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| 2. |
- Lorenz, M. W., et al.
(författare)
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Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression and Risk of Vascular Events in People With Diabetes: Results From the PROG-IMT Collaboration
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 38:10, s. 1921-1929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVECarotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of subclinical organ damage and predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in the general population. It has also been associated with vascular risk in people with diabetes. However, the association of CIMT change in repeated examinations with subsequent CVD events is uncertain, and its use as a surrogate end point in clinical trials is controversial. We aimed at determining the relation of CIMT change to CVD events in people with diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSIn a comprehensive meta-analysis of individual participant data, we collated data from 3,902 adults (age 33-92 years) with type 2 diabetes from 21 population-based cohorts. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) difference in mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) or in CCA-IMT progression, both calculated from two examinations on average 3.6 years apart, for each cohort, and combined the estimates with random-effects meta-analysis.RESULTSAverage mean CCA-IMT ranged from 0.72 to 0.97 mm across cohorts in people with diabetes. The HR of CVD events was 1.22 (95% CI 1.12-1.33) per SD difference in mean CCA-IMT, after adjustment for age, sex, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Average mean CCA-IMT progression in people with diabetes ranged between -0.09 and 0.04 mm/year. The HR per SD difference in mean CCA-IMT progression was 0.99 (0.91-1.08).CONCLUSIONSDespite reproducing the association between CIMT level and vascular risk in subjects with diabetes, we did not find an association between CIMT change and vascular risk. These results do not support the use of CIMT progression as a surrogate end point in clinical trials in people with diabetes.
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| 4. |
- Koelle, D. M., et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide circulation of HSV-2 x HSV-1 recombinant strains
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homo sapiens harbor two distinct, medically significant species of simplexviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2, with estimated divergence 6-8 million years ago (MYA). Unexpectedly, we found that circulating HSV-2 strains can contain HSV-1 DNA segments in three distinct genes. Using over 150 genital swabs from North and South America and Africa, we detected recombinantsworldwide. Common, widely distributed gene UL39 genotypes are parsimoniously explained by an initial >457 basepair (bp) HSV-1 x HSV-2 crossover followed by back-recombination to HSV-2. Blocks of >244 and >539 bp of HSV-1 DNA within genes UL29 and UL30, respectively, have reached near fixation, with a minority of strains retaining sequences we posit as ancestral HSV-2. Our data add to previous in vitroand animal work, implying that in vivo cellular co-infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2 yields viable interspecies recombinants in the natural human host.
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| 5. |
- Borgli, H, et al.
(författare)
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HyperKvasir, a comprehensive multi-class image and video dataset for gastrointestinal endoscopy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific data. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-4463. ; 7:1, s. 283-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial intelligence is currently a hot topic in medicine. However, medical data is often sparse and hard to obtain due to legal restrictions and lack of medical personnel for the cumbersome and tedious process to manually label training data. These constraints make it difficult to develop systems for automatic analysis, like detecting disease or other lesions. In this respect, this article presents HyperKvasir, the largest image and video dataset of the gastrointestinal tract available today. The data is collected during real gastro- and colonoscopy examinations at Bærum Hospital in Norway and partly labeled by experienced gastrointestinal endoscopists. The dataset contains 110,079 images and 374 videos, and represents anatomical landmarks as well as pathological and normal findings. The total number of images and video frames together is around 1 million. Initial experiments demonstrate the potential benefits of artificial intelligence-based computer-assisted diagnosis systems. The HyperKvasir dataset can play a valuable role in developing better algorithms and computer-assisted examination systems not only for gastro- and colonoscopy, but also for other fields in medicine.
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| 6. |
- Janosik, Tomasz, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic, spectroscopic, and X-ray crystallographic studies of [1,2,7,8]tetrathiacyclododecino[4,3-b : 5,6-b': 10,9-b": 11,12-b''']tetraindoles
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; :8, s. 1392-1396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two conformationally different [1,2,7,8]tetrathiacyclododecino[4,3-b:5,6-b':10,9-b":11,12-b''']tetraind oles 9a and 9b have been isolated in good yields, and the existence of a third conformer 9c in solution was demonstrated by mass spectrometry and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The interconversions of the tetraindoles 9a-c have also been studied. The conformation of 9b was confirmed by X-ray crystallography, while the conformations of 9a and 9b were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic data, and were also supported by molecular modelling studies. In addition, the elusive dithiin 3 was isolated and the structure was proven by X-ray crystallography.
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| 7. |
- Janosik, T, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic, spectroscopic, and X-ray crystallographic studies of [1,2,7,8]tetrathiacyclododecino[4,3-b : 5,6-b': 10,9-b": 11,12-b''']tetraindoles
- 2002
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. - 1434-193X. ; 2002:8, s. 1392-1396
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Nyström, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Social structure of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off the south coast of Zanzibar
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The social structure of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) resident in Menai Bay, Zanzibar, east Africa, was investigated using group characteristics and association records collected 1999-2002. On average, groups were large compared to those reported from other bottlenose dolphin studies. Groups were also significantly larger when the dolphins exhibited socializing behavior or when calves were present, indicating that large groups could be attributed to social benefits related to reproduction and caring for calves. To investigate relationships between identified individuals, an association analysis was performed using half-weight association indices (HWIs), calculated for 67 well-marked individuals sighted 9 or more times. While the overall distribution of HWIs was skewed towards lower values, relationships were stronger and more long-term than would be expected if dolphins were associating at random. A temporal analysis, performed to model the stability of associations, suggested that these relationships may last for as long as 7 years. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis revealed two female clusters and a male pair that had high HWIs across all years of sampling. These preferred relationships may be formed to obtain reproductive benefits as well as safety against predators and other threats. For example, the dolphins in Menai Bay are subject to anthropogenic threats from fishing and tourism activities in the area. Unless kept at a sustainable level, such threats could ultimately disrupt the long-term relationships observed in the present study and adversely influence the health of the population.
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