| 1. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Between protocol and reality : Swedish municipal comprehensive planning
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 26:1, s. 35-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial planning using a landscape approach has been recognized as being essential for reconciling ecological, cultural and socioeconomic dimensions in sustainable development (SuD). Although embraced as a concept, there is a lack of planning tools capable of incorporating multi-level, multifunctional and multi-sectoral perspectives, especially in a rural context. The departure point in this paper is the legal requirements for municipal comprehensive planning (MCP) in Sweden and an e-mail survey about incentives, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation in MCP in all 15 Swedish mountain municipalities. The purpose of this explorative study is to examine whether MCP could be a tool in planning for SuD. Results indicate a general lack of resources and a low status of MCP that affect, and even limit, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation. However, legal requirements for MCP are targeted at SuD, and municipal personnel responsible for planning appreciate the potential of MCP. Therefore, there is potential to develop the MCP into an effective landscape planning tool. To accomplish this, the status of an active planning process has to be raised, the mandate of the local planning agency has to be secured, and residents and land users have to be involved throughout the planning process.
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| 2. |
- Ericsson, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Att analysera interaktion
- 2023
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Snart sagt alla situationer en människa befinner sig i präglas av interaktion. Människor pratar med varandra, rör sig genom ett rum, utbyter blickar, lär sig saker, arbetar, skämtar, håller i föremål ... Utmärkande för oss människor är nämligen att vi får saker och ting gjorda med vårt språk och våra kroppsliga resurser. Genom sådana handlingar påverkar vi vår omvärld och våra medmänniskor - och vi gör det tillsammans med dem. Det är studiet av denna mänskliga interaktion som boken handlar om. I första delen introduceras forskningsfältet interaktionsanalys och de arbetssätt, redskap och etiska ställningstaganden som hör till fältet. Den andra delen innehåller forskningsstudier som visar på bredden inom fältet och som pedagogiskt leder läsaren genom hela analysarbetet. Till boken hör även ett videomaterial som illustrerar några av bokens exempel, och som är tillgängligt för läsarens egna studier. Att analysera interaktion är avsedd för utbildningar inom språk vetenskap och angränsande ämnen som sociologi, utbildningsvetenskap och kommunikation.
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| 3. |
- Gad, Helge, et al.
(författare)
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MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 508:7495, s. 215-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in reactive oxygen species production, damaging both DNA and free dNTPs. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized dNTP pools to prevent incorporation of damaged bases during DNA replication. Although MTH1 is non-essential in normal cells, we show that cancer cells require MTH1 activity to avoid incorporation of oxidized dNTPs, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. We validate MTH1 as an anticancer target in vivo and describe small molecules TH287 and TH588 as first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitors that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 protein in cells. Protein co-crystal structures demonstrate that the inhibitors bindin the active site of MTH1. The inhibitors cause incorporation of oxidized dNTPs in cancer cells, leading to DNA damage, cytotoxicity and therapeutic responses in patient-derived mouse xenografts. This study exemplifies the non-oncogene addiction concept for anticancer treatment and validates MTH1 as being cancer phenotypic lethal.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Emma, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Gothenburg Breast reconstruction (GoBreast) II protocol: a Swedish partially randomised patient preference, superiority trial comparing autologous and implant-based breast reconstruction.
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - 2044-6055. ; 14:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although breast reconstruction is an integral part of breast cancer treatment, there is little high-quality evidence to indicate which method is the most effective. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are generally thought to provide the most solid scientific evidence, but there are significant barriers to conducting RCTs in breast reconstruction, making both recruitment and achieving unbiased and generalisable results a challenge. The objective of this study is to compare implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction in non-irradiated patients. Moreover, the study aims to improve the evidence for trial decision-making in breast reconstruction.The study design partially randomised patient preference trial might be a way to overcome the aforementioned challenges. In the present study, patients who consent to randomisation will be randomised to implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction, whereas patients with strong preferences will be able to choose the method. The study is designed as a superiority trial based on the patient-reported questionnaire BREAST-Q and 124 participants will be randomised. In the preference cohort, patients will be included until 62 participants have selected the least popular alternative. Follow-up will be 60 months. Embedded qualitative studies and within-trial economic evaluation will be performed. The primary outcome is patient-reported breast-specific quality of life/satisfaction, and the secondary outcomes are complications, factors affecting satisfaction and cost-effectiveness.The study has been approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (2023-04754-01). Results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at peer-reviewed scientific meetings.NCT06195865.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Camilla, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes: analysis of chondrogenic potential and expression pattern of differentiation-related transcription factors.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. - : Wiley. - 0736-0266. ; 25:2, s. 152-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a candidate for replacing chondrocytes in cell-based repair of cartilage lesions. However, it has not been clarified if these cells can acquire the hyaline phenotype, and whether chondrocytes and MSCs show the same expression patterns of critical control genes in development. In order to study this, articular chondrocytes and iliac crest derived MSCs were allowed to differentiate in pellet mass cultures. Gene expression of markers for the cartilage phenotype, helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factors, and chondrogenic transcription factors were analyzed by real-time PCR. Matrix production was assayed using biochemical analysis for hydroxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, and immunohistochemistry for collagen types I and II. Significantly decreased expression of collagen type I was accompanied by increased expression of collagen types IIA and IIB during differentiation of chondrocytes, indicating differentiation towards a hyaline phenotype. Chondrogenesis in MSCs on the other hand resulted in up-regulation of collagen types I, IIA, IIB, and X, demonstrating differentiation towards cartilage of a mixed phenotype. Expression of HES1 increased significantly during chondrogenesis in chondrocytes while expression in MSCs was maintained at a low level. The HLH gene HES5 on the other hand was only detected in chondrocytes. Expression of ID1 decreased significantly in chondrocytes while the opposite was seen in MSCs. These findings suggest that chondrocytes and MSCs differentiated and formed different subtypes of cartilage, the hyaline and a mixed cartilage phenotype, respectively. Differentially regulated HLH genes indicated the possibility for HLH proteins in regulating chondrogenic differentiation. This information is important to understand the potential use of MSCs in cartilage repair.
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Las viktig i kampen mot sextrakasserier
- 2018
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Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten, 2018-04-06.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Var tredje kvinna har utsatts för sexuella trakasserier på jobbet och många lämnar sin anställning. Därför är det allvarligt att lagen om anställningsskydd nu ifrågasätts från flera håll. Ett försvagat anställningsskydd skulle vara förödande i arbetet mot sexuella trakasserier på arbetsplatsen, skriver Pierre Svensson och Camilla Lundgren från Unionen, tillsammans med Eva-Maria Svensson och Ninni Carlsson från Göteborgs universitet
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| 7. |
- Abusibaa, W. A., et al.
(författare)
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Expression of the GBGT1 Gene and the Forssman Antigen in Red Blood Cells in a Palestinian Population
- 2019
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Ingår i: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-3796 .- 1660-3818. ; 46:6, s. 450-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Forssman antigen (FORS1 Ag) is expressed on human red blood cells (RBCs). We investigated its presence on RBCs from Palestinian subjects and Swedish subjects by serological testing and by sequencing part of exon 7 of the GBGT1 gene, which encodes Forssman synthase. -Materials and Methods: Blood samples from Palestinian subjects (n = 211 adults and n = 73 newborns) and from Swedish subjects (n = 47 adults) were analyzed in the study. RBCs from the Palestinian samples were typed for the FORS1 Ag using a monoclonal anti-Forssman antibody. The GBGT1 gene was genotyped by DNA sequencing (all adult samples) or by using amplification refractory mutation system PCR (newborn samples). Results: All of the studied samples were negative for the FORS1 Ag by serologic typing. DNA sequencing of the 3′ end of exon 7 of the GBGT1 gene, which includes Arg296, showed that all samples had the wild-type Arg296 sequence, which is associated with an inactive form of Forssman synthase. We detected four single nucleotide polymorphisms in the adult samples; two were silent (p.Tyr232=, p.Gly290=), and two were missense (p.Arg243Cys, p.Arg243His). The allele frequencies ranged from 0.2 to 3.6%. The p.Arg243Cys SNP was a novel SNP that was detected in one Palestinian sample. Conclusion: Our results confirmed the allelic diversity of GBGT1 and identified a novel nucleotide polymorphism in this gene, p.Arg243Cys. Our results also confirmed that the FORS blood group system is a low-frequency system. © 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel. Copyright: All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Adori, Csaba, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the role of neuropeptide S in the regulation of arousal : a functional anatomical study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Brain Structure and Function. - : Springer. - 1863-2653 .- 1863-2661. ; 221:7, s. 3521-3546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a regulatory peptide expressed by limited number of neurons in the brainstem. The simultaneous anxiolytic and arousal-promoting effect of NPS suggests an involvement in mood control and vigilance, making the NPS-NPS receptor system an interesting potential drug target. Here we examined, in detail, the distribution of NPS-immunoreactive (IR) fiber arborizations in brain regions of rat known to be involved in the regulation of sleep and arousal. Such nerve terminals were frequently apposed to GABAergic/galaninergic neurons in the ventro-lateral preoptic area (VLPO) and to tyrosine hydroxylase-IR neurons in all hypothalamic/thalamic dopamine cell groups. Then we applied the single platform-on-water (mainly REM) sleep deprivation method to study the functional role of NPS in the regulation of arousal. Of the three pontine NPS cell clusters, the NPS transcript levels were increased only in the peri-coerulear group in sleep-deprived animals, but not in stress controls. The density of NPS-IR fibers was significantly decreased in the median preoptic nucleus-VLPO region after the sleep deprivation, while radioimmunoassay and mass spectrometry measurements showed a parallel increase of NPS in the anterior hypothalamus. The expression of the NPS receptor was, however, not altered in the VLPO-region. The present results suggest a selective activation of one of the three NPS-expressing neuron clusters as well as release of NPS in distinct forebrain regions after sleep deprivation. Taken together, our results emphasize a role of the peri-coerulear cluster in the modulation of arousal, and the importance of preoptic area for the action of NPS on arousal and sleep.
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| 9. |
- Agalave, Nilesh M., et al.
(författare)
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Sex-dependent role of microglia in disulfide high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated mechanical hypersensitivity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 162:2, s. 446-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is increasingly regarded as an important player in the spinal regulation of chronic pain. Although it has been reported that HMGB1 induces spinal glial activation in a Toll-like receptor (TLR)4-dependent fashion, the aspect of sexual dimorphisms has not been thoroughly addressed. Here, we examined whether the action of TLR4-activating, partially reduced disulfide HMGB1 on microglia induces nociceptive behaviors in a sex-dependent manner. We found disulfide HMGB1 to equally increase microglial Iba1 immunoreactivity in lumbar spinal dorsal horn in male and female mice, but evoke higher cytokine and chemokine expression in primary microglial culture derived from males compared to females. Interestingly, TLR4 ablation in myeloid-derived cells, which include microglia, only protected male mice from developing HMGB1-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Spinal administration of the glial inhibitor, minocycline, with disulfide HMGB1 also prevented pain-like behavior in male mice. To further explore sex difference, we examined the global spinal protein expression using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and found several antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory proteins to be upregulated in only male mice subjected to minocycline. One of the proteins elevated, alpha-1-antitrypsin, partially protected males but not females from developing HMGB1-induced pain. Targeting downstream proteins of alpha-1-antitrypsin failed to produce robust sex differences in pain-like behavior, suggesting that several proteins identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry are required to modulate the effects. Taken together, the current study highlights the importance of mapping sex dimorphisms in pain mechanisms and point to processes potentially involved in the spinal antinociceptive effect of microglial inhibition in male mice.
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| 10. |
- Agalave, Nilesh M, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal HMGB1 induces TLR4-mediated long-lasting hypersensitivity and glial activation and regulates pain-like behavior in experimental arthritis.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 155:9, s. 1802-1813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) plays important roles in the pathogenesis of nerve injury- and cancer-induced pain. However, the involvement of spinal HMGB1 in arthritis-induced pain has not been examined previously and is the focus of this study. Immunohistochemistry showed that HMGB1 is expressed in neurons and glial cells in the spinal cord. Subsequent to induction of collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA), Hmgb1 mRNA and extranuclear protein levels were significantly increased in the lumbar spinal cord. Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of a neutralizing anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody or recombinant HMGB1 box A peptide (Abox), which each prevent extracellular HMGB1 activities, reversed CAIA-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. This occurred during ongoing joint inflammation as well as during the postinflammatory phase, indicating that spinal HMGB1 has an important function in nociception persisting beyond episodes of joint inflammation. Importantly, only HMGB1 in its partially oxidized isoform (disulfide HMGB1), which activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), but not in its fully reduced or fully oxidized isoforms, evoked mechanical hypersensitivity upon i.t. injection. Interestingly, although both male and female mice developed mechanical hypersensitivity in response to i.t. HMGB1, female mice recovered faster. Furthermore, the pro-nociceptive effect of i.t. injection of HMGB1 persisted in Tlr2- and Rage-, but was absent in Tlr4-deficient mice. The same pattern was observed for HMGB1-induced spinal microglia and astrocyte activation and cytokine induction. These results demonstrate that spinal HMGB1 contributes to nociceptive signal transmission via activation of TLR4 and point to disulfide HMGB1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in treatment of chronic inflammatory pain.
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