| 1. |
- Näslund, Joacim, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations needed for analysing data from the Swedish Electrofishing RegiSter (SERS), with special reference to the RivFishTIME database of long-term riverine surveys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Fauna Norvegica. - 1502-4873 .- 1891-5396. ; 42, s. 47-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The published database RivFishTIME (Comte et al. 2021, Global Ecology and Biogeography, doi: 10.1111/geb.13210) includes a large section of time-series data on fish abundance in Swedish rivers from the Swedish Electrofishing RegiSter, SERS. Knowledge about the limitations of the source data are important when extracting and analyzing data and with this brief note we provide some details that may be helpful for interpreting the Swedish time-series. The note highlights the importance of linking vital metadata to extracted focal data when constructing new databases, especially concerning time series data from monitoring programs conducted in non-randomly selected sites with human environmental impacts. Many of the SERS data come from rivers that have been affected by human impact, e.g. liming to mitigate environmental acidification and hydropower dams, since before monitoring was initiated. Data in SERS are also biased towards shallow salmonid habitats, due to the configuration of Swedish monitoring programs. Hence, data from many rivers are not representative of their fish biodiversity in general. This information is vital for appropriate interpretation of fish biodiversity trends. For RivFishTIME analyses considerations are important since Swedish data constitutes a large proportion of the database. We also provide background information about SERS and references to other Swedish databases containing complementary information. Finally, we provide contact information of the SERS database curators, who can assist prospective analysts with data extraction from SERS.
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| 2. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 3. |
- Ansell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Durability of shotcrete tunnel linings due to steel fibre corrosion in cracks
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Steel fibre reinforcement in homogenous, intact, wet-mix shotcrete show an excellent durability against corrosion. The alkaline concrete environment gives good protection but the relatively thin shotcrete layers may crack due to shrinkage and other deformations. Durability requirements today often demands service-life of more than 100 years, which is not realistic with a maintained load-bearing capacity. Special measures must therefore be taken in the design of shotcrete rock support, such as addition of extra amount of fibres if the shotcrete is cracked or increased structural thickness, which is here demonstrated with examples. Due to the complex situation with requirements on service-life, climate impact and cost-efficiency, the design of future shotcrete supports will be optimized based on life cycle and life cycle cost analyses.
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| 4. |
- Aremyr, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropomorphism: an investigation of its effect on trust in human-machine interfaces for highly automated vehicles
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 823, s. 343-352
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trust has been identified as a major factor in relation to user acceptance of Highly Automated Vehicles (HAV). A positive correlation has been suggested between increased trust and the use of anthropomorphic features in interfaces. However, more research is necessary to establish whether this is true in an HAV context. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate how trust in HAVs is influenced by HMI design with different degrees of anthropomorphism: baseline, caricature, and human. Ten subjects participated in an in-vehicle trial to test the designs. The results showed no significant difference in levels of trust between conditions. Instead, it was found that anthropomorphism may affect user acceptance indirectly through its effect on perceived ease of use and usefulness. The findings imply that designers must be cautious when using anthropomorphism and consider adaptability and customisability to incorporate new and diverse user needs associated with the use of HAV.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berg, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Learning Support and Chat-Sessions in Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents With Anxiety: A Factorial Design Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Increased awareness of anxiety in adolescents emphasises the need for effective interventions. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) could be a resource-effective and evidence-based treatment option, but little is known about how to optimize ICBT or which factors boost outcomes. Recently, the role of knowledge in psychotherapy has received increased focus. Further, chat-sessions are of interest when trying to optimize ICBT for youths. This study aimed to evaluate the role of learning support and chat-sessions during ICBT for adolescent anxiety, using a factorial design. Method A total of 120 adolescents were randomised to one of four treatment groups, in a 2x2 design with two factors: with or without learning support and/or chat-sessions. Results Anxiety and depressive symptoms were reduced (Beck Anxiety Inventory- BAI; Cohensd=0.72; Beck Depression Inventory- BDI;d=0.97). There was a main effect of learning support on BAI (d=0.38), and learning support increased knowledge gain (d =0.42). There were no main effects or interactions related to the chat-sessions. Treatment effects were maintained at 6-months, but the added effect of learning support had by then vanished. Conclusion ICBT can be an effective alternative when treating adolescents with anxiety. Learning support could be of importance to enhance short-term treatment effects, and should be investigated further.
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| 7. |
- Bergkvist, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of oxygenation with polarized light spectroscopy enables new means for detecting vascular events in the skin
- 2020
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Ingår i: Microvascular Research. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0026-2862 .- 1095-9319. ; 130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Impaired oxygenation in the skin may occur in disease states and after reconstructive surgery. We used tissue viability imaging (TiVi) to measure changes in oxygenation and deoxygenation of haemoglobin in an in vitro model and in the dermal microcirculation of healthy individuals. Materials and methods: Oxygenation was measured in human whole blood with different levels of oxygenation. In healthy subjects, changes in red blood cell concentration (C-RBC,(TiVi)), oxygenation (Delta C-OH,(TiVi)) and deoxygenation (Delta C-DOH,(TiVi)) of haemoglobin were measured during and after arterial and venous occlusion using TiVi and were compared with measurements from the enhanced perfusion and oxygen saturation system (EPOS). Results: During arterial occlusion, C-RBC,(TiVi) remained unchanged while Delta C-OH,(TiVi) decreased to -44.2 (10.4) AU (p = 0.04), as compared to baseline. After release, C-RBC,C-TiVi increased to 39.2 (18.8) AU (p < 0.001), Delta C-OH,C-TiVi increased to 38.5. During venous occlusion, C-RBC,C-TiVi increased to 28.9 (11.2) AU (p < 0.001), Delta C-OH,C-TiVi decreased to -52.2 (46.1) AU (p < 0.001) compared to baseline after 5 min of venous occlusion. There was a significant correlation between the TiVi Oxygen Mapper and EPOS, for arterial (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) and venous occlusion (r = 0.87, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that TiVi can measure trends in oxygenation and deoxygenation of haemoglobin during arterial and venous stasis in healthy individuals.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Aseel, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding and assessing gamification in digital healthcare interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 21:6, s. 630-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gamification is defined as the use of game design elements in contexts other than gaming to increase user engagement and experience. Gamification in cardiovascular care can contribute to positively change health behaviour with possible effects and benefits on physical health and mental well-being. Based on previous literature, in this article we describe: the conceptualization of gamification, the five gamification principles for gamified digital health programmes or applications, the six most common game elements used to impact health behaviour applied in gamified digital health interventions and finally scientifically validated instruments to use for assessment of gamification in terms of self-reported psychological outcomes.
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| 9. |
- Berner, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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G4-ligand-conjugated oligonucleotides mediate selective binding and stabilization of individual G4 DNA structures
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 146:10, s. 6926-6935
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures are prevalent secondary DNA structures implicated in fundamental cellular functions, such as replication and transcription. Furthermore, G4 structures are directly correlated to human diseases such as cancer and have been highlighted as promising therapeutic targets for their ability to regulate disease-causing genes, e.g., oncogenes. Small molecules that bind and stabilize these structures are thus valuable from a therapeutic perspective and helpful in studying the biological functions of the G4 structures. However, there are hundreds of thousands of G4 DNA motifs in the human genome, and a long-standing problem in the field is how to achieve specificity among these different G4 structures. Here, we developed a strategy to selectively target an individual G4 DNA structure. The strategy is based on a ligand that binds and stabilizes G4s without selectivity, conjugated to a guide oligonucleotide, that specifically directs the G4-Ligand-conjugated oligo (GL-O) to the single target G4 structure. By employing various biophysical and biochemical techniques, we show that the developed method enables the targeting of a unique, specific G4 structure without impacting other off-target G4 formations. Considering the vast amount of G4s in the human genome, this represents a promising strategy to study the presence and functions of individual G4s but may also hold potential as a future therapeutic modality.
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| 10. |
- Bjurström, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Data quality and analysts’ role in AI enhanced C2
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (ICCRTS) proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Command and Control (C2) raises questions about the interaction between operators on different levels on the one hand and AI-supported information systems on the other. For some purposes, the aggregation and analysis of large “big data”-sets creates potential for prediction and calculations of probabilities, while for other purposes human heuristics may be as promising depending on the situation. What has been more rarely discussed, is the very quality of data underpinning such calculations, and thus also operators’ awareness of the validity of predictions in relation to any specific situation. This is an urgent debate, considering the fact that full transparency may be impossible and underpinning data may be based on exercises, simulations, real-time data, or a mix thereof. Based on a fundamental classification of different kinds of uncertainties, this article discusses how data of different origins and quality can be managed and communicated to allow for operators to assess on what basis predictions are made. The article further suggests that looking at other fields of research may be useful for exploring unconventional ways of highlighting the existence and quality of different kinds of data of different origins in order to assess its predictive power. Finally, the article discusses how AI may change the role of analysts with regard to such issues.
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