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- Chubb, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Common variation at 3q26.2, 6p21.33, 17p11.2 and 22q13.1 influences multiple myeloma risk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 45:10, s. 366-1221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify variants for multiple myeloma risk, we conducted a genome-wide association study with validation in additional series totaling 4,692 individuals with multiple myeloma (cases) and 10,990 controls. We identified four risk loci at 3q26.2 (rs10936599, P = 8.70 x 10(-14)), 6p21.33 (rs2285803, PSORS1C2, P = 9.67 x 10(-11)), 17p11.2 (rs4273077, TNFRSF13B, P = 7.67 x 10(-9)) and 22q13.1 (rs877529, CBX7, P = 7.63 x 10(-16)). These data provide further evidence for genetic susceptibility to this B-cell hematological malignancy, as well as insight into the biological basis of predisposition.
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- Forsberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Plasticity and flexibility of T cells in human pregnancy in JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, vol 90, issue 2, pp 149-149
- 2011
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0378. ; , s. 149-149
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:Pregnancy challenges the immune system. Thus, tolerance to the semi-allogenic fetus must be supported while the mother and fetus still must be protected against infectious agents. Pregnancy is associated with a Th2 deviated immune system, away from a harmful Th1 associated immunity, although this may be a simplified view. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are enriched in the uterus, but occur at normal frequency in the circulation. It has become increasingly evident that Tregs and T helper cells are not stably committed lineages but are plastic, showing close relationships between subsets. We hypothesize that an increased T cell flexibility in pregnancy can help to explain the paradox of simultaneous tolerance and strong antimicrobial responses. Our aim was to investigate whether the plasticity concept is applicable for the Treg subset, and if it involves the entire T helper population. Material and methods: Isolated Tregs (CD4dimCD25high) and control cells (CD4+CD25−) from second trimester pregnant (n = 14) and non-pregnant women (n = 14) were stimulated for 24 h with plate-bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28. Signature gene and protein expression of each T cell subset was measured using transcription factor expression by real time-PCR and multiplex bead array of cell culture supernatants, respectively. The whole PBMC fraction is also used in ongoing experiments and either stimulated with plate-bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or with the Th1, Th2 and Th17 deviating microbial agents PPD (Th1), TT (Th2) and C. albicans hyphae (Th17). After culturing, the cells are stained for intracellular transcription factors associated with Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg immunity. Results: Stimulated Tregs from pregnant compared to non-pregnant women showed significantly higher levels of markers for Treg cells (Foxp3 mRNA), Th2 cells (GATA-3 mRNA and IL4 protein) and a tendency to increase in markers of Th17 (RORC mRNA and IL-17 protein), whereas Th1 markers (Tbet mRNA and IFN-γ) showed no difference between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Further, ongoing studies may reveal if the entire T helper population shows a higher degree of responsiveness during pregnancy. Conclusions: Our results imply an increased plasticity of the Treg population during pregnancy, suggesting that Treg cells are able to switch to a Th2/Th17-like phenotype, depending on current demands of tolerance or infectious threats.
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- Paalvast, M., et al.
(författare)
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Properties and redshift evolution of star-forming galaxies with high [0 III]/[O II] ratios with MUSE at 0.28 < z < 0.85
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a study of the [O III]/[O II] ratios of star-forming galaxies drawn from Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data spanning a redshift range 0.28 < z < 0.85. Recently discovered Lyman continuum (LyC) emitters have extremely high oxygen line ratios: [O III]lambda 5007/[O II]lambda lambda 3726, 3729 > 4. Here we aim to understand the properties and the occurrences of galaxies with such high line ratios. Combining data from several MUSE Guaranteed Time Observing (GTO) programmes, we select a population of star-forming galaxies with bright emission lines, from which we draw 406 galaxies for our analysis based on their position in the z-dependent star formation rate (SFR) stellar mass (M*) plane. Out of this sample 15 are identified as extreme oxygen emitters based on their [O III]/[O II] ratios (3.7%) and 104 galaxies have [O III]/[O II] > 1 (26%). Our analysis shows no significant correlation between M*, SFR, and the distance from the SFR M, relation with [O III]/[O II]. We find a decrease in the fraction of galaxies with [O III]/[O II] > 1 with increasing M*, however, this is most likely a result of the relationship between [O III]/[O II] and metallicity, rather than between [O III]/[O II] and M. We draw a comparison sample of local analogues with < z > 0.03 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and find similar incidence rates for this sample. In order to investigate the evolution in the fraction of high [O III]/[O II] emitters with redshift, we bin the sample into three redshift subsamples of equal number, but find no evidence for a dependence on redshift. Furthermore, we compare the observed line ratios with those predicted by nebular models with no LyC escape and find that most of the extreme oxygen emitters can be reproduced by low metallicity models. The remaining galaxies are likely LyC emitter candidates.
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- Rasmont, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees
- 2015
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bumble bees represent one of the most important groups of pollinators. In addition to their ecological and economic relevance, they are also a highly charismatic group which can help to increase the interest of people in realizing, enjoying and conserving natural systems. However, like most animals, bumble bees are sensitive to climate. In this atlas, maps depicting potential risks of climate change for bumble bees are shown together with informative summary statistics, ecological background information and a picture of each European species.Thanks to the EU FP7 project STEP, the authors gathered over one million bumblebee records from all over Europe. Based on these data, they modelled the current climatic niche for almost all European species (56 species) and projected future climatically suitable conditions using three climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2100. While under a moderate change scenario only 3 species are projected to be at the verge of extinction by 2100, 14 species are at high risk under an intermediate change scenario. Under a most severe change scenario as many as 25 species are projected to lose almost all of their climatically suitable area, while a total of 53 species (77% of the 69 European species) would lose the main part of their suitable area.Climatic risks for bumblebees can be extremely high, depending on the future development of human society, and the corresponding effects on the climate. Strong mitigation strategies are needed to preserve this important species group and to ensure the sustainable provision of pollination services, to which they considerably contribute.
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