| 1. |
- Sundell, Anna Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Body Mass Index and Association With Caries in School-Aged Children With Orofacial Cleft : A Case-Control Study.
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1055-6656 .- 1545-1569. ; 57:2, s. 169-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in children with orofacial clefts are sparse. Therefore, studies on the impact of BMI on caries frequency in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are of importance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between BMI and frequency of dental caries in children with and without CL/P. Height, weight, and BMI in children with CL/P were also compared to controls.DESIGN: This study used a cross-sectional case-control design.PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and thirty-nine 5- and 10-year-old children with CL/P and 299 age-matched controls.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Caries was recorded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Height and weight were recorded, and BMI was calculated as weight/height2.RESULTS: There was no correlation between BMI and caries frequency. Weight, height, and BMI were significantly lower in all children with CL/P compared to controls. After adjustment for international adoption, only BMI was significantly lower in CL/P children compared to controls. Non-adopted children with CL/P were significantly heavier and longer than adopted children with CL/P.CONCLUSIONS: Five- and 10-year-old children with corrected CL/P seemed to have a lower BMI than controls, but there was no association between BMI and caries frequency. Internationally adopted children with CL/P were lighter and shorter than non-adopted CL/P children and controls.
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| 2. |
- Sundell, Anna Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Caries prevalence and enamel defects in 5-and 10-year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate: A case-control study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 74:2, s. 90-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To determine the prevalence of dental caries and enamel defects in 5- and 10-year-old Swedish children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL(P)) in comparison to non-cleft controls. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 139 children with CL(P) (80 subjects aged 5 years and 59 aged 10 years) and 313 age-matched non-cleft controls. All children were examined by one of two calibrated examiners. Caries was scored according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) and enamel defects as presence and frequency of hypoplasia and hypomineralization. Results. The caries prevalence among the 5-year-old CL(P) children and the non-cleft controls was 36% and 18%, respectively (p < 0.05). The CL(P) children had higher caries frequency (initial and cavitated lesions) in the primary dentition than their controls (1.2 vs 0.9; p < 0.05). A significantly higher prevalence of enamel defects was found in CL(P) children of both age groups and anterior permanent teeth were most commonly affected. Conclusions. Preschool children with cleft lip and/or palate seem to have more caries in the primary dentition than age-matched non-cleft controls. Enamel defects were more common in CL(P) children in both age groups.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Angelhoff, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring hair cortisol concentration, insomnia symptoms and quality of life in preschool children with severe early childhood caries–a case-control pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 81:7, s. 508-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study aimed to 1) investigate the relationships between hair cortisol concentration (HCC), insomnia symptoms, Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in preschool children with severe early childhood caries, 2) compare HCC, insomnia symptoms, HRQoL and OHRQoL in preschool children with severe early childhood caries with these factors in children without clinical signs of dental caries, and 3) explore correlations between caries scores and HCC, insomnia symptoms, HRQoL and OHRQoL.Material and Methods: A case-control pilot study, including 12 children with severe early childhood caries and 28 controls, aged 3-5 years. Dental examination was performed and hair samples for cortisol were taken. Parents filled out questionnaires about their child’s insomnia symptoms, HRQoL and OHRQoL. Interpreters were used in families with language difficulties.Results: The key findings in this pilot study were tendencies that children with severe early childhood caries had more insomnia symptoms, and poorer OHRQoL than the controls. Caries scores was correlated with insomnia symptoms and OHRQoL.Conclusions: Dentists should include questions about the child’s sleep when they see the child, as insomnia related to dental caries may lead to several physical, mental, and social problems.
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| 5. |
- Angelhoff, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish translation and validation of the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2431. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child's sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for children. The aims of the study were to (1) present a Swedish translation of the PISI, (2) examine the factor structure of the Swedish version of PISI, and test the reliability and validity of the PISI factor structure in a sample of healthy children in Sweden.Methods: The English version of the PISI was translated into Swedish, translated back into English, and agreed upon before use. Parents of healthy 3- to 10-year-old children filled out the Swedish version of the PISI and the generic health-related quality of life instrument KIDSCREEN-27 two times. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for baseline and test-retest, structural equation modelling, and correlations between the PISI and KIDSCREEN-27 were performed.Results: In total, 160 parents filled out baseline questionnaires (test), whereof 100 parents (63%) filled out the follow-up questionnaires (retest). Confirmative factor analysis of the PISI found two correlated factors: sleep onset problems (SOP) and sleep maintenance problems (SMP). The PISI had substantial construct and test-retest reliability. The PISI factors were related to all KIDSCREEN-27 dimensions.Conclusions: The Swedish version of the PISI is applicable for screening sleep problems and is a useful aid in dialogues with families about sleep.
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| 6. |
- Björksved, Margitha, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Closed vs open surgical exposure of palatally displaced canines : surgery time, postoperative complications, and patients' perceptions
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 40:6, s. 626-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Closed and open surgical techniques are two different main approaches to surgical exposure of palatally displaced canines (PDCs). Because there is insufficient evidence to support one technique over the other, there is a need for randomized controlled trials.Objectives: To compare surgery time, complications and patients' perceptions between closed and open surgical techniques in PDCs.Trial design: The trial was a multicentre, randomized, controlled trial with two parallel groups randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio.Material and methods: Study participants were 119 consecutive patients from 3 orthodontic centres, with PDCs planned for surgical exposure, randomly allocated according to a computer-generated randomization list, using concealed allocation. Full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap was raised, and bone covering the canine was removed in both interventions. In closed exposure, an attachment with a chain was bonded to the canine and the flap was sutured back with the chain penetrating the mucosa. In open exposure, a window of tissue around the tooth was removed and glass ionomer cement placed on the canine crown, to prevent gingival overgrowth during spontaneous eruption. Patient perceptions were assessed with two questionnaires, for the evening on the day of operation and 7 days post-surgery.Blinding: It was not possible to blind either patients or care providers to the interventions. The outcome assessors were blinded and were unaware of patients' intervention group.Results: Seventy-five girls and 44 boys, mean age 13.4 years (SD 1.46) participated in the study and got either of the interventions (closed exposure, n = 60; open exposure, n = 59). Surgery time did not differ significantly between the interventions. Complications though were more severe in bilateral cases and the patients experienced more pain and impairment in the open group.Conclusion: There were no statistically significant differences regarding surgery time between the groups. Postoperative complications were similar between the groups in unilateral PDCs, but more common in the open group in bilateral cases. More patients in the open group experienced pain and impairment compared to the closed group.Trial registration: Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02186548 and Researchweb.org, ID: 127201.
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| 7. |
- Ekstrand, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma atropine concentrations associated with decreased intestinal motility in horses
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Veterinary Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-1769. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionAtropine is an essential part of the treatment protocol for equine uveitis. Topical atropine administration has been associated with decreased intestinal motility and abdominal pain in horses. Experimental studies have indicated that frequent dosing is associated with a higher risk than dosing every 6 h. Unfortunately, no quantitative pharmacodynamic data for inhibition of the equine gut are published. Materials and methodsEight standardbred horses were assigned to receive either atropine or saline (control) to be infused over 30 min in a two-treatment cross-over design. Atropine concentrations in plasma were measured using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Intestinal motility was measured using borborygmi frequency and electrointestinography (EIG). Experimental data were analyzed using a non-linear mixed effects model. The model was then used to simulate different dosing regimens. ResultsAtropine significantly decreased borborygmi response and EIG response. Six horses developed clinical signs of abdominal pain. The pharmacokinetic typical values were 0.31, 1.38, 0.69, and 1.95 L/kg center dot h for the volumes of the central, the highly perfused, the scarcely perfused compartments, and the total body clearance, respectively. The pharmacodynamic typical values were 0.31 mu g/L and 0.6 and 207 nV(2)7 cpm for the plasma concentration at 50% of the maximum response and the maximum response and the baseline of cecal EIG response, respectively. Six different dosing regimens of topical atropine sulfate to the eye (0.4 and 1 mg every hour, every 3 h, and every 6 h) were simulated. ConclusionThe IV PK/PD data coupled with simulations predict that administration of 1 mg of topical atropine sulfate administered to the eye every hour or every 3 h will lead to atropine accumulation in plasma and decreased intestinal myoelectric activity. Administration every 6 h predicted a safe dosing regimen in full-sized horses. Clinical studies would be valuable to confirm the conclusions. For smaller equids and horses put at risk for colic due to othercauses, droplet bottles that deliver 40 mu l of 1% atropine sulfate per drop or less may be used to lower the risk further.
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| 8. |
- Lena Sundell, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing caries risk profiles between 5-and 10-year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate and non-cleft controls
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6831. ; 15:85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies have suggested that children with oral clefts may have higher caries prevalence in comparison with non-cleft controls but the relative importance of the potential risk factors is not clear. The aim of this study was to compare the caries risk profiles in a group of cleft lip and/or palate (CL(P)) children with non-cleft controls in the same age using a computerized caries risk assessment model. Methods: The study group consisted of 133 children with CL(P) (77 subjects aged 5 years and 56 aged 10 years) and 297 non-cleft controls (133 aged 5 years and 164 aged 10 years). A questionnaire was used to collect data concerning the childs oral hygiene routines, dietary habits and fluoride exposure. Oral hygiene was assessed using Quigley-Hein plaque Index and the caries prevalence and frequency was scored according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Whole saliva samples were analyzed for mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, buffering capacity and secretion rate. The risk factors and risk profiles were compared between the groups with aid of Cariogram and the estimated risk for future caries was categorized as "high" or "low". Results: Children with CL(P) (the entire study group) had significantly higher counts of salivary lactobacilli (p less than 0.05) and displayed less good oral hygiene (p less than 0.05). More 10-year-old children in the CL(P) group had low secretion rate but this difference was not significant. The average chance to avoid caries ranged from 59 to 67 % but there were no significant differences between the groups. The odds of being categorized with high caries risk in the CL(P) group was significantly elevated (OR = 1.89; 95 % CI = 1.25-2.86). In both groups, children in the high risk category had a higher caries experience than those with low risk. Conclusion: Children with CL(P) displayed increased odds of being categorized at high caries risk with impaired oral hygiene and elevated salivary lactobacilli counts as most influential factors. The results suggest that a caries risk assessment model should be applied in the routine CL(P) care as a basis for the clinical decision-making and implementation of primary and secondary caries prevention.
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| 9. |
- Sundell, Anna Lena, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of orofacial profiles in 5- and 10-year-old Swedish children with and without cleft lip and/or palate
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 23:3, s. 1341-1347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess orofacial profiles in 5- and 10-year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) compared to controls and to estimate a possible association between orofacial dysfunction and caries frequency.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 133 children with CL/P (77 5-year-olds and 56 10-year-olds) and 308 controls (142 5-year-olds and 166 10-year-olds) were included in the study. Orofacial function was evaluated with Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S), and caries were scored according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS).RESULTS: The total NOT-S score was higher in children with CL/P compared to controls (mean 3.2 vs 0.9, p < 0.001). The domains frequently scored in CL/P children were speech (82%), face at rest (72%), and facial expression (58%). There was a significantly positive correlation between NOT-S scores and caries frequency.CONCLUSIONS: Children with CL/P have impaired orofacial function compared to controls. There seems to be a correlation between orofacial function and caries.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Impaired orofacial function seen in children with CL/P can be one of many risk factors for caries development, and it is suggested to be a part of caries risk assessment.
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| 10. |
- Sundell, Anna Lena, 1970-
(författare)
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Children with orofacial clefts : dental caries and health-related quality of life
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background. The current understanding on caries and enamel developmental defects prevalence and frequency, caries risk, health-related quality life (HRQoL) and stress response in young children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are sparse. In this thesis these aspects were investigated in 5- and 10- year-old children with CL/P in comparison to non-cleft children in the same ages.Design. The studies in this thesis have a cross-sectional case-control design. Participants. The study group consisted of 139 children with CL/P (80 children aged 5 years and 59 aged 10 years) and 313 non-cleft controls (144 children aged 5 years and 169 aged 10 years).Method. Caries was scored according to International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) and developmental enamel defects were measured as presence and frequency of hypoplasia and hypomineralization. Oral hygiene was assessed using Quigley-Hein plaque index. Stimulated saliva samples were analyzed for mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, buffering capacity and secretion rates. Information regarding children’s oral hygiene routines, dietary habits and fluoride exposure were collected with questionnaires. Caries risk was evaluated with algorithm-based software, Cariogram while HRQoL was perceived with KIDSCREEN-52. Stress response was analyzed with cortisol concentration in saliva at three different time points using a commercial competitive radioimmunoassay.Results. Caries prevalence (36% versus 18%) and caries frequency (1.2 dmfs versus 0.9 dmfs) was significantly higher in 5-year-old children with CL/P in comparison to non-cleft controls. In 10-yearolds no significant difference was found between children with CL/P and non-cleft controls in caries prevalence (47% versus 38%) or in caries frequency (0.7 DMFS versus 0.5 DMFS). Children with CL/P had significantly higher prevalence of enamel defects, higher counts of salivary lactobacilli and less good oral hygiene. The odds of being categorized with high caries risk were elevated in children with CL/P. Children with CL/P had similar HRQoL and salivary cortisol concentrations as non-cleft controls. However, 10-year-old boys with CL/P had significantly higher cortisol concentrations in the evening than non-cleft boys.Conclusions. Preschool children with CL/P seem to have more caries in the primary dentition than non-cleft controls. Children with CL/P had increased odds of being categorized as high caries risk individuals compared to controls. Some of the contributing factors seem to be higher prevalence of enamel defects, impaired oral hygiene and elevated salivary lactobacilli. Furthermore, as measured with the help of cortisol concentrations in saliva, children with CL/P were not more stressed than noncleft controls and their HRQoL was comparable to a European norm population. It appears that regular comprehensive preventive oral care in children with CL/P is effective in preventing caries development in permanent teeth. However, children with CL/P are at risk of caries development and preventive oral care should be implemented and started earlier than today.
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