| 1. |
- Ericsson, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical validation of a novel automated cell-free DNA screening assay for trisomies 21, 13, and 18 in maternal plasma.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Prenatal diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 39:11, s. 1011-1015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate clinical performance of a new automated cell-free (cf)DNA assay in maternal plasma screening for trisomies 21, 18, and 13, and to determine fetal sex.Maternal plasma samples from 1200 singleton pregnancies were analyzed with a new non-sequencing cfDNA method, which is based on imaging and counting specific chromosome targets. Reference outcomes were determined by either cytogenetic testing, of amniotic fluid or chorionic villi, or clinical examination of neonates.The samples examined included 158 fetal aneuploidies. Sensitivity was 100% (112/112) for trisomy 21, 89% (32/36) for trisomy 18, and 100% (10/10) for trisomy 13. The respective specificities were 100%, 99.5%, and 99.9%. There were five first pass failures (0.4%), all in unaffected pregnancies. Sex classification was performed on 979 of the samples and 99.6% (975/979) provided a concordant result.The new automated cfDNA assay has high sensitivity and specificity for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and accurate classification of fetal sex, while maintaining a low failure rate. The study demonstrated that cfDNA testing can be simplified and automated to reduce cost and thereby enabling wider population-based screening.
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| 2. |
- André, Benny, et al.
(författare)
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Performance and Tribofilm Formation of a Low-Friction Coating Incorporating Inorganic Fullerene Like Nano-Particles
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new tribological coating with potential as a coating for components for low-friction applications is tested and compared to three, state of the art, commercial low-friction PVD coatings. The new coating is an electrodeposited coating composed by a Ni-P matrix incorporating fullerene like nanoparticles of WS2. The performance of the new coating is compared with three reference coatings in a ball-on-disc setup. The tribological tests involved ball bearing steel balls slid on coated discs, under different conditions of humidity and also with or without oil lubrication. Both mating surfaces were closely investigated in a scanning electron microscope and the low-friction tribofilms formed were further analysed. The correlations found between coefficient of friction, surface roughness of the wear scar, tribofilm formation and contact conditions are discussed. The new coating exhibits a very low coefficient of friction at low humidity, a behaviour closely resembling that of the MoS2-based commercial reference, whereas the carbon based PVD coatings tested exhibit the reversed dependence of humidity. The low-friction behaviour of the new coating is correlated to the formation of a WS2 tribofilm with a superficial alignment of the basal planes parallel to the sliding direction. When lubricated with a base oil, the beneficial tribofilm is not formed and the coefficient of friction is much higher. The results show that even though the coating is an electrodeposited coating it can compete with state of the art commercial PVD coatings.
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| 3. |
- André, Benny, et al.
(författare)
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Performance and Tribofilm Formation of a Low-Friction Coating Incorporating Inorganic Fullerene Like Nano-Particles
- 2012
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 206:8-9, s. 2325-2329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new tribological coating with potential as a coating for components for low-friction applications is tested and compared to three, state of the art, commercial low-friction PVD coatings. The new coating is an electrodeposited coating composed by a Ni-P matrix incorporating fullerene like nanoparticles of WS2. The performance of the new coating is compared with three reference coatings in a ball-on-disc setup. The tribological tests involved ball bearing steel balls slid on coated discs, under different conditions of humidity and also with or without oil lubrication. Both mating surfaces were closely investigated in a scanning electron microscope and the low-friction tribofilms formed were further analysed. The correlations found between coefficient of friction, surface roughness of the wear scar, tribofilm formation and contact conditions are discussed. The new coating exhibits a very low coefficient of friction at low humidity, a behaviour closely resembling that of the MoS2-based commercial reference, whereas the carbon based PVD coatings tested exhibit the reversed dependence of humidity. The low-friction behaviour of the new coating is correlated to the formation of a WS2 tribofilm with a superficial alignment of the basal planes parallel to the sliding direction. When lubricated with a base oil, the beneficial tribofilm is not formed and the coefficient of friction is much higher. The results show that even though the coating is an electrodeposited coating it can compete with state of the art commercial PVD coatings.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gustavsson, Fredrik, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoparticle based and sputtered WS2 low-friction coatings : differences and similarities with respect to friction mechanisms and tribofilm formation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 232, s. 616-626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MoS2 and WS2 are widely known intrinsic low-friction materials that have been extensively used and thoroughly investigated in literature. They are commonly produced in the form of sputtered coatings and show extremely low friction coefficients in non-humid environments, but rapidly degrade in humid conditions. Close nested fullerene-like nanoparticles of these materials have been proposed to have better oxidation resistance due to their closed form with the absence of dangling bonds. In the present study, an electrochemically deposited coating consisting of fullerene-like nanoparticles of WS2 embedded in a Ni-P matrix is tested under various loads and humidity conditions and compared with a sputtered WS2 coating with respect to their tribological behavior. The formation of a tribofilm on both surfaces is known to be crucial for the low-friction mechanism of WS2 and the different mechanisms behind this formation for the two types of coatings are investigated. It is shown that despite the completely different transformation processes, the resulting tribofilms are very similar. This is analyzed thoroughly using SEM, AES and TEM. The friction coefficient is known to be lower at higher normal loads for these materials and in the present study the mechanical and chemical responses of the tribofilm to higher normal loads during sliding are investigated. It was observed that the basal planes become aligned more parallel to the surface at higher loads, and that the tribofilm is less oxidized. It is suggested that these mechanisms are connected and are crucial keys to the wear life of these materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Andersen, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Novel concept for large deformable mirrors
- 2006
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Ingår i: Optical Engineering. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 0091-3286. ; 45:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large, high-bandwidth deformable mirrors (DMs) with thousands of actuators for adaptive optics are of high interest for existing large telescopes and indispensable for construction of efficient future extremely large telescopes. Different actuation and sensing principles are possible. We propose a novel concept using commercially available voice coil actuators attached to the back of the mirror with suction cups and using LVDT sensors on the actuators for local stabilization. Also, a new low-cost sensor for easy measurement of DM displacement or velocity has been developed. It has a sensitivity better than 20 nm and a bandwidth wider than 20 to 1000 Hz. Finally, studies are in progress of global, hierarchical mirror form controllers based on many parallel multiple-input, multiple-output regulators of low order.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andreasson, Fredrik
(författare)
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Retande, berättelser och kategoriseringar : Om vänskap och kärlek i barns relationsprat
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on how middle school children organize peer group relationships through various forms of so-called relational talk (Evaldsson, 2007), while they also negotiate and more generally make sense of friendships and romantic relationships. Prior micro-sociological research has demonstrated how children in everyday language practices through, for example, teasing, assessments, and storytelling—articulate and manage social relationships and behaviors, moral views, and shared cultural knowledge, thereby constructing their emerging social worlds (see Goodwin & Kyratzis, 2011, for an overview). Several ethnographic studies have also shown how children in everyday peer group interactions construct gendered cultures, encompassing gender hierarchies and heteronormative ordering, while managing social relationships (Renold, 2005). This study is a continued exploration into these areas, building on ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observations, video recordings, and focus group interviews with friendship groups among children in two fifth grade classes in a Swedish school setting. The analysis draws on an ethnomethodological multimodal interactional approach to talk-in- interaction (Goodwin, 1990), combined with membership categorization work (Stokoe, 2010) and ethnographic knowledge of the local culture (Evaldsson, 2021; Goodwin, 2014).The analysis shows that humor-oriented language practices, such as teasing and joking, function as a resource for children to address potentially sensitive and/or embarrassing aspects of social relationships, where humor and collective laughter work as a de-dramatizing resource while building local peer group relationships (cf. Eder, 1991). Moreover, the results show that children’s way of articulating and making sense of their views on friendship and romance through storytelling, assessments, and jocular play is related to a moral dimension, as they index and negotiate (un)acceptable behaviors. This dimension becomes visible through their invocation and management of membership categorizations, person descriptions, and evaluative comments in their local identity work. Simultaneously, the analysis demonstrates how ethnographic knowledge of children’s social life is central in understanding how wider social dynamics become part of the local peer cultures of preteen children (Evaldsson, 2005a; Goodwin, 2011), especially regarding how the negotiation of local categories and their embedded meanings is related to wider social categorizations of gender, social class, and age. Overall, this thesis demonstrates how children as social actors use a variety of interactional resources (i.e., talk, laughter, loud voices, facial expressions, smiles, and gestures) to organize local peer group relationships, while collectively staging, negotiating, and making sense of both romance and friendship.
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| 9. |
- Barbe, Laurent, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome
- 2008
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 7:3, s. 499-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information on protein localization on the subcellular level is important to map and characterize the proteome and to better understand cellular functions of proteins. Here we report on a pilot study of 466 proteins in three human cell lines aimed to allow large scale confocal microscopy analysis using protein-specific antibodies. Approximately 3000 high resolution images were generated, and more than 80% of the analyzed proteins could be classified in one or multiple subcellular compartment(s). The localizations of the proteins showed, in many cases, good agreement with the Gene Ontology localization prediction model. This is the first large scale antibody-based study to localize proteins into subcellular compartments using antibodies and confocal microscopy. The results suggest that this approach might be a valuable tool in conjunction with predictive models for protein localization.
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| 10. |
- Coutinho, E., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrastructural characterization of tooth-biomaterial interfaces prepared with broad and focused ion beams
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dental Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0109-5641 .- 1879-0097. ; 25:11, s. 1325-1337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current available techniques for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of tooth biomaterial interfaces are mostly ineffective for brittle phases and impair integrated chemical and morphological characterization. Objectives. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the applicability of new focused ion beam (FIB) and broad ion beam (BIB) techniques for TEM preparation of tooth-biomaterial interfaces; (2) to characterize the interfacial interaction with enamel and dentin of a conventional glass-ionomer (Chem. l Superior, DeTrey Dentsply, Germany), a 2-step self-etch (Clear. l SE, Kuraray, Japan) and a 3-step etch-and-rinse (OptiBond FL, Kerr, USA) adhesives; and (3) to characterize clinically relevant interfaces obtained from actual Class-I cavities. Methods. After bonding to freshly extracted human third molars, non-demineralized and non-stained sections were obtained using the FIB/BIB techniques and examined under TEM. Results. The main structures generally disclosed in conventional ultramicrotomy samples were recognized in FIB/BIB-based ones. There were not any major differences between FIB and BIB concerning the resulting ultrastructural morphology. FIB/BIB-sections enabled to clearly resolve sub-micron hydroxyapatite crystals on top of hard tissues and the interface between matrix and filler in all materials, even at nano-scale. Some investigated interfaces disclosed areas with a distinct "fog" or "melted look", which is probably an artifact due to surface damage caused by the high-energy beam. Interfaces with enamel clearly disclosed the distinct "keyhole" shape of enamel rods sectioned at 90 degrees, delimited by a thin electron-lucent layer of inter-rod enamel. At regions where enamel crystals ran parallel with the interface, we observed a lack of interaction and some de-bonding along with interfacial void formation. Significance. The FIB/BIB methods are viable and reliable alternatives to conventional ultramicrotomy for preparation of thin sections of brittle and thus difficult to cut biomaterial-hard tissue interfaces. They disclose additional ultrastructural information about both substrates and are more suitable for advanced analytic procedures.
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