| 1. |
- Andersson, Filip, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of cannabis use among young adults in Sweden comparing randomized response technique with a traditional survey
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 118:9, s. 1801-1810
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: The prevalence of cannabis use based on self-reports is likely to be underestimated in population surveys, especially in contexts where its use is a criminal offence. Indirect survey methods ask sensitive questions ensuring that answers cannot be identified with an individual respondent, therefore potentially resulting in more reliable estimates. We aimed to measure whether the indirect survey method ‘randomized response technique’ (RRT) increased response rate and/or increased disclosure of cannabis use among young adults compared with a traditional survey.Design: We conducted two parallel nation-wide surveys during the spring and the summer of 2021. The first survey was a traditional questionnaire-based one (focusing on substance use and gambling). The second survey applied an indirect survey method known as ‘the cross-wise model’ to questions related to cannabis use. The two surveys employed identical procedures (e.g. invitations, reminders and wording of the questions)Setting and Participants: The participants were young adults (aged 18–29 years) living in Sweden. The traditional survey had 1200 respondents (56.9% women) and the indirect survey had 2951 respondents (53.6% women).Measurements: In both surveys, cannabis use was assessed according to three time-frames: life-time use; use during the past year; and use during the past 30 days.Findings: The estimated prevalence of cannabis use was two- to threefold higher on all measures when estimated using the indirect survey method compared with the traditional survey: use during life-time (43.2 versus 27.3%); during the past year (19.2 versus 10.4%); and during the past 30 days (13.2 versus 3.7%). The discrepancy was larger among males and individuals with an education shorter than 10 years, who were unemployed, and who were born in non-European countries.Conclusions: Indirect survey methods may provide more accurate estimates than traditional surveys on prevalence of self-reported cannabis use.
|
|
| 2. |
- Norström, Thor, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
-
Hazardous drinking among restaurant workers
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 40:7, s. 591-595
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/aims: We address three research questions pertaining to Swedish restaurant workers: (i) What is the prevalence of hazardous drinking? (ii) How is the consumption of alcohol distributed? (iii) Does the prevention paradox apply? Methods: Data were collected by administering the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) among restaurant workers who attended a 2-day Responsible Beverage Service training in Stockholm during the period from October 2008 to December 2009. The control group comprised a sample representative of the general Swedish population. We restricted the analyses to the age span 18-59 years, which yielded a sample size of 579 for restaurant workers and 434 for the general population. Results: The prevalence of hazardous drinking as measured by AUDIT (8+ for men and 6+ for women) was markedly higher among restaurant workers than in the general population. The difference was especially pronounced among females below 30 years of age. We found no difference between restaurant workers and the general population in the distribution of alcohol consumption. About 76% of the drinking problems were found in the lower part of the consumption distribution (bottom 88%), which supports the prevention paradox. Conclusions: Restaurant workers comprise a high-risk group with respect to drinking.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ramstedt, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Reducing youth violence related to student parties : Findings from a community intervention project in Stockholm
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Review. - : Wiley. - 0959-5236 .- 1465-3362. ; 32:6, s. 561-565
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDuring the spring of 2007, the police reported a marked increase in violence and binge drinking related to high school student graduation parties on weekday nights at restaurants in Stockholm city. This spurred a multi-component community intervention project to reduce these problems. AimsThis study aims to evaluate the impact of the intervention on youth-related violence on weekday nights in 2008-2010. Design and MethodThe outcome measure entailed the number of violence-related emergency room visits on weekday nights (10:00 pm-6:00 am) by adolescents aged 18-20 years. The study period was 1 April-31 May, which is when most student graduation parties took place. The data covered the years 2005-2010, with three data points before the intervention, and three after the intervention was introduced. Because the intervention was expected to apply to weekdays only, the control series involved a corresponding indicator pertaining to weekend nights (10:00 pm-6:00 am). The intervention effect was assessed by means of difference-in-differences estimation. ResultsThe estimated intervention effect according to the difference-in-differences estimation models was a statistically significant 23% reduction of violence among young people. Discussion and ConclusionThis type of intervention is a promising measure of preventing youth violence and deserves to be continued. Such continuation would also provide additional data required for a more conclusive assessment.[Ramstedt M, Leifman H, Muller D, Sundin E, Norstrom T. Reducing youth violence related to student parties: Findings from a community intervention project in Stockholm. Drug Alcohol Rev 2013;32:561-565]
|
|
| 4. |
- Sundin, Erica, et al.
(författare)
-
Are differences in population prevalence of alcohol's harm to others related to survey administration mode?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Review. - : Wiley. - 0959-5236 .- 1465-3362. ; 37:3, s. 375-381
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and Aims. This study assessed the comparability of estimates of alcohol's harm to others across different administration modes in Swedish general population surveys. Harm was categorised as harm from strangers' drinking and harm from heavy drinkers known to the respondent. Design and Methods. Three surveys were conducted in 2011/2012 (n=6841), including identical questions. One was based on self-administered postal or Web questionnaires, and two were based on computer-assisted telephone interviews of which one included a more ambitious procedure in terms of for example monetary incentives to the respondents. Pearson (2)-tests were used to compare differences in the prevalence of harm. To estimate potential effects of survey mode, the samples were pooled, and multivariate Poisson regression models with mode as explanatory variable were used, adjusting for socio-demographic and behavioural factors. Results. Respondents in the two computer-assisted telephone interviews were more likely to report harm from strangers' drinking compared with respondents in the self-administered postal or Web questionnaires. However, no significant differences were found between survey modes concerning reports of harm from known people's drinking. Discussion and Conclusions. A survey mode based on interviews seems to facilitate reports of harm from strangers' drinking. This does not apply to reports of harm from known people's drinking. Therefore, the comparability of estimates of alcohol's harm to others between survey modes depends on the type of harm being studied.
|
|
| 5. |
- Sundin, Erica, et al.
(författare)
-
Country-Level Heavy Episodic Drinking and Individual-Level Experiences of Harm from Others' Drinking-Related Aggression in 19 European Countries
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Addiction Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1022-6877 .- 1421-9891. ; 28:2, s. 134-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is limited knowledge about how individual experiences of harm from others’ drinking are influenced by heavy episodic drinking (HED) at the country level. The present study aimed to assess (1) the association between the country-level prevalence of HED and the risk of experiencing harm from others’ drinking-related aggression and (2) if HED at the country level modifies the association between consumption of alcohol per capita (APC) and such harm. Methods: Outcome data from 32,576 participants from 19 European countries stem from the RARHA SEAS study. Self-reported harm from others’ drinking included having been verbally abused, harmed physically, or having serious arguments. Data on country-level drinking patterns were derived from the World Health Organization. Associations between country-level prevalence of monthly HED and experiences of aggression (at least 1 of 3 studied harms) were derived through multilevel models – adjusted for country-level age structure and by including the respondent’s own HED patterns as a mediator. Results: A 1% increase in the prevalence of monthly HED was associated with 5% higher odds (odds ratio [OR] 1.05) of experiencing others’ alcohol-related aggression among men, and 6% (OR 1.06) among women. The results suggest that the association between APC and harm was stronger in countries with high prevalences of HED, but the modifying effect could not be confirmed. Discussion/Conclusion: Harm from others’ drinking-related aggression depends not only on individual factors but is also influenced by the drinking patterns of the population. However, the country-level prevalence of HED only explains a small part of the variance of this type of harm.
|
|
| 6. |
- Sundin, Erica
(författare)
-
Harm from others’ drinking : reported negative experiences and predictors in general population surveys
- 2022
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Alcohol consumption is among the top risk factors for ill health and premature death and can also lead to a range of problems in relation to other people such as family members, friends, co-workers, and among strangers in public places. Research into harm from other people’s drinking has increased substantially in the last decade and has developed into a separate research field. Previous research has shown that a comprehensive picture of alcohol-related problems in society is only obtained if harm from others’ drinking is taken into account. Moreover, the high prevalence of harm from others’ drinking in many populations suggests that this is relevant to address from a public health perspective. Overall aims: The aim of the present thesis was to add to this research field by investigating some areas of harm from others’ drinking and related predictors in the context of the adult general population of Sweden and 19 European countries. The areas included different types of self-reported severe harm from others’ drinking and the effect of survey administration mode on self-reported experiences of harm from others’ drinking. Related predictors included sociodemographic factors, relationship to the drinker causing harm, one’s own drinking habits, and country-level drinking patterns. Data and method: Data stemmed from comprehensive self-reported adult general population surveys conducted in Sweden (the Habits and Consequences survey) and across 19 European countries (the RARHA SEAS survey). Three of the studies were based on cross-sectional data and one on longitudinal data. To assess the association between self-reported harm from others’ drinking and potential predictors, multiple types of binary regression models were used (Poisson regression with robust error variance, logistic regression, multi-level regression). Results: The prevalence of severe harm, i.e., being harmed “a lot,” from a known or unknown drinker in the preceding 12-month period ranged between 1.2% and 4.9% in the adult general population of Sweden (Study I). Problems were reported more often by women than men. The correlation between one’s own drinking habits and signs of alcohol dependence and experiencing severe harm from a known person’s drinking was modified by gender. One’s own drinking habits, i.e., higher drinking frequency and higher frequency of heavy episodic drinking, increased the risk of severe harm from a known person’s drinking among women, but not among men. Having signs of one’s own alcohol dependence increased the likelihood to report such harm among both men and women, although the association was much stronger among women. Among Swedish adults reporting harm from a known person’s drinking in a baseline survey, the majority (52.5%) reported harm again one year later (Study II). An increased risk of reporting one-year persistence of such harm was found among women, among those who reported harm within closer relationships, e.g., with a partner, parent, or another household member, and among those perceiving harm as more severe at baseline. Experiences of others’ alcohol-related aggressive behavior in the preceding 12-month period were reported by one in four men and women across 19 European countries (Study III). A higher prevalence of heavy episodic drinking at the country level increased the risk of experiencing aggression-related harm at the individual level. However, only a small part of the variance of such harm was explained by the country-level heavy episodic drinking prevalence. Prevalence estimates of harm from strangers’ drinking are likely to be higher in intervieweradministered surveys (telephone interviews) compared with in self-administered surveys (paper-and-pencil or web questionnaires) (Study IV). No such difference between survey modes was found regarding reports of harm from a known person’s drinking. Discussion and conclusion: This thesis has documented new findings in several areas of harm from others’ drinking and related influencing factors at the individual and the country level in Sweden and across European countries. The thesis reinforces the idea that alcohol consumption may not only have consequences for the drinkers themselves, but may also inflict severe problems in interactions with other persons. That negative consequences from alcohol consumption extend beyond the individual drinker is important knowledge from a public health perspective and should be considered in alcohol policies.
|
|
