| 1. |
- Abe, K., et al.
(författare)
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J-PARC Neutrino Beamline Upgrade Technical Design Report
- 2019
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this document, technical details of the upgrade plan of the J-PARC neutrino beamline for the extension of the T2K experiment are described. T2K has proposed to accumulate data corresponding to 2×1022 protons-on-target in the next decade, aiming at an initial observation of CP violation with 3σ or higher significance in the case of maximal CP violation. Methods to increase the neutrino beam intensity, which are necessary to achieve the proposed data increase, are described.
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| 3. |
- Gangannagaripalli, J., et al.
(författare)
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A Standard Set of Value-Based Patient-Centered Outcomes and Measures of Overall Health in Adults
- 2022
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Ingår i: Patient-Patient Centered Outcomes Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1178-1653 .- 1178-1661. ; 15:3, s. 341-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The definition of population-specific outcomes is an essential precondition for the implementation of value-based health care. We developed a minimum standard outcome set for overall adult health (OAH) to facilitate the implementation of value-based health care in tracking, comparing, and improving overall health care outcomes of adults across multiple conditions, which would be of particular relevance for primary care and public health populations. Methods The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) convened an international panel (patients, clinicians, and topic experts). Following the development of a conceptual framework, a modified Delphi method (supported by public consultations) was implemented to identify, in sequence, the relevant domains, the best instruments for measuring them, the timing of measurement, and the relevant adjustment variables. Findings Outcomes were identified in relation to overall health status and the domains of physical, mental, and social health. Three instruments covering these domains were identified: PROMIS Scale v1.2-Global Health (10 items), WHO Wellbeing Index (5 items), and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (12 items). Case-mix variables included a range of sociodemographic and biometric measures. Yearly measurement was proposed for all outcomes and most case-mix variables. Interpretation The ICHOM OAH Standard Set has been developed through consensus-based methods based on predefined criteria following high standards for the identification and selection of high-quality measures The involvements of a wide range of stakeholders supports the acceptability of the set, which is readily available for use and feasibility testing in clinical settings.
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| 4. |
- Hellström, Per M., et al.
(författare)
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Receptor-mediated inhibition of small bowel migrating complex by GLP-1 analog ROSE-010 delivered via pulmonary and systemic routes in the conscious rat
- 2012
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Ingår i: Regulatory Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-0115 .- 1873-1686. ; 179:1-3, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: ROSE-010, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, reduces gastrointestinal motility and relieves acute pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The rat small bowel migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) is a reliable model of pharmacological effects on gastrointestinal motility. Accordingly, we investigated whether ROSE-010 works through GLP-1 receptors in gut musculature and its effectiveness when administered by pulmonary inhalation. Materials and methods: Rats were implanted with bipolar electrodes at 5, 15 and 25 cm distal to pylorus and myoelectric activity was recorded. First, intravenous or subcutaneous injections of ROSE-010 or GLP-1 (1, 10, 100 mu g/kg) with or without the GLP-1 receptor blocker exendin(9-39)amide (300 mu g/kg.h), were studied. Second, ROSE-010 (100, 200 mu g/kg) Technosphere (R) powder was studied by inhalation. Results: The baseline MMC cycle length was 17.5 +/- 0.8 min. GLP-1 and ROSE-010. administered intravenously or subcutaneously, significantly inhibited myoelectric activity and prolonged MMC cycling; 100 mu g/kg completely inhibited spiking activity for 49.1 +/- 4.2 and 73.3 +/- 7.7 min, while the MMC cycle length increased to 131.1 +/- 11.4 and 149.3 +/- 15.5 min, respectively. Effects of both drugs were inhibited by exendin(9-39) amide. Insufflation of ROSE-010 (100, 200 mu g/kg) powder formulation totally inhibited myoelectric spiking for 52.6 +/- 5.8 and 70.1 +/- 5.4 min, and increased MMC cycle length to 102.6 +/- 18.3 and 105.9 +/- 9.5 min, respectively. Conclusions: Pulmonary delivery of ROSE-010 inhibits gut motility through the GLP-1R similar to natural GLP-1. ROSE-010 causes receptor-mediated inhibition of MMC comparable to that of intravenous or subcutaneous administration. This suggests that ROSE-010 administered as a Technosphere (R) inhalation powder has potential in IBS pain management and treatment.
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| 5. |
- Lee, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions and preferences of autologous blood donors
- 1998
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Ingår i: Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.). - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1537-2995 .- 0041-1132. ; 38:8, s. 757-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The public's perception of autologous blood donation and transfusion as a worthwhile alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion increased dramatically with discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus. However, new concerns are being raised about the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the procedure. As more restrictive guidelines for autologous blood donation evolve, opposition from patients concerned about exposure to allogeneic blood may arise. Physicians' ability to reassure patients and garner their support for more restrictive policies requires an understanding of patients' concerns. The motivations, perceptions, and preferences of patients currently participating in autologous blood donation programs were investigated in this study. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Results from two questionnaire studies of 647 autologous blood donors are presented. The questionnaires assessed demographics, risk perceptions, preferences, willingness to pay, and reactions to different interventions designed to decrease patient preference for autologous blood donation. RESULTS: Patients expressed a strong preference for the availability of autologous blood and indicated that they would be willing to pay substantial amounts of money even ii the procedure were not covered by insurance. Despite education about the low risks of complications from allogeneic transfusions, an aversion to allogeneic transfusion and a willingness to pay for autologous blood donation persisted. Patients were not reassured by information on better infectious disease testing or physician recommendation against autologous blood donation. CONCLUSION: Patients currently participating in autologous blood donor programs strongly prefer continued access to this procedure, primarily because they remain concerned about the complications of allogeneic transfusions. They may not be significantly reassured despite increasingly rigorous and costly improvements in donor and component screening.
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| 8. |
- Stowell, Sean R., et al.
(författare)
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Differential roles of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in regulating leukocyte viability and cytokine secretion
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - 1550-6606. ; 180:5, s. 3091-3102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) exhibit profound but unique immunomodulatory activities in animals but their molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Early studies suggested that Gal-1 inhibits leukocyte function by inducing apoptotic cell death and removal, but recent studies show that some galectins induce exposure of the common death signal phosphatidylserine (PS) independently of apoptosis. In tfhis study, we report that Gal-3, but not Gal-1, induces both PS exposure and apoptosis in primary activated human T cells, whereas both Gal-1 and Gal-3 induce PS exposure in neutrophils in the absence of cell death. Gal-1 and Gal-3 bind differently to the surfaces of T cells and only Gal-3 mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ in these cells, although Gal-1 and Gal-3 bind their respective T cell ligands with similar affinities. Although Gal-1 does not alter T cell viability, it induces IL-10 production and attenuates IFN-gamma production in activated T cells, suggesting a mechanism for Gal-1-mediated immunosuppression in vivo. These studies demonstrate that Gal-1 and Gal-3 induce differential responses in T cells and neutrophils, and identify the first factor, Gal-3, capable of inducing PS exposure with or without accompanying apoptosis in different leukocytes, thus providing a possible mechanism for galectin-mediated immunomodulation in vivo.
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