| 1. |
- Langensee, L, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive performance in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Rheumatology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2520-1026. ; 6, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous research has provided evidence for cognitive dysfunction as a common symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In light of this, the primary goal of this study was to investigate how cognitive impairment in this patient group develops over time. In addition, the present dataset contributes to delineating the specific abilities that are impaired in SLE patients as well as answering the question whether the disease affects the cognition of SLE patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations (NPSLE) and without (non-NPSLE) in distinct ways.METHODS: 91 female participants (33 NPSLE, 29 non-NPSLE, 29 healthy controls (HC)) underwent standardized neurocognitive testing. A total of ten different cognitive abilities were assessed, among others executive function, memory, and attention. Some of the participants (30 NPSLE patients, 22 non-NPSLE, 13 HC) were tested twice (mean time between testing sessions: 50 months) to enable longitudinal tracking of cognitive abilities. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to determine whether cognitive performance differed cross-sectionally between the groups. Linear mixed effects models were fit to investigate performance differences between the groups over time.RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis at follow-up demonstrated that the cognitive performance of both NPSLE and non-NPSLE was significantly lower than that of HC for the motor speed and the psychomotor speed domain. Additionally, NPSLE patients performed significantly weaker than HC in the complex attention domain. At the same time, the cross-sectional data did not yield any support for performance differences between NPSLE and non-NPSLE patients. Weak positive correlations between disease duration and psychomotor speed, motor speed and reaction time emerged. A temporal progression of cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients was not confirmed.CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive performance is affected in both non-NPSLE and NPSLE patients. However, a linear decline in performance over time could not be verified. More in-depth longitudinal assessments of cognition in SLE patients are needed to establish how cognitive abilities in this patient population develop over time.
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| 2. |
- Maly, P, et al.
(författare)
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Neural tolerance of the non-ionic dimers iodixanol and iotrolan and the non-ionic monomer iopamidol during myelography in non-anaesthetised rabbits
- 1995
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - 0284-1851. ; 36:6, s. 8-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The neural tolerance of the recently introduced dimer iodixanol (320 g I/l) was compared with that of the dimer iotrolan (300 g I/l) and of the monomer iopamidol (300 g I/l), both used in clinical myelography.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-anaesthetised rabbits were injected into the cisterna magna with Ringer's solution (control) or contrast media (CM) at doses of 1.0 or 0.5 ml/kg b.w. The behaviour of the animals (10 in each of 7 groups) was evaluated for signs of excitation and depression during the first 3 hours after injection.RESULTS: At the dose level of 1.0 ml/kg b.w., iodixanol produced no seizures but did cause focal twitching in 4/10 rabbits. Iopamidol produced grand mal seizures in 2/10 and hyperexcitability in 4/10 rabbits. Iotrolan produced generalised grand mal seizures in 8/10 rabbits, an incidence of excitation significantly greater than that of iodixanol (p < 0.01) and iopamidol (p < 0.05). The excitative effects of iodixanol were not significantly different from those of iopamidol and Ringer's solution. All 3 CM produced similar depressive effects on rabbit behaviour. Ringer's solution caused no depressive effects (p < 0.01). A clear dose response was produced with all 3 CM after treatment with a lower dose of 0.5 ml/kg b.w.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the neural tolerance in the rabbit of iodixanol is higher than that of iotrolan, and is at least equal to that of iopamidol.
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| 3. |
- Pougeoise, E., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study of the lasing modes of 1.3-ÎŒm highly strained InGaAs-GaAs quantum-well oxide-confined VCSELs
- 2009
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 21:6, s. 377-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an experimental study of the main modes involved in the emission properties of InGaAs-GaAs quantum-well oxide-confined long wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. Lasing properties are dominated by the so-called "oxide modes" and by aperture modes, respectively, for small and large driving currents. We present complementary investigations of the laser emission including far-field angular distribution and spectroscopic near-field optical microscopy to a better understanding of the nature of the "oxide modes."
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| 4. |
- Pougeoise, E., et al.
(författare)
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Strained InGaAs quantum well vertical cavity surface emitting lasers emitting at 1.3 mu m
- 2006
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Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 42:10, s. 584-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results on strained InGaAs quantum well vertical cavity surface emitting lasers for optical interconnection applications are reported. Fundamental mode continuous-wave lasing at wavelengths beyond 1300 nm is demonstrated at room temperature. The metal-organic vapour-phase epitaxy grown structure was processed as top p-type distribute Bragg reflector oxide-confined devices.
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| 5. |
- Balestrino, R, et al.
(författare)
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Applications of the European Parkinson's Disease Association sponsored Parkinson's Disease Composite Scale (PDCS)
- 2019
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Ingår i: NPJ Parkinson's disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2373-8057. ; 5, s. 26-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was addressed to determine the presence of Parkinson disease (PD) manifestations, their distribution according to motor subtypes, and the relationships with health-related quality of life (QoL) using the recently validated European Parkinson’s Disease Association sponsored Parkinson’s Disease Composite Scale (PDCS). Frequency of symptoms was determined by the scores of items (present if >0). Using ROC analysis and Youden method, MDS-UPDRS motor subtypes were projected on the PDCS to achieve a comparable classification based on the PDCS scores. The same method was used to estimate severity levels from other measures in the study. The association between the PDCS and QoL (PDQ-39) was analyzed by correlation and multiple linear regression. The sample consisted of 776 PD patients. We found that the frequency of PD manifestations with PDCS and MDS-UPDRS were overlapping, the average difference between scales being 5.5% only. Using the MDS-UPDRS subtyping, 215 patients (27.7%) were assigned as Tremor Dominant (TD), 60 (7.7%) Indeterminate, and 501 (64.6%) Postural Instability and Gait Difficulty (PIGD) in this cohort. With this classification as criterion, the analogous PDCS-based ratio provided these cut-off values: TD subtype, ≥1.06; Indeterminate, <1.06 but >0.65; and PIGD, <0.65. The agreement between the two scales on this classification was substantial (87.6%; kappa = 0.69). PDCS total score cut-offs for PD severity were: 23/24 for mild/moderate and 41/42 for moderate/severe. Moderate to high correlations (r = 0.35–0.80) between PDCS and PDQ-39 were obtained, and the four PDCS domains showed a significant independent influence on QoL. The conclusions are: (1) the PDCS assessed the frequency of PD symptoms analogous to the MDS-UPDRS; (2) motor subtypes and severity levels can be determined with the PDCS; (3) a significant association between PDCS and QoL scores exists.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Cannerfelt, B., et al.
(författare)
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White matter lesions and brain atrophy in systemic lupus erythematosus patients : correlation to cognitive dysfunction in a cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus patients using different definition models for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2018
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Ingår i: Lupus. - : SAGE Publications. - 0961-2033 .- 1477-0962. ; 27:7, s. 1140-1149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of white matter lesions, atrophy of the hippocampus and corpus callosum, and their correlation with cognitive dysfunction (CD), in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Seventy SLE patients and 25 healthy individuals (HIs) were included in the study. To evaluate the different SLE and neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) definition schemes, patients were grouped both according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) definition, as well as the more stringent ACR-Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics definition. Patients and HIs underwent a 3 Tesla brain MRI and a standardized neuropsychological test. MRI data were evaluated for number and volume of white matter lesions and atrophy of the hippocampus and corpus callosum. Differences between groups and subgroups were evaluated for significance. Number and volume of white matter lesions and atrophy of the hippocampus and corpus callosum were correlated to cognitive dysfunction. Results: The total volume of white matter lesions was significantly larger in SLE patients compared to HIs (p = 0.004). However, no significant differences were seen between the different SLE subgroups. Atrophy of the bilateral hippocampus was significantly more pronounced in patients with NPSLE compared to those with non-NPSLE (right: p = 0.010; left p = 0.023). Significant negative correlations between cognitive test scores on verbal memory and number and volume of white matter lesions were present. Conclusion: SLE patients have a significantly larger volume of white matter lesions on MRI compared to HIs and the degree of white matter lesion volume correlates to cognitive dysfunction, specifically to verbal memory. No significant differences in the number or volume of white matter lesions were identified between subgroups of SLE patients regardless of the definition model used.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Fjalldal, S., et al.
(författare)
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Detailed assessment of hypothalamic damage in craniopharyngioma patients with obesity
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 43:3, s. 533-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectives: Hypothalamic obesity (HO) occurs in 50% of patients with the pituitary tumor craniopharyngioma (CP). Attempts have been made to predict the risk of HO based on hypothalamic (HT) damage on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but none have included volumetry. We performed qualitative and quantitative volumetric analyses of HT damage. The results were explored in relation to feeding related peptides and body fat. Subjects/methods: A cross-sectional study of childhood onset CPs involving 3 Tesla MRI, was performed at median 22 years after first operation; 41 CPs, median age 35 (range: 17–56), of whom 23 had HT damage, were compared to 32 controls. After exclusions, 35 patients and 31 controls remained in the MRI study. Main outcome measures were the relation of metabolic parameters to HT volume and qualitative analyses of HT damage. Results: Metabolic parameters scored persistently very high in vascular risk particularly among HT damaged patients. Patients had smaller HT volumes compared to controls 769 (35–1168) mm3 vs. 879 (775–1086) mm3; P < 0.001. HT volume correlated negatively with fat mass and leptin among CP patients (rs = −0.67; P <.001; rs = −0.53; P = 0.001), and explained 39% of the variation in fat mass. For every 100 mm3 increase in HT volume fat mass decreased by 2.7 kg (95% CI: 1.5–3.9; P < 0.001). Qualitative assessments revealed HT damage in three out of six patients with normal volumetry, but HT damage according to operation records. Conclusions: A decrease in HT volume was associated with an increase in fat mass and leptin. We present a method with a high inter-rater reliability (0.94) that can be applied by nonradiologists for the assessment of HT damage. The method may be valuable in the risk assessment of diseases involving the HT.
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