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| 2. |
- Andersson, Dan-Erik, et al.
(author)
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Mänskliga rättigheter i konflikt och samspel med religion – en mångbottnad historia
- 2013
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In: Religionens offentlighet. Om religionens plats i samhället. - 9789175806624 ; , s. 183-204
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The history of Human Rights (HR) is often a story of success, where different obstacles have been overcome and the UN declaration of HR from 1948 marks the end of a centuries long struggle with different forces that has been against the fulfillment. In my article I question the often over-simplified understanding of the emergence of human rights standards and argue out of HR and religion that the relation is to say the least multi-layered.
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| 3. |
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Att tolka Bibeln och Koranen : Konflikt och förhandling
- 2009
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Editorial collection (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Att tolka Bibeln och Koranen är en antologi och ett läromedel för akademisk grundutbildning i religionsvetenskap. Här ges olika exempel på tolkningspraktik och tolkningskonflikter vid tolkning av Bibeln och Koranen i religiösa och sekulära kontexter. Exemplen är såväl ur nuet som ur historien.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson Stenström, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Identifying radiologically important ESS-specific radionuclides and relevant detection methods
- 2020
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Book (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The European Spallation Source (ESS) is under construction in the outskirts of Lund in southern Sweden. When ESS has entered the operational phase in a few years, an intense beam of high-energy protons will not only produce the desired spallation neutrons from a large target of tungsten, but a substantial number of different radioactive by-products will also be generated. A small part of these will be released to the environment during normal operation. During an accident scenario, a wide range of gases and aerosols may be released from the tungsten target. The palette of radionuclides generated in the ESS target will differ from that of e.g. medical cyclotrons or nuclear power plants, thus presenting new challenges e.g. in the required environmental monitoring to ensure that dose limits to the public are not exceeded. This project (SSM2018-1636), financed by the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM), aimed to strengthen competence at Lund University for measurement and analysis of ESS-specific radionuclides. First, an extensive literature review, including modelling as well as experimental analyses, of ESS-relevant radionuclides was performed. We found that radionuclide production in particle accelerators is well-known, while experience with tungsten targets is very limited. As a second part of the project, an independent simplified model of the ESS target sector for the calculations of radionuclide production in the ESS tungsten target was developed using the FLUKA code. We conclude that we have a fairly good agreement with results of other authors, except for 148Gd, and that the calculated radionuclide composition is sensitive to the nuclear interaction models used.In the third part of the project, known environmental measurement technologies for various ESS-relevant radionuclides were reviewed, focussing on pure difficult-to-measure alpha- and beta-emitters. Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is a suitable technique e.g. for the important beta emitters 3H, 14C, 35S, 31P and 33P. Several ESS radionuclides of relevance for dose estimates have never been investigated by environmental analytical techniques, due to their absence in the normal environment. Alpha spectrometry seems promising for the analysis of alpha-emitting lanthanides, in particular for 148Gd. Among the many types of mass spectrometry techniques, ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) and AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) seem to be the most suitable for the analysis of long-lived ESS radionuclides in environmental samples (e.g. 243Am and possibly lanthanides for ICP-MS and 10Be, 14C, 32Si, 36Cl, 60Fe and 129I for AMS).Three experimental parts were performed during the project, related to initiation of radioactivity measurements of aerosols at Lund University, mapping of environmental tritium in the Lund area, and establishment of a method to measure tritium in urine followed by a study of tritium in persons presently living or working in Lund. Aerosols were collected at a rural background station (Hyltemossa near Perstorp, northern Skåne) using a high-volume aerosol sampler with automatic filter change (DHA-80, Digitel). Gamma spectrometry measurements of 7Be agreed rather well with results from a nearby air monitoring station (SSM/FOI). Tritium (radioactive hydrogen) is expected to dominate the source term from the ESS target station to the environment. We have performed several investigations to monitor the current situation of tritium in Lund using LSC: the matrices investigated included air humidity, precipitation, pond water, indoor air at one accelerator facility and urine from the general public as well as from persons who may be occupationally exposed to tritium. Environmental tritium was generally very low (<3.4 Bq L-1), with somewhat higher concentration in the springtime than during the rest of the year. Tritium in the vast majority of the 55 urine samples was also very low: only a few exposed workers were found to have up to 11 Bq L-1 in their urine, which still is very low compared to e.g. reactor workers. Suggestions for further actions and work related to measurement and analysis of ESS relevant radionuclides are presented.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson Lundberg, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Religionsbruk och offentlighet- en ansats
- 2013
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In: Religionens offentlighet, Om religionens plats i samhället. - 9789175806624 ; , s. 331-345
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Sanna Aila, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of patients, family members and health care professionals : a meta-review of qualitative evidence syntheses
- 2021
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In: Journal of Eating Disorders. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2050-2974. ; 9:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Eating disorders are serious conditions that cause major suffering for patients and their families. Better knowledge about perceptions of eating disorders and their treatment, and which factors that facilitate or hinder recovery, is desired in order to develop the clinical work. We aimed to explore and synthesise experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of those suffering from an eating disorder, their family members and health care professionals through an overarching meta-review of systematic reviews in the field.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews of qualitative research on experiences, perceptions, needs, or desires related to eating disorders from the perspective of patients, family members or health care professionals. Systematic reviews that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were assessed for relevance and methodological limitations by at least two researchers independently. The key findings were analysed and synthesised into themes.RESULTS: We identified 17 systematic reviews that met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 reviews reported on the patients' perspective, five on the family members' perspective, and three on the health care professionals' perspective. The study population in the reviews was predominantly girls and young women with anorexia nervosa, whilst systematic reviews focusing on other eating disorders were scarce. The findings regarding each of the three perspectives resulted in themes that could be synthesised into three overarching themes: 1) being in control or being controlled, 2) balancing physical recovery and psychological needs, and 3) trusting relationships.CONCLUSIONS: There were several similarities between the views of patients, family members and health care professionals, especially regarding the significance of building trustful therapeutic alliances that also included family members. However, the informants sometimes differed in their views, particularly on the use of the biomedical model, which was seen as helpful by health care professionals, while patients and family members felt that it failed to address their psychological distress. Acknowledging these differences is important for the understanding of anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders, and may help clinicians to broaden treatment approaches to meet the expectations of patients and family members.
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| 10. |
- Homann, Manijeh Vafa, et al.
(author)
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Detection of Malaria Parasites After Treatment in Travelers : A 12-months Longitudinal Study and Statistical Modelling Analysis
- 2017
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In: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 25, s. 66-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The rapid clearance of malaria parasite DNA from circulation has widely been accepted as a fact without being systemically investigated. We assessed the persistence of parasite DNA in travelers treated for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a malaria-free area. Venous blood was collected at the time of admission and prospectively up to one year. DNA and RNA were extracted and analyzed using species-specific and gametocyte-specific real-time PCR as well as merozoite surface protein 2 (msp2)-PCR. In 31 successfully treated individuals, asexual parasites were seen by microscopy until two days after treatment, whereas parasite DNA was detected by msp2- and species-specific PCR up to days 31 and 42, respectively. Statistical modelling predicted 26% (+/- 0.05 SE) species-specific PCR positivity until day 40 and estimated 48 days for all samples to become PCR negative. Gametocytes were detected by microscopy and PCR latest two days after treatment. C-T values correlated well with microscopy-defined parasite densities before but not after treatment started. These results reveal that PCR positivity can persist several weeks after treatment without evidence of viable sexual or asexual parasites, indicating that PCR may overestimate parasite prevalence after treatment.
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