| 1. |
- Dong, Beibei, et al.
(författare)
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Negative emission potential from biomass/waste combined heat and power plants integrated with CO2 capture : An approach from the national perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrating carbon dioxide (CO2) capture in biomass or waste-fired combined heat and power (CHP) plants has been considered a key measure to achieve negative emissions. To support decision-making, an accurate assessment of the potential contribution and the associated cost from the national perspective is urgently needed. This paper proposed a bottom-up approach based on a dynamic modelling to evaluate the potental of nationwide negative emissions. As heat supply is often prioritized by CHP plants, unchanged heat generation is a prerequisite of this study. Two operating modes (OMs) for the integration of CO2 capture are investigated, which can represent the upper and lower boundaries of CO2 capture: OM1 aims to maximize the amount of captured CO2, while electricity generation can be sacrificed; OM2 aims to maximize the amount of captured CO2, while the electricity generation is maintained unchanged. Sweden is employed as a case study. Results show that operating CO2 capture in OM1 can achieve 8.7 million ton CO2 nationwide negative emissions a year, while operating CO2 capture in OM2 can generate 4.3 million ton CO2 positive emissions a year, which represents a reduction of 6.3 million tonCO2 a year compared with the reference plant without CO2 capture. The levelized costs of CO2 avoided are 36.9 USD/tonCO2 and 52.0 USD/tonCO2 for OM1 and OM2, respectively. The biogenic fraction of waste has a significant influence on negative emissions. According to the Swedish climate goal about bioenergy with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS), to achieve 3 million ton negative CO2 emissions a year, the minimum biogenic fractions should be 32.8% and 84.3% for operating CO2 capture in OM1 and OM2, respectively; in contrast, to achieve 10 million ton negative emissions a year, biomass and waste-fired CHP plants have to operate CO2 capture in OM1 and the biogenic fraction needs to be over 59.9%.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ning, Yuping, et al.
(författare)
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Optical simulation and preparation of novel Mo/ZrSiN/ZrSiON/SiO2 solar selective absorbing coating
- 2017
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 167, s. 178-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel Mo/ZrSiN/ZrSiON/SiO2 solar selective absorbing coating has been investigated, which was prepared by magnetron sputtering on stainless steel substrate. A high solar absorptance of 0.94 and a low thermal emittance of 0.06 at 25 degrees C were achieved. By proportionally decreasing the thicknesses of the ZrSiN, ZrSiON and SiO2 layers, the thermal emittance at 500 degrees C was decreased significantly from 0.19 to 0.12 (Delta epsilon = 0.07) while keeping the solar absorptance unchanged. The coating also showed high thermal stability at 500 degrees C in vacuum, implying that it is a promising candidate for high temperature concentrated solar power (CSP) applications.
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| 4. |
- Sharif, Umer, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture toughness analysis of aluminum (Al) foil and its adhesion with low-density polyethylene (lpde) in the packing industry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Coatings. - : MDPI. - 2079-6412. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liquid food packages consist of various polymers films, which are bonded together with Aluminum foil (Al-foil) using adhesion or by direct heat. The main aim of this research was to define important material properties such as fracture toughness and some FE-simulation material model parameters such as damage initiation, damage evolution, and the adhesion between Al-foil and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film. This investigation is based on both physical experiments and FE simulations in ABAQUS with and without initial cracks of different lengths for comparison purposes. The final FE model in ABAQUS was used to compare the numerical input parameters in an extensive study with the ambition to investigate the materials’ parameters in cases with or without adhesion between laminates. Finally, the relation between the theoretical and experimental results for Al-foil using linear elastic fracture mechanics and modified strip yield model were shown, and the fracture toughness was calculated for two different thicknesses of Al-foil. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 5. |
- Sun, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Capturing CO2 from Wood Fast Pyrolysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy Proceedings. - : Scanditale AB.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve the climate goal set by the Paris Agreement, negative emission technologies (NETs) will play an important role. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is one of the most promising of NETs. This work aims to find a suitable technology for capturing CO2 from fast pyrolysis, which include Monoethanolamine based chemical absorption (MEACC), temperature swing absorption (TSA) and calcium looping (CCL) are considered. By using validated models, the CO2 capture rate, CO2 purity and energy penalty are employed as key performance indicators to compare the performance of those technologies. It has been found that CCL has the highest CO2 purity, MEA-CC, TSA and CCL have similar CO2 capture rates and TSA has the lowest energy penalty. Results provide insights and suggestions about the selection of CO2 capture technology for pyrolysis.
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| 6. |
- Sun, Yingying, et al.
(författare)
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Technology selection for capturing CO2 from wood pyrolysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0196-8904 .- 1879-2227. ; 266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging negative emission technologies (NETs) are considered as effective measures to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to achieve the climate goal set by the Paris Agreement, and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is one of the most important NETs. Integrating CO2 capture with biomass pyrolysis (PyrCC) is attracting increasing interest, because biomass pyrolysis has been widely used to produce biooil to replace fossil fuel for decarbonizing the transport sector. In order to provide guidance to the selection of CO2 capture technologies, this paper evaluated the technical and economic performances of PyrCC when different CO2 capture technologies are integrated, including monoethanolamine-based chemical absorption (MEA-CA), temperature swing absorption (TSA), calcium looping (CaL), and chemical looping combustion (CLC). Generally speaking, CLC can realize the highest capture amount of CO2 with the lowest energy penalty. Meanwhile, CLC and CaL show the lowest levelized cost of CO2 (LCOC), which are around 56$/tCO(2); and on the contrary MEA-CA shows the highest one of 83 $/tCO(2). In addition, the key process parameter of pyrolysis, reaction time, has clear effects on the performance of CO2 capture as the longer reaction time leads to an increased amount of captured CO2 and reduced energy penalty. As a result, when the reaction time increases, the LCOCs of all assessed technologies decrease. Moreover, the net present value and the payback time are also estimated for different technologies. At the carbon price of 70.1$/tCO(2), MEA-CA and CLC show the longest and shortest payback time that are 5.9 years and 3.2 years respectively.
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| 7. |
- Wang, Shuo, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the CO2 capture potential for waste-fired CHP plants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of CO2 capture with biomass-fired power plants has attracted much attention due to its ability to achieve negative emissions. Waste-fired combined heat and power (CHP) plants with CO2 capture, on the other hand, has received little attention, and their potential remains unclear. This study aims to identify the possible range of the amount of captured CO2 and investigate the impact of CO2 capture on the performance of waste-fired CHP plants. Since heat is the primary product of CHP plants, it is important to maintain heat production unchanged when CO2 capture is integrated. Based on this prerequisite, two operating strategies (OS) were investigated, which correspond to the upper and lower boundaries of CO2 capture: OS1 was to maximize the amount of captured CO2 while keeping the heat supplied to the district heating (DH) network unchanged; and OS2 was to maximize CO2 capture while keeping both supplied heat and generated electricity unchanged. To obtain more accurate results regarding the CO2 capture, a dynamic model developed in Aspen Hysys™ was utilized to simulate monoethanolamine (MEA) based chemical absorption for CO2 capture. By using real dynamic data from a waste-fired CHP plant, dynamic simulation results showed that the highest amount of captured CO2, which was achieved in OS1, was 401 kton/year, corresponding to a CO2 capture ratio of 82%; while the lowest amount of captured CO2, which was achieved in OS2, was 99 kton/year, corresponding to a CO2 capture ratio of 20%. For OS1, the electricity generation was substantially decreased by 61%. When determining the negative emission, the emission resulted from the share of fossil fuel in the waste needs to be excluded. For the studied CHP plant, the fossil share was around 45%. As a result, only OS1 can achieve the negative emission, which was 181 kton/year; while OS2 still led to positive emissions. Compared to the plant without CO2 capture, the carbon intensity of heat was reduced from 0.405 ton/MWh to 0.091 ton/MWh in OS1 and 0.351 ton/MWh in OS2, while the carbon intensity of electricity was reduced from 0.409 ton/MWh to 0.072 ton/MWh in OS1 and 0.343 ton/MWh in OS2.
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| 8. |
- Yan, Beibei, et al.
(författare)
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Structures and stabilization of low calorific value gas turbulent partially premixed flames in a conical burner
- 2010
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Ingår i: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2286 .- 0894-1777. ; 34:3, s. 412-419
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiments are carried out on partially premixed turbulent flames stabilized in a conical burner. The investigated gaseous fuels are methane, methane diluted with nitrogen, and Mixtures of CH4, CO, CO2, H-2 and N-2, Simulating typical products from gasification of biomass, and co-firing of gasification gas with methane. The fuel and air are partially premixed in concentric tubes. Flame stabilization behavior is investigated and significantly different stabilization characteristics are observed in flames with and without the cone. Planar laser induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging of a fuel-tracer species, acetone, and OH radicals is carried out to characterize the flame structures. Large eddy simulations of the conical flames are carried out to gain further understanding of the flame/flow interaction in the cone. The data show that the flames with the cone are more stable than those without the cone. Without the cone (i.e. jet burner) the critical jet velocities for blowoff and liftoff of biomass derived gases are higher than that for methane/nitrogen mixture with the same heating values, indicating the enhanced flame stabilization by hydrogen in the mixture. With the cone the stability of flames is not sensitive to the compositions of the fuels, owing to the different flame stabilization mechanism in the conical flames than that in the jet flames. From the PLIF images it is shown that in the conical burner, the flame is stabilized by the cone at nearly the same position for different fuels. From large eddy simulations, the flames are shown to be controlled by the recirculation flows inside cone, which depends on the cone angle, but less sensitive to the fuel compositions and flow speed. The flames tend to be hold in the recirculation zones even at very high flow speed. Flame blowoff occurs when significant local extinction in the main body of the flame appears at high turbulence intensities. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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