| 1. |
- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Rong, et al.
(författare)
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Archetype-based conversion of EHR content models : pilot experience with a regional EHR system
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. - : BMC. - 1472-6947. ; 9:33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exchange of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data between systems from different suppliers is a major challenge. EHR communication based on archetype methodology has been developed by openEHR and CEN/ISO. The experience of using archetypes in deployed EHR systems is quite limited today. Currently deployed EHR systems with large user bases have their own proprietary way of representing clinical content using various models. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of representing EHR content models from a regional EHR system as openEHR archetypes and inversely to convert archetypes to the proprietary format. Methods: The openEHR EHR Reference Model (RM) and Archetype Model (AM) specifications were used. The template model of the Cambio COSMIC, a regional EHR product from Sweden, was analyzed and compared to the openEHR RM and AM. This study was focused on the convertibility of the EHR semantic models. A semantic mapping between the openEHR RM/AM and the COSMIC template model was produced and used as the basis for developing prototype software that performs automated bidirectional conversion between openEHR archetypes and COSMIC templates. Results: Automated bi-directional conversion between openEHR archetype format and COSMIC template format has been achieved. Several archetypes from the openEHR Clinical Knowledge Repository have been imported into COSMIC, preserving most of the structural and terminology related constraints. COSMIC templates from a large regional installation were successfully converted into the openEHR archetype format. The conversion from the COSMIC templates into archetype format preserves nearly all structural and semantic definitions of the original content models. A strategy of gradually adding archetype support to legacy EHR systems was formulated in order to allow sharing of clinical content models defined using different formats. Conclusion: The openEHR RM and AM are expressive enough to represent the existing clinical content models from the template based EHR system tested and legacy content models can automatically be converted to archetype format for sharing of knowledge. With some limitations, internationally available archetypes could be converted to the legacy EHR models. Archetype support can be added to legacy EHR systems in an incremental way allowing a migration path to interoperability based on standards.
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| 3. |
- Freire, Sergio Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing the Performance of NoSQL Approaches for Managing Archetype-Based Electronic Health Record Data
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study provides an experimental performance evaluation on population-based queries of NoSQL databases storing archetype-based Electronic Health Record (EHR) data. There are few published studies regarding the performance of persistence mechanisms for systems that use multilevel modelling approaches, especially when the focus is on population-based queries. A healthcare dataset with 4.2 million records stored in a relational database (MySQL) was used to generate XML and JSON documents based on the openEHR reference model. Six datasets with different sizes were created from these documents and imported into three single machine XML databases (BaseX, eXistdb and Berkeley DB XML) and into a distributed NoSQL database system based on the MapReduce approach, Couchbase, deployed in different cluster configurations of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 machines. Population-based queries were submitted to those databases and to the original relational database. Database size and query response times are presented. The XML databases were considerably slower and required much more space than Couchbase. Overall, Couchbase had better response times than MySQL, especially for larger datasets. However, Couchbase requires indexing for each differently formulated query and the indexing time increases with the size of the datasets. The performances of the clusters with 2, 4, 8 and 12 nodes were not better than the single node cluster in relation to the query response time, but the indexing time was reduced proportionally to the number of nodes. The tested XML databases had acceptable performance for openEHR-based data in some querying use cases and small datasets, but were generally much slower than Couchbase. Couchbase also outperformed the response times of the relational database, but required more disk space and had a much longer indexing time. Systems like Couchbase are thus interesting research targets for scalable storage and querying of archetype-based EHR data when population-based use cases are of interest.
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| 4. |
- Freire, Sergio Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of XML Databases for Epidemiological Queries in Archetype-Based EHRs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics 2012. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789175197586 ; , s. 51-57
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are very few published studies regarding the performance of persistence mechanisms for systems that use the openEHR multi level modelling approach. This paper addresses the performance and size of XML databases that store openEHR compliant documents. Database size and response times to epidemiological queries are described. An anonymized relational epidemiology database and associated epidemiological queries were used to generate openEHR XML documents that were stored and queried in four opensource XML databases. The XML databases were considerably slower and required much more space than the relational database. For population-wide epidemiological queries the response times scaled in order of magnitude at the same rate as the number of records (total database size) but were orders of magnitude slower than the original relational database. For individual focused clinical queries where patient ID was specified the response times were acceptable. This study suggests that the tested XML database configurations without further optimizations are not suitable as persistence mechanisms for openEHR-based systems in production if population-wide ad hoc querying is needed.
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| 5. |
- Hojen, A.R., et al.
(författare)
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Methods and applications for visualization of SNOMED CT concept sets
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Clinical Informatics. - : Schattauer. - 1869-0327. ; 5:1, s. 127-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inconsistent use of SNOMED CT concepts may reduce comparability of information in health information systems. Terminology implementation should be approached by common strategies for navigating and selecting proper concepts. This study aims to explore ways of illustrating common pathways and ancestors of particular sets of concepts, to support consistent use of SNOMED CT and also assess potential applications for such visualizations. The open source prototype presented is an interactive web-based re-implementation of the terminology visualization tool TermViz that provides an overview of concepts and their hierarchical relations. It provides terminological features such as interactively rearranging graphs, fetching more concept nodes, highlighting least common parents and shared pathways in merged graphs etc. Four teams of three to four people used the prototype to complete a terminology mapping task and then, in focus group interviews, discussed the user experience and potential future tool usage. Potential purposes discussed included SNOMED CT search and training, consistent selection of concepts and content management. The evaluation indicated that the tool may be useful in many contexts especially if integrated with existing systems, and that the graph layout needs further tuning and development.
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| 6. |
- Hulthén, Erik, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing Real-Time Optimization on a secondary Cone Crusher for Iron ore production, part 2
- 2014
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Ingår i: Preprints Conference in Minerals Engineering, Luleå, 4-5 February 2014. ; , s. 45-56
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cone crushers are often used as an intermediate comminution step in the mining industry. Real-time feedback data on the product streams can be obtained by applying mass-flow sensors to the process. With a frequency converter also the eccentric speed in a cone crusher can be adjusted in real-time in addition to the CSS. The adjustment of these two online parameters in real time results in an increased potential for production yield; however, a nontrivial optimization problem with a large solution space also arises. As the feed material also varies, and the wear is highly evident, the optimal setting for the parameters varies in time. In this paper a secondary cone crusher in an iron ore application is equipped for real-time optimization with both mass flow meters, connection to plant SCADA, a CSS control system and a frequency converter. The objective is to optimize the feed to the downstream mills in real-time. The guiding tests indicated a more beneficial operating point, where higher power consumption could be achieved in the crusher without increasing the pressure as much. There are operating points which are more beneficial than others, and it is not the nominal one (factory setting) that is the best. The result from a full sampling survey tell that the production of particles smaller than 1 mm can be increased with 17.5%.
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| 7. |
- Hulthén, Erik, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Real-time Optimization of a speed controlled Cone Crusher in an Iron Ore application
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Comminution '14.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cone crushers are often used as an intermediate comminution step in the mining industry. Real-time feedback data on the product streams can be obtained by applying mass-flow sensors to the process. With a frequency converter also the eccentric speed in a cone crusher can be adjusted in real-time in addition to the CSS. The adjustment of these two online parameters in real time results in an increased potential for production yield; however, a nontrivial optimization problem with a large solution space also arises. As the feed material also varies, and the wear is highly evident, the optimal setting for the parameters varies in time. In this paper a secondary cone crusher in an iron ore application is equipped for real-time optimization with both mass flow meters, connection to plant SCADA, a CSS control system and a frequency converter. The objective is to optimize the feed to the downstream mills in real-time. The guiding tests indicated a more beneficial operating point, where higher power consumption could be achieved in the crusher without increasing the pressure as much. There are operating points which are more beneficial than others, and it is not the nominal one (factory setting) that is the best. In this paper the result from a survey together with a fully automated real-time algorithm is presented. The results from a full sampling survey tell that the production of particles smaller than 1 mm can be increased with 17.5%. A fully automated algorithm is currently being tested.
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| 8. |
- Hägglund, Maria, Lektor, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Världsbäst på eHälsa kräver internationellt samarbete
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - Stockholm, Sweden : Svenska Dagbladet AB & Co.. - 1101-2412.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det är glädjande att myndigheter nu äntligen tittar mer på internationellt delade detaljerade dokumentationsmodeller för innehåll i journaler. Vi hoppas att de ger tillräckligt kraftfulla och tydliga budskap så att de upphandlande vårdgivarna också ser vikten av detta. Om vi ska bli världsbäst på eHälsa krävs internationellt samarbete, skriver flera forskare i medicinsk informatik.
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