid clamping combined with hypotension. The postischemic events were studied after 5, 15, and 60 min of recirculation. Five minutes of ischemia did not significantly alter the neocortical or hippocampal concentrations of cyclic AMP. After 15 min of ischemia the neocortical levels decreased significantly below control values. In the recirculation period following ischemia a significant elevation of the cyclic AMP concentrations was observed. Following 5 min of recirculation after 5 min of ischemia the levels increased from 2.53 ± 0.21 nmol ± g−1 to 5.18 ± 0.09 nmol ± g−1 in the neocortex and from 2.14 ± 0.16 nmol ± g−1 to 3.52 ± 0.35 nmol ± g−1 in the hippocampus. Five minutes of recirculation following 15 min of ischemia led to a significant increase in the levels of cyclic AMP, to 12.86 ± 1.43 nmol ± g−1 in the neocortex to 5.58 ± 0.57 nmol ± g−1 in the hippocampus. With longer recirculation periods the cyclic AMP levels progressively decreased and were similar to control values after 60 min. Depletion of cortical noradrenaline by at least 95% was performed by injections of 6‐hydroxydopamine into the ascending axon bundles from the locus ceruleus. The lesion did not significantly change the ischemic or postischemic neocortical and hippocampal levels of cyclic AMP, glycogen, or free fatty acids including arachidonic acid. Treatment of the animals with theophyllamine (23, 46, and 92 mg ± kg−1) or indomethacin (10 mg ± kg−1) did not affect the postischemic levels of cyclic AMP. It is concluded that central noradrenergic neurons, prostaglandins, and adenosine are not of major importance for the observed postischemic elevations of cyclic AMP and that the changes in the concentrations of free fatty acids measured during and following ischemia are not mediated by noradrenergic neurons.
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| 8. |
- Bro, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Two point four million cataract surgeries : 30 years with the Swedish National Cataract Register, 1992-2021
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0886-3350 .- 1873-4502. ; 49:8, s. 879-884
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present review summarizes data collected by the Swedish National Cataract Register (NCR), which by the end of 2021 contained data for more than 2.4 million cataract surgeries between 1992 and 2021. During these 30 years, the cataract surgery rate rose from 3700 to 12 800. The coverage of NCR is very high including 93% of all cataract procedures in Sweden between 2010 and 2021. Independently of demographic changes, the proportion of operations of patients age 60 to 79 has increased while the proportion of 80 to 90+ has decreased. The median visual acuity of the first eye planned for surgery was 0.1 decimal in 1992 and has increased to 0.5 decimal in 2021. Patient-reported outcome measures have been registered with the Catquest-9SF questionnaire since 2008, demonstrating intervention at an earlier stage, but consistently favorable outcomes. Surgical complications have decreased; endophthalmitis has decreased from 0.10% to below 0.02%, and posterior capsule rupture from 2.8% to 0.6%.
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| 9. |
- Bro, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Two point four million cataract surgeries: 30 years with the Swedish National Cataract Register, 1992-2021
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1873-4502 .- 0886-3350. ; 49:8, s. 879-884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present review summarizes data collected by the Swedish National Cataract Register (NCR), which by the end of 2021 contained data for more than 2.4 million cataract surgeries between 1992 and 2021. During these 30 years, the cataract surgery rate rose from 3700 to 12800. The coverage of NCR is very high including 93% of all cataract procedures in Sweden between 2010 and 2021. Independently of demographic changes, the proportion of operations of patients age 60 to 79 has increased while the proportion of 80 to 90+ has decreased. The median visual acuity of the first eye planned for surgery was 0.1 decimal in 1992 and has increased to 0.5 decimal in 2021. Patient-reported outcome measures have been registered with the Catquest-9SF questionnaire since 2008, demonstrating intervention at an earlier stage, but consistently favorable outcomes. Surgical complications have decreased; endophthalmitis has decreased from 0.10% to below 0.02%, and posterior capsule rupture from 2.8% to 0.6%.
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| 10. |
- Byström, Berit, 1964-
(författare)
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Laminins and alpha11 integrin in the human eye : importance in development and disease
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The extracellular matrix (ECM) offers a protective shelter for cells and provides signaling paths important for cell to cell communication. ECM consists of basement membranes (BM) and interstitial matrix. BMs provide mechanical support for parenchymal cells, influence cell proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation. They are also important for tissue integrity. Laminins (LM) are the major non-collagenous component of BMs. Cell-ECM interactions, mediated by receptors, are indispensable during embryonic development, wound healing, remodeling and homeostasis of tissues. The integrins are the major cell-adhesion receptors. The expression of alpha11 integrin chain in the cornea is of great interest, as it is part of the alpha11beta1 integrin receptor for collagen type I, the predominant component of the corneal stroma.The aims were to thoroughly characterize the ECM in the developing and adult human eye, with particular focus on the cornea, LM and alpha11 integrin chains, and to examine alpha11 integrin chain in an animal model of corneal wound healing and remodeling. Human fetal eyes, 9-20 weeks of gestation (wg), and adult human corneas with different diagnosis were treated for immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies against LM and alpha11 integrin chains. Normal and knockout (ko) mice were treated with laser surgery to create a deep wound in the corneal stroma. The wound healing process was followed at different time points. The cellular source of alpha11 integrin chain was studied in cell cultures.In the fetal eyes, the BM of the corneal epithelium, the Descemet’s membrane (DM) and the Bruch’s membrane each had their specific combinations of LM chains and time line of development, whereas the lens capsule and the internal limiting membrane showed constant LM chain patterns.The epithelial BMs of normal and diseased adult corneas contained similar LM chains. The normal morphology of the epithelial BM was altered in the different diseases, particularly when scarring was present. In the scarred keratoconus corneas there were excessive LM chains. The majority of keratoconus corneas also expressed extra LM chains in the DM.At 10-17 wg alpha11 integrin chain was present in the human corneal stroma, especially in the anterior portion, but it was scarce at 20 wg, in normal adult corneas and in Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy. In contrast, it was increased in the anterior portion of the stroma in keratoconus corneas with scarring. Alpha11 integrin ko mice had a defective healing with subsequent thinner corneas. Alpha11 integrin expression correlated to the presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin in vivo as well as in vitro.The distinct spatial and temporal patterns of distribution for alpha11 integrin and each of the LM chains suggest that they play an important role in human ocular differentiation. The selectively affected LM composition and the novel expression of alpha11 integrin chain in scarred keratoconus corneas as well as the pathologic healing in ko mice, indicate that alpha11 integrin and LM chains also play an important role in the process of corneal healing, remodeling and scarring and might participate in the pathogenesis of corneal disease. This knowledge is of practical importance for future topical therapeutic agents capable of modulating the corneal wound healing processes.
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