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- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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- Christie, M., et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies to a Mr-64000 islet cell protein in Swedish children with newly diagnosed Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes
- 1988
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - 0012-186X. ; 31:8, s. 597-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sera from 40 Swedish children diagnosed as having Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus during a one year period along with 40 age and geographically matched control subjects were tested for antibodies to a Mr-64000 islet protein by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-labelled rat islet amphiphilic proteins. Of the 40 diabetic patients, 29 (73%) were found to be positive whereas all 40 control subjects were negative. Samples were also tested for titres of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence on frozen sections of human pancreas. In the diabetic group, 30 of the 40 patients (75%) were positive for islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies compared with 2 of the 40 control subjects (5%). A comparison of levels of antibodies to the Mr-64000 protein with islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies revealed a weak (rs=0.46), but significant (p<0.01) correlation between the two tests. There was no effect of age or sex on levels of antibodies to the Mr-64000 protein. These results in population-based diabetic children and control subjects demonstrate a high frequency of antibodies to the Mr-64000 protein at the time of clinical onset.
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- Graham, J, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic effects on age-dependent onset and islet cell autoantibody markers in type 1 diabetes
- 2002
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 51:5, s. 1346-1355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Age-dependent associations between type 1 diabetes risk genes HLA, INS VNTR, and CTLA-4 and autoantibodies to GAD65 (GADAs), ICA512/IA-2, insulin, and islet cells were determined by logistic regression analysis in 971 incident patients with type 1 diabetes and 702 control subjects aged 0–34 years. GADAs were associated with HLA-DQ2 in young but not in older patients (P = 0.009). Autoantibodies to insulin were negatively associated with age (P < 0.0001) but positively associated with DQ8 (P = 0.03) and with INS VNTR (P = 0.04), supporting possible immune tolerance induction. ICA512/IA-2 were negatively associated with age (P < 0.0001) and with DQ2 (P < 0.0001) but positively associated with DQ8 (P = 0.04). Males were more likely than females to be negative for GADA (P < 0.0001), autoantibodies to islet cells (P = 0.04), and all four autoantibody markers (P = 0.004). The CTLA-4 3′ end microsatellite marker was not associated with any of the autoantibodies. We conclude that age and genetic factors such as HLA-DQ and INS VNTR need to be combined with islet autoantibody markers when evaluating the risk for type 1 diabetes development.
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