| 1. |
- Chen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Service evaluation of public bicycle scheme from a user perspective
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Record. - : National Research Council. - 0361-1981 .- 2169-4052. ; 2634, s. 28-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In late 2005, in an attempt to solve the last-mile problem, China started implementing public bikesharing programs. The effort quickly grew to a massive scale. An estimated 400,000 public bicycles now are in use in China, which is more than in all other countries that have implemented public bicycle schemes (PBSs). As with any emerging service that develops rapidly, an understanding of user behavior and satisfaction is lacking. Factors that influence the frequency of public bicycle use were studied in Hangzhou, China. Online and intercept surveys were conducted with PBS users. Willingness to use the PBS as well as satisfaction with and concerns about the PBS were investigated. Analysis of variance was conducted to identify the six factors that affect a user's decision to rent: car ownership, bicycle ownership, travel purpose, having or lacking familiarity with the rental process, level of satisfaction with the PBS, and level of familiarity with the distribution of docking stations. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to elucidate details of key factors in the group of most frequent users-that is, survey respondents who did not own a car, rented a bicycle primarily for shopping or going out for business, and were familiar with the rental process and the distribution of docking stations. Based on study findings, advice is presented for implementing policy in developing countries. Suggestions include publicizing the PBS more, attracting more commuters to bicycling to reduce congestion, enhancing the accessibility of docking stations to accommodate more potential users, and improving bicycle quality to encourage more participation and make it easier for elderly citizens to participate.
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| 2. |
- Gui, Xinru, et al.
(författare)
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Identification and validation of volatile organic compounds in bile for differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early and differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCCA) is highly challenging. This study aimed to evaluate whether volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bile samples could be emerging diagnostic biomarkers for PHCCA. We collected 200 bile samples from patients with PHCCA and benign biliary diseases (BBD), including a 140-patient training cohort and an 60-patient test cohort. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spec-trometry (GC-IMS) was used for VOCs detection. The predictive models were constructed using machine learning algorithms. Our analysis detected 19 VOC substances using GC-IMS in the bile samples and resulted in the identification of three new VOCs, 2-methoxyfuran, propyl isovalerate, and diethyl malonate that were found in bile. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis supported that VOCs detected in the bile could distinguish PHCCA from BBD. Twelve VOCs defined according to 32 signal peaks had significant statistical significance between BBD and PHCCA, including four up-regulated VOCs in PHCCA, such as 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, propyl iso-valerate, cyclohexanone, and acetophenone, while the rest eight VOCs were down-regulated. ROC curve analysis revealed that machine learning models based on VOCs could help diagnosing PHCCA. Among them, SVM pro-vided the highest AUC of 0.966, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.1% and 100%, respectively. The diag-nostic model based on different VOC spectra could be a feasible method for the differential diagnosis of PHCCA.
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| 3. |
- Li, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma-derived extracellular vesicles exert an oncogenic role by activating cancer-associated fibroblasts
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cell Death Discovery. - : Springer Nature. - 2058-7716. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a fast-increasing cancer with metastatic potential. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication, particularly in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we report that cSCC cells secrete an increased number of EVs relative to normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and that interfering with the capacity of cSCC to secrete EVs inhibits tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft model of human cSCC. Transcriptome analysis of tumor xenografts by RNA-sequencing enabling the simultaneous quantification of both the human and the mouse transcripts revealed that impaired EV-production of cSCC cells prominently altered the phenotype of stromal cells, in particular genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM)-formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In line with these results, co-culturing of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) with cSCC cells, but not with normal keratinocytes in vitro resulted in acquisition of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype. Interestingly, EVs derived from metastatic cSCC cells, but not primary cSCCs or NHEKs, were efficient in converting HDFs to CAFs. Multiplex bead-based flow cytometry assay and mass-spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analyses revealed the heterogenous cargo of cSCC-derived EVs and that especially EVs derived from metastatic cSCCs carry proteins associated with EV-biogenesis, EMT, and cell migration. Mechanistically, EVs from metastatic cSCC cells result in the activation of TGFβ signaling in HDFs. Altogether, our study suggests that cSCC-derived EVs mediate cancer-stroma communication, in particular the conversion of fibroblasts to CAFs, which eventually contribute to cSCC progression.
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| 4. |
- Li, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Long non-coding RNA PVT1 is overexpressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and exon 2 is critical for its oncogenicity : Long non-coding RNA PVT1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common and fastest increasing forms of cancer worldwide with metastatic potential. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNA-molecules with essential regulatory functions for both physiological and pathological processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the function and mode of action of lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in cSCC.MethodsThe expression level of PVT1 was quantified in normal skin, premalignant skin lesion actinic keratosis (AK) and cSCCs by qRT-PCR and single molecule in situ hybridization. The function of PVT1 in cSCC was investigated both in vivo (tumour xenograft) and in vitro (competitive cell growth assay, EdU-incorporation assay, colony formation assay and tumour spheroid formation assay) by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the entire PVT1 locus or PVT1 exon 2, and by locked nucleic acid (LNA) GapmeR-mediated PVT1-knockdown. RNA-seq-analysis was conducted to identify genes and processes regulated by PVT1.ResultsWe identified PVT1 as a lncRNA upregulated in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ (cSCCIS) and cSCC and associated with oncogenic phenotype of cSCC. The increased expression of PVT1 in cSCC was regulated by MYC. Both CRISPR-Cas9-deletion of the entire PVT1 locus and LNA GapmeR-mediated knockdown of PVT1-transcript impaired the malignant behaviour of cSCC cells which suggested that PVT1 is an oncogenic transcript in cSCC. Furthermore, knockout of PVT1 exon 2 inhibited cSCC tumour growth both in vivo and in vitro demonstrating that exon 2 is a critical element for the oncogenic role of PVT1. Mechanistically, we showed that PVT1 was localized in the cell nucleus and acted as a suppressor of cellular senescence by inhibiting CDKN1A expression and preventing cell cycle arrest.ConclusionsOur study reveals a previously unrecognized role for exon 2 of PVT1 in its oncogenic role and that PVT1 suppresses cellular senescence in cSCC. PVT1 may be a biomarker and therapeutic target in cSCC.
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| 5. |
- Li, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 is overexpressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and exon 2 is critical for its oncogenicity
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 190:3, s. 415-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common and fastest increasing forms of cancer worldwide with metastatic potential. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules with essential regulatory functions in both physiological and pathological processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the function and mode of action of lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in cSCC.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and single-molecule in situ hybridization were used to quantify the expression level of PVT1 in normal skin, premalignant skin lesions, actinic keratosis (AK) and primary and metastatic cSCCs. The function of PVT1 in cSCC was investigated both in vivo (tumour xenografts) and in vitro (competitive cell growth assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, colony formation assay and tumour spheroid formation assay) upon CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the entire PVT1 locus, the knockout of exon 2 of PVT1, and locked nucleic acid (LNA) gapmer-mediated PVT1 knockdown. RNA sequencing analysis was conducted to identify genes and processes regulated by PVT1.ResultsWe identified PVT1 as a lncRNA upregulated in cSCC in situ and cSCC, associated with the malignant phenotype of cSCC. We showed that the expression of PVT1 in cSCC was regulated by MYC. Both CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of the entire PVT1 locus and LNA gapmer-mediated knockdown of PVT1 transcript impaired the malignant behaviour of cSCC cells, suggesting that PVT1 is an oncogenic transcript in cSCC. Furthermore, knockout of PVT1 exon 2 inhibited cSCC tumour growth both in vivo and in vitro, demonstrating that exon 2 is a critical element for the oncogenic role of PVT1. Mechanistically, we showed that PVT1 was localized in the cell nucleus and its deletion resulted in cellular senescence, increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21/CDKN1A) expression and cell cycle arrest.ConclusionsOur study revealed a previously unrecognized role for exon 2 of PVT1 in its oncogenic role and that PVT1 suppresses cellular senescence in cSCC. PVT1 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cSCC.
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| 6. |
- Li, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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PVT1 regulates the nuclear export of polyadenylated RNAs through interacting with TREX complex
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PVT1 is known to be involved in the development and progression of several types of cancer. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which PVT1 contributes to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) promotion. RNA-seq data obtained from PVT1 exon2 knockout (PVT1 E2KO) cells suggested that PVT1 exerts functions in regulating RNA processing. Comprehensive identification of RNA-binding proteins by mass spectrometry (ChIRP-ms) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays indicated that PVT1 interacts with the subunits (UAP56, URH49 and Aly) of the TRanscription and EXport (TREX) complex, an evolutionarily conserved complex coupling mRNA biogenesis from transcription to nucleus export. Single molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that the exon2 of PVT1 and UAP56 are responsible for the nuclear localization of PVT1 transcripts as demonstrated by diffuse cytoplasmic localization of PVT1 transcripts in both PVT1 E2KO and UAP56 knockout (UAP56KO) cells. Notably, we show that PVT1 is indispensable for the export of poly (A)+ RNAs from cell nucleus to cytoplasm and that poly (A)+ RNAs are accumulated in the nuclear speckles of PVT1 E2KO cells. PVT1 exon 2-deletion also resulted in cytokinesis failure which is characterized by multinucleated cell formation. One of the nuclear accumulated RNAs in PVT1 exon 2-deleted cells is Lamin B1 mRNA, whose reduction is associated with cellular senescence. Impaired export of Lamin B1 mRNA to cytoplasm decreased the expression level of Lamin B1 protein in PVT1 E2KO cells and promoted the progress of cellular senescence. Taken together, our study uncovered a previously unknown role of PVT1 in the nuclear export of poly (A)+ RNAs.
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| 7. |
- Liu, Chengxi, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of residential housing policy on car ownership and trip chaining behaviour in Hangzhou, China
- 2018
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 62, s. 125-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China has recently initialised affordable housing policies to provide low rent housings for medium and low income households aiming to satisfy the growing demand in the housing market. The travel behaviour of residents in these two different types of housing is likely to differ, since public housing tenants have a limited choice of residential location, as the location of low-rent housing is fixed, while residents in commodity housing are able to take their travel patterns into account in choosing their housing location. Therefore, this paper investigates the differences in car ownership and trip chaining behaviour arising from living in different types of residential housing. The self-selection bias caused by the differences in the observed individual and household characteristics is partially controlled by a propensity score matching approach. The study further considers the endogenous effect of car ownership on travel chaining behaviour, thus controlling for the self-selection bias at car ownership level. The results show that residents in private commodity housing are more likely to own a car than those in low-rent housing with similar individual and household characteristics. Different life cycle stages play a vital role in car ownership after self-selection in residential housing has been taken into account. Living in private commodity housing has a direct negative effect on trip chaining complexity, after controlling for endogenous car ownership, although this effect is offset by the tendency for private commodity housing owners to do complex trip chaining because they have one or more cars.
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| 8. |
- Sun, Chengxi, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of Endogenous Promoter-Driven Luciferase Reporter System Using CRISPR/Cas9 for Investigating Transcriptional Regulation of the Core Clock Gene BMAL1
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biomedicines. - : MDPI. - 2227-9059. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans and other organisms are continuously exposed to thousands of chemicals through the atmosphere, drinking water, food, or direct contact. A large proportion of such chemicals are present in very low concentrations and may have synergistic effects, even at their no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). Complex mixtures of contaminants are very difficult to assess by traditional toxicological methods. There is increasing attention on how different pollutants induce adverse physiological functions in the human body through effects on the circadian rhythm. However, it is very difficult to screen for compounds with circadian-rhythm-disrupting effects from a large number of chemicals or their complex mixtures. We established a stable firefly luciferase reporter gene knock-in U2-OS cell line by CRISPR/Cas9 to screen circadian-rhythm-disrupting pollutants. The luciferase gene was inserted downstream of the core clock gene BMAL1 and controlled by an endogenous promoter. Compared to detection systems using exogenous promoters, these cells enable the detection of compounds that interfere with the circadian rhythm system mediated by BMAL1 gene expression. The U2-OS knock-in cells showed BMAL1 and luciferase activity had parallel changes when treated with BMAL1 inhibitor and activator. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter gene has high sensitivity and is faster and more cost-effective than classic toxicology methods. The knock-in cell line can be used for high-throughput and efficient screening of circadian-rhythm-disrupting chemicals such as drugs and pollutants.
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| 9. |
- Sun, Chengxi, et al.
(författare)
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MicroRNA-23b Plays a Tumor-Suppressive Role in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Targets Ras-Related Protein RRAS2
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 143:12, s. 2386-2396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer with metastatic potential. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this study, we report that miR23b is downregulated in cSCCs and in actinic keratosis and that its expression is regulated by the MAPK signaling pathway. We show that miR-23b suppresses the expression of a gene network associated with key oncogenic pathways and that the miR-23b-gene signature is enriched in human cSCCs. miR-23b decreased the expression of FGF2 both at mRNA and protein levels and impaired the angiogenesis-inducing ability of cSCC cells. miR23b overexpression suppressed the capacity of cSCC cells to form colonies and spheroids, whereas the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of MIR23B resulted in increased colony and tumor sphere formation in vitro. In accordance with this, miR-23b-overexpressing cSCC cells formed significantly smaller tumors upon injection into immunocompromised mice with decreased cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, we verify RRAS2 as a direct target of miR-23b in cSCC. We show that RRAS2 is overexpressed in cSCC and that interference with its expression impairs angiogenesis and colony and tumorsphere formation. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-23b acts in a tumor-suppressive manner in cSCC, and its expression is decreased during squamous carcinogenesis.
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| 10. |
- Sun, Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile Technology and Studies on Transport Behavior : A Literature Analysis, Integrated Research Model, and Future Research Agenda
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mobile Information Systems. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1574-017X .- 1875-905X. ; 2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of mobile technology has been significant in transport research. Despite a growing application spectrum of smartphone uses and interests in mobility inference, little effort has been put into discussing theories, models, and research topics based on a systematic study of scholarly sources rooted in the interdisciplinary area of mobile technology and transport. Therefore, a timely and comprehensive synthesis of the current state of research is deemed to be required. A literature analysis, following PRISMA guidelines, aims to identify the successful development and implementation of the mobile technology that can be employed for behavior studies in transport. A review of the Web of Science Core Collections, JSTOR and SAGE databases, is performed. A rigorous screening process is used to collect key articles to construct the general image of existing knowledge. In addition, this study suggests an integrated research model to summarize how previous studies attain behavioral outcomes and a research agenda to identify unresolved research questions that future research can address. Two hundred fourty-eight papers meet the inclusion criteria. This study demonstrates that mobile technology is helpful for a better understanding of the various types of transport behaviors. They can be categorized according to their system designs and research topics: (1) Smartphone apps in sustainable transport and travel planning were studied in a remarkable collection of articles. (2) As individual's mobility was under question, cellular signaling data were prominent for the formulation of analytical models. (3) CDRs, WiFi, and GPS data have increasingly been used, but the share of the modeling techniques for all mobile information systems has remained low. It shows that system designers could supply more desirable and appealing features in most areas. However, applications for the movement of goods are limited, although freighting has moved toward digitalization. © 2021 Yan Sun et al.
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