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- Bellavia, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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High red meat intake and all-cause cardiovascular and cancer mortality : is the risk modified by fruit and vegetable intake?
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 104:4, s. 1137-1143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High red meat consumption is associated with a shorter survival and higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality. Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is associated with a longer survival and lower mortality risk. Whether high FV consumption can counterbalance the negative impact of high red meat consumption is unknown. Objective: We evaluated 2 large prospective cohorts of Swedish men and women (the Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men) to determine whether the association between red meat consumption and the risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer specific mortality differs across amounts of FV intake. Design: The study population included 74,645 Swedish men and women. Red meat and FV consumption were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. We estimated HRs of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality according to quintiles of total red meat consumption. We next investigated possible interactions between red meat and FV consumption and evaluated the dose-response associations at low, medium, and high FV intake. Results: Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of total red meat consumption, those in the highest quintile had a 21% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.29), a 29% increased risk of CVD mortality (BR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.46), and no increase in the risk of cancer mortality (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.43). Results were remarkably similar across amounts of FV consumption, and no interaction between red meat and FV consumption was detected. Conclusion: High intakes of red meat were associated with a higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. The increased risks were consistently observed in participants with low, medium, and high FV consumption. The Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01127698 and NCT01127711, respectively.
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| 2. |
- Stilling, Frej, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose tissue fatty acid composition and cognitive impairment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0899-9007 .- 1873-1244. ; 54, s. 153-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association among adipose tissue eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), and the ratios of EPA to AA and DHA to AA with impaired cognitive function.Methods: This cross-sectional analysis comprised 481 men participating in the Cohort of Swedish Men Clinical and for whom adipose tissue fatty acid composition and results from a telephone-based cognitive test were available. Impaired cognitive function was defined using a predefined cutoff on the cognitive test. Binomial log-linear regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios. In secondary analyses, Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risk for incident dementia ascertained by linkage with population-based registers.Results: We observed a graded reduction in the prevalence of impaired cognitive function across tertiles of adipose tissue EPA/AA- ratio (P-trend = 0.01); compared with the lowest tertile, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios were, respectively, 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.17) and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.45-0.91) for the second and third tertiles. EPA, DHA, and the DHA/AA ratio showed similar patterns of association; however, the CIs included the null. AA alone was not associated with impaired cognitive function. Although with lower precision, estimates obtained from the prospective analysis were broadly consistent with the main analysis.Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that a high ratio of EPA to AA in adipose tissue may be associated with better cognitive function. A similar association was observed with EPA, DHA, and the ratio of DHA to AA, but the results did not exclude a null association.
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| 3. |
- Stilling, Frej, et al.
(författare)
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High insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is associated with low relative muscle mass in older women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Metabolism. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0026-0495 .- 1532-8600. ; 73, s. 36-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Skeletal muscles serve several important roles in maintaining good health. Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a promoter of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. Its binding protein, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) can be one determinant of IGF-1 activity. In the present study we investigate the association between serum IGFBP-1 and muscle mass.Design: Cross-sectional analysis of 4908 women, between 55 and 85 years old, participating in the Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical.Methods: We defined low relative muscle mass (LRMM) as an appendicular lean mass divided by height squared of less than 5.45 (kg/m(2)), assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. IGFBP-1 was measured by radioimmunoassay. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds-ratios of LRMM across quartiles of IGFBP-1.Results: The odds of LRMM increased across quartiles of IGFBP-1. In the age-adjusted model the odds-ratio (OR) of LRMM was 3.41 (95% CI: 2.55-4.56), comparing the highest to the lowest quartile. This estimate was attenuated in multivariate models (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.34-2.53), mainly due to inclusion of fat mass index.Conclusion: Women with higher IGFBP-1 were more likely to have a low relative muscle mass. High IGFBP-1 may be a marker of a catabolic state.
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