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- Andersson, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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An ice phase of lowest thermal conductivity
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 120:20, s. 9612-9617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On pressurizing at temperatures near 130 K, hexagonal and cubic ices transform implosively at 0.8–1 GPa. The phase produced on transformation has the lowest thermal conductivity among the known crystalline ices and its value decreases on increase in temperature. An ice phase of similar thermal conductivity is produced also when high-density amorphous ice kept at 1 GPa transforms on slow heating when the temperature reaches ∼155 K. These unusual formation conditions, the density and its distinguished thermal conductivity, all indicate that a distinct crystal phase of ice has been produced.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal conductivity of low-density amorphous ice
- 1994
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Ingår i: Solid State Communications. - : Elsevier. - 0038-1098 .- 1879-2766. ; 91:12, s. 985-988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal conductivity λ of low-density amorphous ice was measured using the transient hot-wire method in the temperature range 70–135 K at a pressure of 0.1 GPa. The amorphous state was formed at 135 K by pressurising hexagonal ice up to about 1 GPa. The results for λ are roughly temperature and pressure independent and in magnitude about 0.6 W m−1 K−1, which is roughly equal to λ for water. These results for λ of amorphous ice are several orders of magnitude larger than those reported recently for a specimen prepared by a vapour deposition technique.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal conductivity of normal and deuterated tetrahydrofuran clathrate hydrates
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 57:1, s. 125-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal conductivity λ of normal and deuterated tetrahydrofuran (THF) clathrate hydrates has been measured at temperatures in the range 55-250 K and at pressures up to 0.16 GPa. The normal and deuterated samples exhibited the same values of λ to within 5%. At isobaric heating, the transition from the proton ordered low temperature (LT) phase to the proton disordered high temperature (HT) phase was detected as a discontinuous decrease of λ by about 15% for both the normal and the deuterated samples. The magnitude is nearly the same as that found previously for the related transition phase XI → phase Ih of ice and might be due to a change in the lattice anharmonicity. The thermal conductivity of the LT and HT phases increased slightly with increasing temperature and, hence, these crystalline phases exhibited both a glass-like λ(T). These results can be described using the resonance scattering model in which the phonons are scattered against THF vibrations. The LT phase of both samples exhibited a slight increase of λ with increasing pressure whereas that of the HT phases was roughly independent of pressure, showing that λ does not depend on density.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal conductivity of the Ih and XI phases of ice
- 1994
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - : American Physical Society. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 50:10, s. 6583-6588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal conductivity λ of KOH-doped ice was measured using the transient hot-wire method at temperatures in the range 55–250 K and at pressures up to 0.15 GPa. With an isobaric increase of temperature at 0.08 GPa, λ decreased 17% at about 74 K. This decrease is associated with the known transition from ordered phase XI to phase Ih which exhibits orientational disorder of H2O. A model for λ indicates that the decrease of λ at the transition is due to an increase of the lattice anharmonicity which might be caused by the disorder in phase Ih. It was inferred from the temperature dependence of λ that phonon scattering in both phases Ih and XI is dominated by three phonon umklapp processes. At 58 K, λ of supercooled phase Ih decreased slightly with increasing pressure whereas λ of phase XI was independent of pressure.
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| 9. |
- Tutt, A. N. J., et al.
(författare)
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Adjuvant Olaparib for Patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-Mutated Breast Cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793. ; 384:25, s. 2394-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors target cancers with defects in homologous recombination repair by synthetic lethality. New therapies are needed to reduce recurrence in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation-associated early breast cancer. METHODS We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized trial involving patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer with BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and high-risk clinicopathological factors who had received local treatment and neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to 1 year of oral olaparib or placebo. The primary end point was invasive disease-free survival. RESULTS A total of 1836 patients underwent randomization. At a prespecified event-driven interim analysis with a median follow-up of 2.5 years, the 3-year invasive disease-free survival was 85.9% in the olaparib group and 77.1% in the placebo group (difference, 8.8 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.5 to 13.0; hazard ratio for invasive disease or death, 0.58; 99.5% CI, 0.41 to 0.82; P<0.001). The 3-year distant disease-free survival was 87.5% in the olaparib group and 80.4% in the placebo group (difference, 7.1 percentage points; 95% CI, 3.0 to 11.1; hazard ratio for distant disease or death, 0.57; 99.5% CI, 0.39 to 0.83; P<0.001). Olaparib was associated with fewer deaths than placebo (59 and 86, respectively) (hazard ratio, 0.68; 99% CI, 0.44 to 1.05; P=0.02); however, the between-group difference was not significant at an interim-analysis boundary of a P value of less than 0.01. Safety data were consistent with known side effects of olaparib, with no excess serious adverse events or adverse events of special interest. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with high-risk, HER2-negative early breast cancer and germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, adjuvant olaparib after completion of local treatment and neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer survival free of invasive or distant disease than was placebo. Olaparib had limited effects on global patient-reported quality of life.
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| 10. |
- Öjemalm, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Apolar surface area determines the efficiency of translocon-mediated membrane-protein integration into the endoplasmic reticulum
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 108:31, s. E359-E364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integral membrane proteins are integrated cotranslationally into the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum in a process mediated by the Sec61 translocon. Transmembrane α-helices in a translocating polypeptide chain gain access to the surrounding membrane through a lateral gate in the wall of the translocon channel [van den Berg B, et al. (2004) Nature427:36–44; Zimmer J, et al. (2008) Nature455:936–943; Egea PF, Stroud RM (2010)Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:17182–17187]. To clarify the nature of the membrane-integration process, we have measured the insertion efficiency into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of model hydrophobic segments containing nonproteinogenic aliphatic and aromatic amino acids. We find that an amino acid’s contribution to the apparent free energy of membrane-insertion is directly proportional to the nonpolar accessible surface area of its side chain, as expected for thermodynamic partitioning between aqueous and nonpolar phases. But unlike bulk-phase partitioning, characterized by a nonpolar solvation parameter of 23 cal∕ðmol · Å2Þ, the solvation parameter for transfer from translocon to bilayer is 6 –10 cal∕ðmol · Å2Þ, pointing to important differences between translocon-guided partitioning and simple water-to-membrane partitioning. Our results provide compelling evidence for a termodynamic partitioning model and insights into the physical properties of the translocon.
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