| 1. |
- Niska, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Cykling bland barn och unga : en kunskapssammanställning
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cyklandet bland barn och unga har minskat, vilket får negativa effekter på hälsa och barns självständiga mobilitet. VTI har i detta regeringsuppdrag sammanställt kunskap om tänkbara orsaker till detta, baserat på litteraturstudier och kontakter med relevanta aktörer samt analyser av resvanedata och olycksstatisk. Statistiken visar att det är andelen personer som cyklar som minskat medan den cyklade sträckan inte förändrats. Framförallt har barns och ungas fritidscyklande minskat, vilket kan förklaras av ökade avstånd till fritidsaktiviteter, föräldrars heltidsarbete och att barns vardag idag är mer institutionaliserat. Även cyklandet till skolan har minskat, bland annat då det fria skolvalet lett till ökade avstånd. Andra orsaker är fler bilar i hushållen, förändringar i hur barn leker och kommunicerar, bristande faktisk och upplevd säkerhet och trygghet i kombination med föräldrars förställningar om barns trafikförmåga. Cykelresorna har delvis ersatts av bilresor men framförallt av ett ökat gående och resande med kollektivtrafik. Cyklingen har minskar mest bland de äldre barnen. Då de främst ersatt sitt resande med kollektivtrafik, kan en förklaring vara att fler erbjuds gratis busskort. Det finns ett stort engagemang och kompetens kring barns och ungas cykling bland olika aktörer, men behovet är stort av ökad samordning och att de initiativ och åtgärder som vidtas utvärderas systematiskt.
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| 2. |
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Balancing Criminal Law - vulnerabilities as an interest to protect by and from criminal law
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice. - 1894-4183. ; 9:2
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Societal challenges inevitably raise fundamental questions about power and the exercise of power. What role does media descriptions of realities play and how are these interpreted and reformulated as part of a political agenda? How does the government exercise its power against individuals through the use of law, and in particular the criminal law, to deal with societal problems connected to these challenges? We see the tendencies of an offensive criminal law but at the same time a hesitation against the use of criminal law combatting violence against women. The contributions in this special issue discusses and point to the difficulty to strike a balance between the rule of law and the interests of the perpetrator as well as of the victim/survivor.
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| 3. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomy and Beyond – Voluntariness in the Light of Lived Autonomy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Retfærd. Nordisk Juridisk Tidsskrift. - 0105-1121. ; 44:3 & 4 /170, s. 35-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we aim to introduce and discuss the use of an everyday life-based understanding of autonomy that recognises the fact that a person’s autonomy is constantly changing, rather than stuck in given categories. We call this understanding of autonomy lived autonomy and suggest it be used as an analytical tool in legal research. We use a flower to symbolise the lived aspect of autonomy to underline how autonomy is constantly changing and thus demonstrate that person’s autonomy is elastic. A person’s autonomy can be diminished or expanded over time due to relational, time and spatial boundaries, i.e., everyday life that consists of an endless variety of aspects. Inspired by Smith, we use the concept of everyday life perspective to capture the human being as a subject rooted in everyday life. In addition to Smith’s daily routines and activities, we add cognitive and bodily memories, as well as symbols, patterns, knowledge and experiences. These are aspects of everyday life that we use as active subjects to express, for example, will, desire and needs. These aspects, perceived as well as inherited and shared memories, knowledge and experiences, can also be obstacles to expressing our will, desire or need. The concept is described and developed with the new consent-based regulation of rape as an example, in particular in relation to the criterion of voluntariness. The article starts by placing the concept of autonomy in a broader context and introduces autonomy as a concept in philosophical and legal theory, followed by a feminist critique of the traditional liberal understanding of autonomy. Then, the everyday life perspective is introduced to develop the understanding of the concept, from the traditional one towards an everyday life-based understanding of autonomy, lived autonomy. As an example of how lived autonomy can be used as an analytical tool in legal research, we apply the concept in relation to the new requisite of voluntariness in the Swedish rape legislation that came into force July 2018. Additionally, the everyday life-based understanding of autonomy also has a communicative function, and as such, the concept serves as a link between the local context and at the same time as part of an international academic debate of one of the core issues of within legal scholarship. But also, as a link between law and reality in both local and global perspective.
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| 4. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomy of the Judge in theory and practice – Strengthening the independent judiciary
- 2022
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Ingår i: Final Conference Judges under Stress – the Breaking Point of Judicial Institutions, University of Oslo.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The starting point of this project is the predominant assumption that the independence of courts requires independent, and hence autonomous, judges. The traditional idea is represented by Rawls "veil of ignorance", where the judge is cut out of context and relations. As this idea of autonomy is defined and discussed as an ideal, we argue that autonomy should be explored in practice with another perception, lived autonomy, rooted in everyday life needs to be explored. The project aims to explore how autonomy of judges is described in legal procedural discourse and embodied and performed in practice by judges, using the traditional idea of autonomy and lived autonomy as theoretical tools. The project runs for three years, and addresses 3 research questions: 1) How is autonomy described normatively in legal discourse? 2) How do judges discursively (in interviews) perceive and interpret autonomy? 3) How is autonomy performed in practice? Procedural legal doctrine will be analysed, 50-70 judges will be studied by shadowing and interviews on their perceptions and embodiment of autonomy. The project is the first to study the autonomy of the judge in procedural literature and performed in practice combined. In this way, it contributes to knowledge on the judges’ own perception of how to adopt, perform and display and embody autonomy in a reflexive and systematic way, that equip and prepare judges with increased resilience towards threats that targets the independence of the courts.
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| 5. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction. Balancing criminal law- vulnerabilities as an interest to protect by and from criminal law.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice. - 1894-4183. ; 9:2, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This Special Issue has been developed through the work of the Nordic Women’s Net-work in Criminal Law and is dedicated to our dear late colleague and friend professor emerita Madeleine Leijonhufvud (in memoriam). Leijonhufvud was the first woman to take her doctorate and to become a professor in Criminal Law in Sweden. She was engaged in various societal areas and involved in the public debate and policy making on issues such as pornography, procuring and the rape legislation. Leijonhufvud’s assiduous work, never-ending and patient commitment and efforts to create gender equal living conditions, and especially to combating men’s violence against women and girls, the network wishes to dedicate this special issue to her memory. Societal challenges inevitably raise fundamental questions about power and the exercise of power. What role does media descriptions of realities play and how are these interpreted and reformulated as part of a political agenda? How does the government exercise its power against individuals through the use of law, and in particular the criminal law, to deal with societal problems connected to these challenges? We see the tendencies of an offensive criminal law but at the same time a hesitation against the use of criminal law combatting violence against women. The contributions in this special issue discusses and point to the difficulty to strike a balance between the rule of law and the interests of the perpetrator as well as of the victim/survivor.
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| 6. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish rape legislation from use of force to voluntariness - critical reflections from an everyday life perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice. - 1894-4183. ; 8:2, s. 95-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this contribution the authors set the Swedish rape legislation in a his- torical context and discusses the previous and current rape legislation in relation to some of the main arguments from feminist legal scholars and the feminist movement. The authors point out that the new consent-based offence is offering an important shift in which the responsibility of the act is moved from the victim and placed at the offender. Additionally, the new construction of rape sends a clear message that a woman’s body is no longer available until she says ‘no’, but unavailable until she says ‘yes’. Yet, there are some problems that still remain. The authors also scrutinise parts of the preparatory works and show that men’s knowledge and experiences permeate the preparatory work. In this regard it is pointed out that one effect of the male ratio- nale within the legislation is that women as a group, at least not all women, get access to the protection that the new rape legislation is supposed to offer them.
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| 7. |
- Bladini, Moa, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Rape Legislation – Rethinking Autonomy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Crisis, Healing and Re-Imagining. Law and Society Association 2021 Annual Meeting.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- After decades of debate and reforms on the rape legislation, a shift from a use of force-based into a consent-based rape offence (with voluntariness as the decisive criteria) entered into force in Sweden in July 2018. In this paper we present a review and critical analysis of the Swedish statutory regulation of rape, starting in the historical development and debates as a backdrop. We take our starting point in critique put forward within the field of feminist legal studies and uses an everyday life perspective to examine some of the assessments made in the preparatory work in the decisions made on how to best protect the individual’s right to personal and sexual integrity and sexual self-determination. The analysis shows that a male rationale permeates the preparatory works and points at a need for further research on the criterion of voluntariness and its presumptions on autonomy.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Gunnarsson, Åsa, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Genusrättsvetenskap
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den globala samhällsomvälvande #metoo-rörelsen som pågår i vår tid visar att genusrättsvetenskapens frågor om rätt och kön är centrala. I denna boks upplaga fördjupas ämnet genusrättsvetenskap: ett särskilt forskningsperspektiv på juridiken och ett kunskapsområde inom rättsvetenskapen. I forskningsfältet analyseras rätten och rättsvetenskapen med hjälp av genusrättsvetenskapliga teorier, metoder och begrepp, där kön och genus är de centrala begreppen.
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| 10. |
- Linder, Astrid, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Occupant safety assessment in European regulatory tests : review of occupant models, gaps and suggestion for bridging any gaps
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are two parts to the aim of this study. The first part was to review how adult men and women are represented in regulatory tests conducted to assess adult occupant safety in vehicles. Based on the results of the review an outline for how to better represent the adult population in regulatory tests was suggested. The second part of the aim, described as emancipatory knowledge of interest, included highlighting the values declared in the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter referred as "the Treaties"). This means that the purpose of the knowledge is to recognize the legal values of equality between women and men, as well as non-discrimination on which the Union is founded, article 2 of the Treaty on European Union. as expressed in the above-mentioned Treaties. In addition to that to contribute to women's and men's liberation and to the development of society.
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