| 1. |
- Bylund, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Collecting and Associating Data
- 2010
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The present invention relates to a method and system for collecting human migration data into a database, comprising the steps of receiving information regarding the spatial movement, here called a path, or stationary position, here called a station, of a mobile device in a communication network, from the same communication network, and associating information or a sequence of information that represents a path or a station, here called a signal, with previously collected specific information regarding an individual associated with the mobile device. The inventive method specifically comprises the steps of de-identifying the information by deleting all information that can uniquely identify the mobile device or the individual from the signal and from the specific information, and storing the signal together with the specific information in the database, the signal and personal information thus being associated with each other and stored without any information that can uniquely identify the mobile device or the individual.
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| 2. |
- Giannoulis, Constantinos, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing Consumer Preference in System Requirements Through Business Strategy
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design. - : IGI Global. - 1947-8186 .- 1947-8194. ; 4:4, s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A core concern within Business-IT alignment is coordinating strategic initiatives and plans with Information Systems (IS). Substantial work has been done on linking strategy to requirements for IS development, but it has usually been focused on the core value exchanges offered by the business, and thus overlooking other aspects that influence the implementation of strategy. One of these, consumer preferences, has been proven to influence the successful provisioning of the business's customer value proposition, and this study aims to establish a conceptual link between both strategy and consumer preferences to system requirements. The core contention is that reflecting consumer preferences through business strategy in system requirements allows for the development of aligned systems, and therefore systems that better support a consumer orientation. The contribution of this paper is an approach to establish such alignment, with this being accomplished through the proposal of a consumer preference meta-model mapped to a business strategy meta-model further linked to a system requirements technique. The validity of this proposal is demonstrated through a case study carried out within an institution of higher education in Sweden.
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| 3. |
- Han, Shengnan, et al.
(författare)
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Aligning artificial intelligence with human values : reflections from a phenomenological perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: AI & Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0951-5666 .- 1435-5655. ; 37:4, s. 1383-1395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) must be directed at humane ends. The development of AI has produced great uncertainties of ensuring AI alignment with human values (AI value alignment) through AI operations from design to use. For the purposes of addressing this problem, we adopt the phenomenological theories of material values and technological mediation to be that beginning step. In this paper, we first discuss the AI value alignment from the relevant AI studies. Second, we briefly present what are material values and technological mediation and reflect on the AI value alignment through the lenses of these theories. We conclude that a set of finite human values can be defined and adapted to the stable life tasks that AI systems will be called upon to accomplish. The AI value alignment can also be fostered between designers and users through technological mediation. Upon that foundation, we propose a set of common principles to understand the AI value alignment through phenomenological theories. This paper contributes the unique knowledge of phenomenological theories to the discourse on AI alignment with human values.
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| 4. |
- Han, Shengnan, et al.
(författare)
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Digital proctoring in higher education : a systematic literature review
- 2022
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Ingår i: ECIS 2022 Proceedings. - : Association for Information Systems (AIS).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the academic integrity of online examination, digital proctoring systems have been implemented in higher education worldwide, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we conducted a literature review of the research on digital proctoring in higher education. We found 115 relevant publications in nine databases. We applied topic modeling methods to analyze the corpus which resulted in eight topics. The review shows that the previous studies focus largely on the systems’ development, adoption of the systems, the effects of proctored online exams on students’ performance, and the legal, ethical, security, and privacy issues of digital proctoring. The annual topic trends indicate future research concerns, such as systems’ development, online programs (MOOCs) and proctoring, along with various issues of using digital proctoring. The results of the review provide useful insights as well asimplications for future research on digital proctoring, a crucial process for digitalizing higher education.
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| 5. |
- Han, Shengnan, et al.
(författare)
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Reflections on artificial intelligence alignment with human values : A phenomenological perspective
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). - : Association for Information Systems. - 9781733632515
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need for a systematic approach to work with artificial intelligence (AI) is current and rapidly growing. It is important that Information Systems researchers get ahead of public sentiment and be able to provide proactive commentary about the current state-of-the-art, as well as solutions for future systems. One critical question is how can we ensure value alignment between AI and human values through AI operations from design to use? For the purposes of this discussion, we adopt the phenomenological theories of material values and technological mediation to be that beginning step. In this paper, we firstly analyze the AI phenomenon from selected resources from the top IS research outlets (basket of 8 journals and 5 AI journals in IS). Secondly, we briefly present what are material values and technological mediation and reflect on the AI value alignment principle through the lenses of these theories. Supported by these new understandings and reflections, we propose to build a common principle of human values to understand the AI value alignment principle through phenomenological theories. The paper contributes the unique aspect of material values to the discourse within current AI research.
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| 6. |
- Nguyen, Vu, et al.
(författare)
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A Semi-Automated Method for Capturing Consumer Preferences for System Requirements
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319483924 - 9783319483931 ; , s. 117-132
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a pressing need in the modern business environment for business-supporting software products to address countless consumers’ desires, where customer orientation is a key success factor. Consumer preference is thus an essential input for the requirements elicitation process of public-facing enterprise systems. Previous studies in this area have proposed a process to capture and translate consumer preferences into system-related goals using the Consumer Preference Meta-Model (CPMM) used to integrate consumer values from the marketing domain into objectives of information systems. However, there exists a knowledge gap between how this process can be automated at a large scale, when massive data sources, such as social media data, are used as inputs for the process. To address this problem, a case in which social media data related to four major US airlines is collected from Twitter, is analyzed by a set of text mining techniques and hosted in a consumer preference model, and is further translated to goal models in the ADOxx modelling platform. The analysis of experimental results revealed that the collection, recognition, model creation, and mapping of consumer preferences can be fully or partly automated. The result of this study is a semi-automated method for capturing and filtering consumer preferences as goals for system development, a method which significantly increases the efficiency of large-scale consumer data processing.
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| 7. |
- Paulsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Subjective Values and Their Implications for Green IS Research
- 2019
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Ingår i: ICIS 2019. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9780996683197
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green Information Systems (IS) are defined in terms of certain sustainability-related characteristics. Sustainability itself is a concept based on subjective values and value judgments, which are political, value-laden, and context-dependent. However, Green IS literature does not provide a sufficient understanding of such subjective values nor their treatment. Also, value-judgments for Green IS have hardly been considered. We adapt material value-ethics to expose the fundamentals of subjective values. Reviewing and synthesizing work in which subjective values and value judgments have been explicitly considered in sustainability decision-making, we improve our understanding of their use and formalization. Finally, we discuss our findings through the lens of material-value ethics, and offer reflective arguments towards clarifying the role of values in Green IS. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of subjective values and subjective value judgments for sustainability, along with their critical and significant implications for Green IS research.
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| 8. |
- Sanches, Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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Knowing your population : privacy-sensitive mining of massive data
- 2013
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Ingår i: Network and Communication Technologies. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1927-064X .- 1927-0658. ; 2:1, s. 34-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Location and mobility patterns of individuals are important to environmental planning, societal resilience, public health, and a host of commercial applications. Mining telecommunication traffic and transactions data for such purposes is controversial, in particular raising issues of privacy. However, our hypothesis is that privacy-sensitive uses are possible and often beneficial enough to warrant considerable research and development efforts. Our work contends that peoples’ behavior can yield patterns of both significant commercial, and research, value. For such purposes, methods and algorithms for mining telecommunication data to extract commonly used routes and locations, articulated through time-geographical constructs, are described in a case study within the area of transportation planning and analysis. From the outset, these were designed to balance the privacy of subscribers and the added value of mobility patterns derived from their mobile communication traffic and transactions data. Our work directly contrasts the current, commonly held notion that value can only be added to services by directly monitoring the behavior of individuals, such as in current attempts at location-based services. We position our work within relevant legal frameworks for privacy and data protection, and show that our methods comply with such requirements and also follow best-practices.
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| 9. |
- Svee, Eric-Oluf, et al.
(författare)
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A Model-based Approach for Capturing Consumer Preferences from Crowdsources : The Case of Twitter
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE RCIS 2016. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781479987108 ; , s. 65-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consumer choices are enormously influential in the success of the companies and organizations behind the highly competitive global service and product offerings of today. Consumer choice relates to preference, i.e. a set of assumptions a person creates around a service or a product such as convenience, utility or aesthetics. Furthermore, consumer preferences allow ranking of different assumptions about products or services based on the expected or to-be-experienced satisfaction of consuming them. In our previous work, we proposed a conceptualization of consumer preferences—the Consumer Preference Meta-Model (CPMM)—to enable a classification and ranking of the preferences that would be the basis for deciding which of would be considered to be developed into supporting information systems/services. In this study we collect consumer preferences through crowdsourcing, and in particular Twitter, because of its increasing popularity as a source of up-to-date comments and information about current services and products. The tweets of four major American airlines were processed using different techniques from natural language processing (NLP) that enabled the classification of their objectives, content, and importance within CPMM. By next mapping the highest-ranked results from CPMM to goal models enabled a model-based linkage from a corpus of preferences contained within short texts to high-level requirements for system/services.
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| 10. |
- Svee, Eric-Oluf, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing and Representing Values for Requirements of Personal Health Records
- 2013
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Ingår i: PoEM Short Papers. ; , s. 166-175
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients’ access to their medical records in the form of Personal Health Records (PHRs) is a central part of the ongoing shift in health policy, where patient empowerment is in focus. A survey was conducted to gauge the stakeholder requirements of patients in regards to functionality requests in PHRs. Models from goal-oriented requirements engineering were created to express the values and preferences held by patients in regards to PHRs from this survey. The present study concludes that patient values can be extracted from survey data, allowing the incorporation of values in the common workflow of requirements engineering without extensive reworking.
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