| 1. |
- Ertzgaard, Per, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Ryggmärgsskador och ryggmärgsbråck
- 2006. - 1
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Ingår i: Rehabiliteringsmedicin. - Lund : Studenlitteratur. - 9144045077 - 9789144045078 ; , s. 276-287
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapitel om rehabiliteringsmedicinens utveckling och nuvarande plats i sjukvården samt begrepp och metodik inleder boken. I två delar ges därefter rehabiliteringsmedicinska aspekter på de dominerande sjukdomsgrupperna - komplexa smärttillstånd respektive skador och sjukdomar i nervsystemet. Som avslutning beskrivs bland annat stressrelaterade tillstånd. Läroboken är avsedd för grundutbildning av läkare, arbetsterapeuter och sjukgymnaster, logopeder samt för läkare under AT-tjänstgöring. Den är också lämplig som introduktion i specialistutbildningen i rehabiliteringsmedicin, geriatrik, neurologi och smärtlindring. Vidareutbildningar av olika vårdyrkesgrupper kan ha nytta av boken och den kan också användas som referenslitteratur av yrkesverksamma med intresse för rehabiliteringsmedicin.
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| 2. |
- Ertzgaard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ryggmärgsskador och ryggmärgsbråck
- 2006
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Ingår i: Rehabiliteringsmedicin. - : Studentlitteratur. - 9144045077
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Lundbäck, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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An interview study to estimate prevalence of asthma and chronic bronchitis : The obstructive lung disease in northern Sweden study
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 9:2, s. 123-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A questionnaire of respiratory symptoms and diseases completed by 6610 adults in 3 age cohorts (35-36 y; 50-51 y and 65-66 y) in northern Sweden was followed-up by interview and lung function testing of 1243 subjects with asthmatic or bronchitic symptoms and 263 subjects assessed from the postal questionnaire as being healthy. We report the results of this follow-up study. According to the criteria used, 292 subjects (5.1% of the original study sample) were diagnosed as having asthma. Out of the 1243 subjects 334 (5.9% of the original study population) were diagnosed as having chronic bronchitis. However, examination of the 263 subjects who were healthy according to the postal questionnaire showed that elderly smokers, in particular, under-reported bronchitic symptoms; taking this into account, the prevalence of chronic bronchitis is estimated to be of the order of 9%. Diagnostic difficulties were noted in 70 subjects (corresponding to 1.2% of the original study sample) in whom asthma or chronic bronchitis were strongly suspected. Further investigation of these subjects was considered necessary. In this cross-sectional study, FEV1 < 80% of predicted values was found in 36% of subjects diagnosed as having asthma and in 31% of those with chronic bronchitis. Among subjects with attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, diagnostic criteria often used for asthma in questionnaire studies, 70% were diagnosed as having asthma. Of those with chronic productive cough, 62% were diagnosed as having chronic bronchitis. We consider that trained nurses provide reliable data that may be used in epidemiological surveys of obstructive lung diseases
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| 4. |
- Lundbäck, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of respiratory symptoms, lung function and important determinants : Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden project
- 1994
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Ingår i: Tubercle and Lung Disease. - 0962-8479 .- 1532-219X. ; 75:2, s. 116-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SETTING: Cross-sectional epidemiological study based on a representative sample of the general population in northern Sweden. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the role of respiratory symptoms as indicators of impairment of lung function, and to define risk factors for respiratory symptoms and lung function impairment. DESIGN: The 1340 subjects of 6610 who reported respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma or chronic bronchitis in a postal questionnaire study were invited to a structured interview and lung function tests. A control group of 315 subjects was also invited. Risk factors were assessed from the postal questionnaire. RESULTS: 400 subjects in the symptomatic group had attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, while none in the control group had them, corresponding to 7% of the original study population. Chronic productive cough was present in 537 subjects, of whom 13 were from the control group, suggesting that 12% of the original study population had this symptom. Persistent wheeze was the symptom that predicted the greatest proportion of cases of impaired lung function. Attacks of breathlessness, wheezing, long-standing cough and sputum production were all related to age, smoking and a family history of asthma. Both chronic productive cough and impaired lung function correlated strongly with smoking and age, and their prevalences differed in different socio-economic groups. CONCLUSION: Impaired lung function can be predicted from respiratory symptoms. Data collected in postal questionnaires suffice for the identification of risk factors. Combinations of symptoms gave greater odds ratios than individual symptoms.
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| 5. |
- Lundbäck, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Methacholine reactivity and asthma : Report from the Northern Sweden Obstructive Lung Disease Project
- 1993
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 48:2, s. 117-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methacholine tests were used in an epidemiologic study of the prevalence of asthma and chronic bronchitis in northern Sweden. Of 6610 subjects in three age groups from eight representative geographic areas in the northernmost province of Sweden, 5698 (86%) completed a postal questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, and 1506 underwent a structured interview and a lung function test. A total of 292 (5%) were diagnosed as having asthma. A subsample of 284 subjects (of 320 invited) classified at the interview as having asthma (n = 98) or as having respiratory symptoms that might be due to asthma but not fulfilling the interview criteria for the diagnosis of asthma (n = 186) underwent a methacholine test. Subjects who, before the interview study, already had a well-defined asthma diagnosis were not invited to the methacholine testing. Of those 98 subjects classified as having asthma, 61% reacted to methacholine doses < or = 4 mg/ml and 79% to doses < or = 8 mg/ml, while the corresponding figures in the symptomatic but nonasthma group were 20% and 34%, respectively. The results show that a carefully performed structured interview accurately diagnoses asthma in epidemiologic studies. The methacholine tests provide important diagnostic information primarily in subjects in whom the medical history is equivocal
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| 6. |
- Sandstrom, T, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of repeated exposure to 4 ppm nitrogen dioxide on bronchoalveolar lymphocyte subsets and macrophages in healthy men
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - 1399-3003. ; 5:9, s. 1092-1096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the basal descriptive studies of the bronchoalveolar inflammatory cell response induced by single exposure with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in man, it was considered important to clarify the cell response to repeated exposure with NO2. This investigation was, therefore, undertaken with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 3 weeks before and 24 h after six repeated exposures with 4 ppm NO2 (7 mg.m-3) in ten healthy volunteers. The exposures were performed during 20 min and every second day. Analysis of the recovered BAL fluid demonstrated that repeated exposures to NO2 caused a lung cell response different from that reported after a single exposure. Amounts of lavaged alveolar macrophages, B-cells, and natural killer (NK)-cells were decreased and the T-helper-inducer/cytotoxic-suppressor cell ratio was altered, but there was no lymphocytosis or mastocytosis as after single exposure. Lymphocyte numbers in peripheral blood were reduced after exposure. These results suggest that repeated exposure with NO2 adversely affects the immune defence. This could contribute to the increased susceptibility to airway infections reported to be associated with NO2 exposure.
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| 7. |
- Sandstrom, T, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory cell response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after nitrogen dioxide exposure of healthy subjects: a dose-response study
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - 1399-3003. ; 4:3, s. 332-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of environmental chamber exposure and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was used to study the effects of the common air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Eighteen healthy nonsmokers were exposed to NO2 during 20 min in an exposure chamber during light bicycle ergometer work. All subjects were examined with BAL at least 3 wks before exposure, as a reference. The subjects were re-examined with BAL, in groups of eight, 24 h after exposure to 4, 7 and 10 mg NO2.m.3 (2.25, 4.0 and 5.5 ppm), respectively. An inflammatory cell response was found after exposure to all concentrations. An increase in the number of lymphocytes in BAL fluid was observed after 7 and 10 mg.m.3 (p less than 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). An increase in the number of mast cells, that appears to be dose-dependent, was found after exposure to all concentrations. The proportion of lysozyme positive alveolar macrophages was elevated after exposure to 7 mg.m.3. The inflammatory mediators fibronectin, hyaluronan, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and beta 2-microglobulin were unchanged by exposure. Due to the findings of inflammatory cell changes far below the peak exposure limits for work places in industrialized countries, 9-18 mg.m.3, the safety of these limits is questioned. Studies are in progress in our laboratory using BAL to evaluate the effects of repeated NO2 exposure.
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