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- Sterud, T., et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review of working conditions and occupational health among immigrants in Europe and Canada
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 18:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A systematic attempt to summarize the literature that examines working conditions and occupational health among immigrant in Europe and Canada.Methods: We established inclusion criteria, searched systematically for articles included in the Medline, Embase and Social Sciences Citation Index databases in the period 2000–2016 and checked the reference lists of all included papers.Results: Eighty-two studies were included in this review; 90% were cross-sectional and 80% were based on self-report. Work injuries were consistently found to be more prevalent among immigrants in studies from different countries and in studies with different designs. The prevalence of perceived discrimination or bullying was found to be consistently higher among immigrant workers than among natives. In general, however, we found that the evidence that immigrant workers are more likely to be exposed to physical or chemical hazards and poor psychosocial working conditions is very limited. A few Scandinavian studies support the idea that occupational factors may partly contribute to the higher risk of sick leave or disability pension observed among immigrants. However, the evidence for working conditions as a potential mediator of the associations between immigrant status and poor general health and mental distress was very limited.Conclusion: Some indicators suggest that immigrant workers in Europe and Canada experience poorer working conditions and occupational health than do native workers. However, the ability to draw conclusions is limited by the large gaps in the available data, heterogeneity of immigrant working populations, and the lack of prospectively designed cohort studies.
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| 2. |
- Wang, C, et al.
(författare)
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MR imaging properties and pharmacokinetics of MnDPDP in healthy volunteers
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 38:4 Pt 2, s. 665-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Thirteen male volunteers were studied to evaluate the MR imaging properties and pharmacokinetics of 10 mM mangafodipir trisodium infusion (MnDPDP, Teslascan). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Doses of 5 and 10 mumol/kg b.w. were administered by bolus injection (< 1 min) to 5 subjects, and by infusion (20 min) to 8 subjects, with a 3-week wash-out between doses. Infusion subjects underwent MR imaging. RESULTS: At 1 h after infusion, the plasma concentration of Mn was reduced to approximately 15% of the maximum value. Fifteen to 20% of Mn was recovered in the urine, and 50-60% was recovered in the faeces. The rapid initial plasma clearance of Mn is consistent with both rapid tissue uptake and rapid renal elimination. Increases in signal intensity were apparent on T1-weighted images of the liver, pancreas, spleen, renal cortex and the renal medulla, but not in regions of the brain protected by an intact blood-brain barrier. Increases were seen in the choroid plexus and pituitary. Contrast-related adverse events, only flushing of moderate intensity, occurred in bolus injection subjects. CONCLUSION: At 5 and 10 mumol/kg, mangafodipir produces relatively long-lasting enhancement of several abdominal organs, including the liver, pancreas and kidney.
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