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- D'Antonio, F, et al.
(författare)
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Visual hallucinations in Lewy body disease: pathophysiological insights from phenomenology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1459 .- 0340-5354. ; 269:7, s. 3636-3652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visual hallucinations (VH) in Lewy body disease (LBD) have a heterogenous phenomenology classified into minor phenomena (MVH) and complex hallucinations (CVH). Mechanisms underpinning VH and their temporal aspects are largely unknown. According to the hodotopic model, we investigated whether changes in distinct cognitive domains and neural networks in the hallucination trait underpin temporal aspects of MVH and CVH in the hallucination state. 35 LBD patients with VH underwent a complete neuropsychological evaluation and resting-state fMRI. North-East-Visual-Hallucinations-Interview was used to assess their typical VH content, duration, and frequency. We found that MVH was not associated with cognitive impairment, while CVH was associated with impairments in visuoperceptual processes, attention and visual abstract reasoning. In seed-to-seed functional connectivity (FC) analysis we identified functional couplings associated with MVH and CVH temporal severity (duration x frequency), duration and frequency. MVH severity was negatively associated with FC between early visual areas (EVA) and ventral-visual-stream regions, and negatively associated with FC between brainstem and EVA, which may be linked to LBD brainstem neuropathology. CVH duration was positively associated with FC between ventral-visual stream and salience network (SN). CVH frequency was negatively associated with FC between DMN and SN. Functional alterations in distinct visual and attentional networks and their dynamic interaction in trait LBD hallucinators are linked to both the phenomenology of state content and its temporal characteristics. Within a network, VH frequency and duration may be linked to different types of functional alterations: increased connectivity leading to sustained activity prolonging VH (duration) and decreased connectivity increasing dysregulated, spontaneous activity (frequency). These findings support the hodotopic hypothesis of VH and may reflect a link between VH phenomenology, LBD neuropathological progression and the involvement of specific neurotransmitter systems.
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- Tognetti, L., et al.
(författare)
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A risk-scoring model for the differential diagnosis of lentigo maligna and other atypical pigmented facial lesions of the face: The facial iDScore
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - 0926-9959. ; 37:11, s. 2301-2310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDue to progressive ageing of the population, the incidence of facial lentigo maligna (LM) of the face is increasing. Many benign simulators of LM and LMM, known as atypical pigmented facial lesions (aPFLs-pigmented actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, seborrheic keratosis, seborrheic-lichenoid keratosis, atypical nevus) may be found on photodamaged skin. This generates many diagnostic issues and increases the number of biopsies, with a subsequent impact on aesthetic outcome and health insurance costs. ObjectivesOur aim was to develop a risk-scoring classifier-based algorithm to estimate the probability of an aPFL being malignant. A second aim was to compare its diagnostic accuracy with that of dermoscopists so as to define the advantages of using the model in patient management. Materials and MethodsA total of 154 dermatologists analysed 1111 aPFLs and their management in a teledermatology setting: They performed pattern analysis, gave an intuitive clinical diagnosis and proposed lesion management options (follow-up/reflectance confocal microscopy/biopsy). Each case was composed of a dermoscopic and/or clinical picture plus metadata (histology, age, sex, location, diameter). The risk-scoring classifier was developed and tested on this dataset and then validated on 86 additional aPFLs. ResultsThe facial Integrated Dermoscopic Score (iDScore) model consisted of seven dermoscopic variables and three objective parameters (diameter & GE; 8 mm, age & GE; 70 years, male sex); the score ranged from 0 to 16. In the testing set, the facial iDScore-aided diagnosis was more accurate (AUC = 0.79 [IC 95% 0.757-0.843]) than the intuitive diagnosis proposed by dermatologists (average of 43.5%). In the management study, the score model reduced the number of benign lesions sent for biopsies by 41.5% and increased the number of LM/LMM cases sent for reflectance confocal microscopy or biopsy instead of follow-up by 66%. ConclusionsThe facial iDScore can be proposed as a feasible tool for managing patients with aPFLs.
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- Makris, S., et al.
(författare)
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Open-Digital-Industrial and Networking pilot lines using modular components for scalable production - ODIN project approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; , s. 162-167
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While robots have very well proven their flexibility and efficiency in mass production and are recognized as the production resource of the future, their adoption in lower volume, diverse environment is heavily constrained. The main reason for this is the high integration and deployment complexity that overshadows the performance benefits of this technology. This paper presents the vision of ODIN European funded project which is to strengthen the EU production companies' trust in utilizing advanced robotics, by demonstrating that novel robot-based production systems are not only technically feasible, but also efficient and sustainable for immediate introduction at the shopfloor. To achieve that, ODIN brings together, by means of hardware and software, the latest technological advancements in the fields of a) collaborating robots and human robot collaborative workplaces, b) autonomous robotics and AI based task planning, c) mobile robots and reconfigurable tooling, d) Digital Twins and Virtual Commissioning and e) Service Oriented Robotics Integration and Communication Architectures. ODIN will provide a systematic approach for integrating these technologies under modular and reconfigurable large-scale robotic pilots. The performance of these robotic pilots will be tested and validated in three case studies, from the automotive, the white goods and the aeronautics industry.
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