| 1. |
- TEDDY study group, The, et al.
(författare)
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The environmental determinants of diabetes in the young (TEDDY) study: Study design
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 8:5, s. 286-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary objective of this multicenter, multinational, epidemiological study is the identification of infectious agents, dietary factors, or other environmental exposures that are associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Factors affecting specific phenotypic manifestations such as early age of onset or rate of progression or with protection from the development of T1DM will also be identified. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an observational cohort study in which newborns who are younger than 4 months and have high-risk human leukocyte antigen alleles in the general population or are first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients affected with T1DM will be enrolled. Six clinical centers in the USA and Europe will screen 361 588 newborns, of which it is anticipated that 17 804 will be eligible for enrollment with just over 7800 followed. Recruitment will occur over 5 yr, with children being followed to the age of 15 yr. Identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and result in new strategies to prevent, delay, or reverse T1DM.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Arvidsson, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of process-oriented group supervision as reported by nursing students : a pilot study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - Köpenhamn : SSN [Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden]. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 28:1, s. 26-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One method to ensure that nursing students are better prepared for their future professional role can be to offer them process-oriented group supervision. The aim of this prospective, longitudinal pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a process-oriented group supervision programme (PGSP) comprising educational, supportive and developmental areas based on reports by nursing students undergoing a 3-year nursing education. The students (N=61) evaluated their experiences of the PGSP by means of a questionnaire, which they filled in after each study year. An independent t-test was conducted to compare the educational, supportive, and developmental areas after the first (2002), second (2003) and third year (2004) as well as over the whole 3-year study period. The result showed no significant difference in scores in the educational area. However, there was a significant increase in the supportive area (p=.03) over the 3-year period, which was especially noticeable during the first year (p=.013). There was also an increase in the developmental area over the 3-year period (p=.021) as well as during the first year (p=.024). Thus, PGSP seems to develop nursing students in their professional identity and personal growth. However, as this was a pilot study, a research implication is to perform a large-scale study over a longer period of time.
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| 4. |
- Bieroza, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrologic Extremes and Legacy Sources Can Override Efforts to Mitigate Nutrient and Sediment Losses at the Catchment Scale
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Quality. - : AMER SOC AGRONOMY. - 0047-2425 .- 1537-2537. ; 48:5, s. 1314-1324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combating eutrophication requires changes in land and water management in agricultural catchments and implementation of mitigation measures to reduce phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and suspended sediment (SS) losses. To date, such mitigation measures have been built in many agricultural catchments, but there is a lack of studies evaluating their effectiveness. Here we evaluated the effectiveness of mitigation measures in a clay soildominated headwater catchment by combining the evaluation of long-term and high-frequency data with punctual measurements upstream and downstream of three mitigation measures: limefilter drains, a two-stage ditch, and a sedimentation pond. Long-term hydrochemical data at the catchment outlet showed a significant decrease in P (-15%) and SS (-28%) and an increase in nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N, + 13%) concentrations. Highfrequency (hourly) measurements with a wet-chemistry analyzer (total and reactive P) and optical sensor (NO3-N and SS) showed that the catchment is an abundant source of nutrients and sediments and that their transport is exacerbated by prolonged drought and resuspension of stream sediments during storm events. Lime-filter drains showed a decrease in SS by 76% and total P by 80% and an increase in NO3-N by 45% compared with traditional drains, potentially indicating pollution swapping. The effectiveness of two-stage ditch and sedimentation pond was less evident and depended on the prevalent hydrometeorological conditions that drove the resuspension of bed sediments and associated sediment-bound P transport. These results suggest that increased frequency of prolonged drought due to changing weather patterns and resuspension of SS and sediment-bound P during storm events can override the generally positive effect of mitigation measures.
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| 5. |
- Brorson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Role of Compression after Liposuction
- 2016
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Ingår i: Veins and Lymphatics. - : PAGEPress Publications. - 2279-7483. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liposuction, which is a very effective treatment modality to reduce lymphedema, can be performed as soon as the pitting component had been corrected by a phase of initial compression (Figure 1). Just like after conservative treatment, the use of compression garments after liposuction is very important to maintain the outcome.Garments should be prescribed in such numbers so that the edema does not recur. A common mistake is that the patient receive one, or if lucky two, garments, after treatment. When the arm or leg is swollen again the patient comes back to the therapist and treatment starts again, and so on. Instead the patient must be followed up at his needs in order to prevent recurrence. This means that treatment must be individualized. An elderly woman may need two garments every 6 months, while a young active patient with a heavy work may need two garments every month. One can draw a parallel to the dosage of insulin to a patient with diabetes that in the same way must be individualized. Nobody prescribes two vials of insulin for 6 months, when the patient needs that same amount for one month.The purpose of compression therapy is to increase the interstitial pressure so that the capillary filtration is decreased. When treated with standard compression garments a study showed a reduction of the excess volume (1680 mL; range 670-3320) after two weeks with 20% (range 5-37) corresponding to 338 ml (range 95-1225).1 Studies of treatment for 6 months have shown a reduction of excess volume of 17% (range 16-52), corresponding to a volume of 139 mL (range 150-345).2Compression garments can be used at the onset of symptoms to possibly prevent the development of lymphedema. Garments that are used throughout the day (15 years’ follow-up)3 as well as only daytime (6 months follow-up)2 prevent the edema to recur.Compression garments must be ordered by a qualified and experienced lymphedema team, consisting of a lymph therapist with a basic education in physiotherapy or occupational therapy and a physician. The team should have vast knowledge regarding various compression trademarks and how to take measurements for ordering of garments. In order to increase compliance and feedback, the team should never let the patient have the measurements for ordering of garments taken by a retailer outside of the team.
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| 6. |
- Brorson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Suction-assisted lipectomy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Lymphedema : Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment - Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319144924 - 9783319144931 ; , s. 313-324
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 39.Brorson H, Svensson B, Ohlin K. Suction-Assisted Lipectomy. In: Greene AK, Slavin S, Brorson H, editors, Lymphedema - Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2015: p. 313-324.
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| 7. |
- Brorson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Volume measurements and follow-up
- 2015
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Ingår i: Lymphedema : Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment - Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319144924 - 9783319144931 ; , s. 115-122
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Bruce, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola : barnet, språket och pedagogiken
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att lyfta fram betydelsen av lärandemiljön, språket och pedagogiken, och för att komma bort från ett ensidigt fokus på barnets/elevens språkliga förmåga, presenterar författarna i den här boken ett i sammanhanget helt nytt begrepp: språklig sårbarhet. Den språkliga sårbarheten uppstår som en obalans mellan barnets/elevens språkliga förutsättningar och de förväntningar som ställs på språklig förståelse och uttrycksförmåga i kunskapsutveckling och kamratrelationer. Det innebär att sårbarheten ökar i takt med att de språkliga kraven i skolan blir högre. Samtidigt blir den mer dold i kraft av att den inte längre gör sig påmind i uttalet. Boken presenterar både typisk språkutveckling och olika typer av hinder och utmaningar med fokus på pedagogiska möjligheter. Ett centralt inslag är lärares språkliga medvetenhet i syfte att möjliggöra och främja samverkan och samsyn mellan olika professioner. Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola vänder sig till lärare, specialpedagoger, speciallärare och logopeder – verksamma såväl som studerande – samt till alla inom elevhälsa och med ledaransvar.
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| 9. |
- Bruce, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola : barnet, språket och pedagogiken
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att lyfta fram betydelsen av lärandemiljön, språket och pedagogiken, och för att komma bort från ett ensidigt fokus på barnets/elevens språkliga förmåga, presenterar författarna i den här boken ett i sammanhanget helt nytt begrepp: språklig sårbarhet. Den språkliga sårbarheten uppstår som en obalans mellan barnets/elevens språkliga förutsättningar och de förväntningar som ställs på språklig förståelse och uttrycksförmåga i kunskapsutveckling och kamratrelationer. Det innebär att sårbarheten ökar i takt med att de språkliga kraven i skolan blir högre. Samtidigt blir den mer dold i kraft av att den inte längre gör sig påmind i uttalet. Boken presenterar både typisk språkutveckling och olika typer av hinder och utmaningar med fokus på pedagogiska möjligheter. Ett centralt inslag är lärares språkliga medvetenhet i syfte att möjliggöra och främja samverkan och samsyn mellan olika professioner. Språklig sårbarhet i förskola och skola vänder sig till lärare, specialpedagoger, speciallärare och logopeder –verksamma såväl som studerande – samt till alla inom elevhälsa och med ledaransvar.
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| 10. |
- Brånemark, Per-Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Zygoma fixture in the management of advanced atrophy of the maxilla: technique and long-term results.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery and hand surgery / Nordisk plastikkirurgisk forening [and] Nordisk klubb for handkirurgi. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-4311. ; 38:2, s. 70-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite refinements in surgical technique, including bone grafting and sophisticated prosthetic reconstructions, there are limitations to what can be achieved with bone-anchored fixed prostheses in patients with advanced atrophy of the maxillae. A new approach was suggested by a long-term study on onlay bone grafting and simultaneous placement of a fixture based on a new design: the zygoma fixture, and the aim of this study was to assess its potential. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with severely resorbed edentulous maxillae were included, 13 of whom had previously had multiple fixture surgery in the jawbone that had failed. A total of 52 zygoma fixtures and 106 conventional fixtures were installed. Bone grafting was deemed necessary in 17 patients. All patients have been followed for at least five years, and nine for up to 10 years. All patients were followed up with clinical and radiographic examinations, and in some cases rhinoscopy and sinoscopy as well. Three zygoma fixtures failed; two at the time of connection of the abutment and the third after six years. Of the conventional fixtures placed at the time of the zygoma fixture, 29 (27%) were lost. The overall prosthetic rehabilitation rate was 96% after at least five years of function. There were no signs of inflammatory reaction in the surrounding antral mucosa. Four patients with recurrent sinusitis recovered after inferior meatal antrostomy. To conclude, the zygoma fixture seems to be a valuable addition to our repertoire in the management of the compromised maxilla.
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