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- Holmberg, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Food choices and coronary heart disease : a population based cohort study of rural Swedish men with 12 years of follow-up
- 2009
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 6:10, s. 2626-2638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coronary heart disease is associated with diet. Nutritional recommendations are frequently provided, but few long term studies on the effect of food choices on heart disease are available. We followed coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in a cohort of rural men (N = 1,752) participating in a prospective observational study. Dietary choices were assessed at baseline with a 15-item food questionnaire. 138 men were hospitalized or deceased owing to coronary heart disease during the 12 year follow-up. Daily intake of fruit and vegetables was associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease when combined with a high dairy fat consumption (odds ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.73), but not when combined with a low dairy fat consumption (odds ratio 1.70, 95% CI 0.97-2.98). Choosing wholemeal bread or eating fish at least twice a week showed no association with the outcome.
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- Holmberg, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial factors and low back pain, consultations, and sick leave among farmers and rural referents : A population-based study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 46:9, s. 993-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Farmers have more low back pain (LBP) than nonfarmers. In a previous report, we found that differences between farmers and nonfarmers in physical work exposure did not explain the LBP differences. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that psychosocial factors might explain the differences in LBP reporting, medical consultation, and sick leave. A cross-sectional population-based survey of 1,013 middle-aged farmers and 769 matched referents was performed. Data on LBP, consultations, and sick leave during lifetime was obtained along with information on psychosocial, social network, and lifestyle variables. Several of the psychosocial variables were associated with LBP but the difference in LBP prevalence between farmers and nonfarmers could be explained only marginally. Farmers and self-employed referents tended to have lower odds of sick leave because of LBP than employed referents after adjustment for psychosocial factors.
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- Stiernström, Eva-Lena
(författare)
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Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among Swedish farmers and non-farmers : A population-based study
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- All over the world morbidity and mortality rates are unevenly distributed in the populations. From official statistics it has been shown that farmers are more healthy and live longer than the rest of the occupationally active population. It has been shown that this is not due to a healthy workereffect, at least not in Sweden. The difference might be caused by a rural versus urban health gradient or by a difference in exposure to traditional risk factors, socio-economic differences or psychosocial differences.The aims of this study were to explore the effects of a rural versus urban health gradient and possible differences in traditional risk factors, socio-economic or psychosocial factors. The study was designed as a prospective double cohort study performed with a case referent technique. The "cases" mere 1220 male farmers 40-60 years old living in 9 communities and the ''referents'' were 1130 rural and 1087 urban nonfarmers from the general population, matched to the farmers by sex, age and residential areas. 83% of the farmers and 67% of the rural referents participated in a survey in 1990-1991.The reported rate of admission to hospital for all causes combined was 20% lower among farmers than among the rural referents and was lower for all individual causes except for accidents. The results were validated with register data. During eight years of follow up the relative Cardiovascular disease morbidity risk was 38% and 42% higher among rural and urban referents, respectively, than among farmers. The rural versus urban health gradient thus explained approximately 4 per cent units of the cardiovascular morbidity difference. Differences in traditional risk factor exposure explained one third to one half of the farmer-nonfarmer difference in cardiovascular morbidity. When socio-economic and psychosocial factors were taken into account the gap in morbidity rate expanded to approximately 40%.In conclusion farmers had less cardiovascular morbidity than other occupationally active groups. This was only to a moderate extent explained by the rural versus urban health gradient and by differences in traditional risk factor exposure. Socio-economic and psychosocial factors had no explanatory effect.
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