| 1. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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A Security Framework in Digital Twins for Cloud-based Industrial Control Systems: Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA ). - 9781728129891 - 9781728129907
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the help of modern technologies and advances in communication systems, the functionality of Industrial control systems (ICS) has been enhanced leading toward to have more efficient and smarter ICS. However, this makes these systems more and more connected and part of a networked system. This can provide an entry point for attackers to infiltrate the system and cause damage with potentially catastrophic consequences. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a digital twin-based security framework for ICS that consists of two parts: attack detection and attack mitigation. In this framework we deploy an intrusion detection system in digital domain that can detect attacks in a timely manner. Then, using our mitigation method, we keep the system stable with acceptable performance during the attack. Additionally, we implement our framework on a real testbed and evaluate its capability by subjecting it to a set of attacks.
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| 2. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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Attack Resilient Cloud-Based Control Systems for Industry 4.0
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536. ; 11, s. 27865-27882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, since the cloud can provide tremendous advantages regarding storage and computing resources, the industry has been motivated to move industrial control systems to the cloud. However, the cloud also introduces significant security challenges since moving control systems to the cloud can enable attackers to infiltrate the system and establish an attack that can lead to damages and disruptions with potentially catastrophic consequences. Therefore, some security measures are necessary to detect these attacks in a timely manner and mitigate their impact. In this paper, we propose a security framework for cloud control systems that makes them resilient against attacks. This framework includes three steps: attack detection, attack isolation, and attack mitigation. We validate our proposed framework on a real testbed and evaluate its capability by subjecting it to a set of attacks. We show that our proposed solution can detect an attack in a timely manner and keep the plant stable, with high performance during the attack.
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| 3. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration: A cloud-control system equipped with intrusion detection and mitigation
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys 2021).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cloud control systems (CCs) are inseparable parts of industry 4.0. The cloud, by providing storage and computing resources, allows the controllers to evaluate complex problems that are too computationally demanding to perform locally. However, connecting physical systems to the cloud through the network can provide an entry point for attackers to infiltrate the system and cause damage with potentially catastrophic consequences. Hence, in this paper, we present a demo of our proposed security framework for CCs and demonstrate how it can detect attacks on this system quickly and mitigate them.
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| 4. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting and Mitigating Actuator Attacks on Cloud Control Systems through Digital Twins
- 2023
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Ingår i: The 31st International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM 2023). - 9798350301076
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, the industry has been driven to move industrial control systems to the cloud due to the significant advantages it offers in terms of storage and computing resources. However, this shift also brings forth significant security challenges. By moving control systems to the cloud, the potential for attackers to infiltrate the system and launch damaging attacks increases. These attacks can result in severe disruptions and potentially catastrophic consequences. Hence, attack detection and mitigation mechanisms are crucial for cloud control systems. In this paper, we present an approach that leverages the digital twins concept and virtual actuator method to detect and mitigate deception attacks on control signals within cloud control systems. By conducting experiments on a real testbed and subjecting it to a set of attacks, we validate the effectiveness of our solution. Our proposed method successfully detects attacks in a timely manner and keeps the plant stable, with a good performance during the attack.
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| 5. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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Detection and mitigation of deception attacks on cloud-based industrial control systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: 25th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN). - 9781728186887
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, because the cloud can provide huge advantages regarding storage and computing resources, industry has been motivated to move industrial control systems to the cloud. However, the cloud also introduces major security challenges, since moving control systems to the cloud can enable attackers to infiltrate the system and establish an attack that can lead to damages and disruptions with potentially catastrophic consequences. Therefore, intrusion detection and mitigation mechanisms are crucial for cloud-based industrial control systems. In this paper, we propose a method for detection and mitigation of deception attacks on actuator signals in cloud-based industrial control systems. We validate our solution on a real testbed and evaluate its capability by subjecting it to a set of attacks. Our proposed solution can detect the attack in a timely manner and keep the plant stable, with an acceptable performance during the attack.
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| 6. |
- Akbarian, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
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Resilient Cloud Control System: Dynamic Frequency Adaptation via Q-learning
- 2024
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Ingår i: 27th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN). - 9798350393774 - 9798350393767
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional control systems face challenges in managing high data loads and computing power, prompting the evolution of Cloud Control Systems (CCS)-a fusion of Networked Control Systems (NCS) and cloud computing. Despite offering manifold advantages, CCS encounters hurdles in navigating the dynamic cloud environment characterized by fluctuating workloads, rendering static frequency settings inefficient. Moreover, the optimal utilization of cloud resources poses a pivotal challenge within CCS operations. To address these, the paper proposes a resilient CCS by adapting system frequency dynamically. Leveraging Q-learning, the approach measures Round Trip Time (RTT) and system output errors, dynamically adjusting the system's frequency to minimize control costs, optimize performance within the dynamic cloud environment, and achieve resource frugality, minimizing resource usage. Through real testbed experiments, this paper evaluates and analyzes the effectiveness of the proposed method, aiming to establish an adaptive and efficient control framework aligned with evolving cloud dynamics.
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| 7. |
- Callebaut, Gilles, et al.
(författare)
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An Open Dataset Storage Standard for 6G Testbeds
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements and Applications (CAMA). - 9798350323047 ; , s. 347-352
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of sixth-generation (6G) networks has spurred the development of novel testbeds, including sub-THz networks, cell-free systems, and 6G simulators. To maximize the benefits of these systems, it is crucial to make the generated data publicly available and easily reusable by others. Although data sharing has become a common practice, a lack of standardization hinders data accessibility and interoperability. In this study, we propose the Dataset Storage Standard (DSS) to address these challenges by facilitating data exchange and enabling convenient processing script creation in a testbed-agnostic manner. DSS supports both experimental and simulated data, allowing researchers to employ the same processing scripts and tools across different datasets. Unlike existing standardization efforts such as SigMF and NI RF Data Recording API, DSS provides a broader scope by accommodating a common definition file for testbeds and is not limited to RF data storage. The dataset format utilizes a hierarchical structure, with a tensor representation for specific experiment scenarios. In summary, DSS offers a comprehensive and flexible framework for enhancing the FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) in 6G testbeds, promoting open and efficient data sharing in the research community.
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| 8. |
- Callebaut, Gilles, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic Federations for 6G Cell-Free Networking: Concepts and Terminology
- 2022
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Ingår i: 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC). - 9781665494557 - 9781665494564
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-Free networking is one of the prime candidatesfor 6G networks. Despite being capable of providing the 6Gneeds, practical limitations and considerations are often neglectedin current research. In this work, we introduce the conceptof federations to dynamically scale and select the best set ofresources, e.g., antennas, computing and data resources, to servea given application. Next to communication, 6G systems are expected to provide also wireless powering, positioning and sensing,further increasing the complexity of such systems. Therefore,each federation is self-managing and is distributed over thearea in a cell-free manner. Next to the dynamic federations,new accompanying terminology is proposed to design cell-freesystems taking into account practical limitations such as timesynchronization and distributed processing. We conclude withan illustration with four federations, serving distinct applications,and introduce two new testbeds to study these architectures andconcepts.
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| 9. |
- Chamideh, Seyedezahra, et al.
(författare)
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A Safe and Robust Autonomous Intersection Management System Using a Hierarchical Control Strategy and V2I Communication
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Systems Journal. - 1937-9234. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Connected autonomous vehicles can significantly improve the safety and mobility of urban transportation systems. However, these systems are vulnerable to model uncertainties, wireless communication impairments, and external disturbances. In this article, we propose a new autonomous intersection management (AIM) system, called hierarchical model predictive control (HMPC). In HMPC, the intersection coordination unit (ICU) in a global centralized layer is responsible for assigning a safe speed to each vehicle while minimizing the system's cost. In the Local decentralized layer, each vehicle is responsible for tracking the reference speed assigned by the ICU, while avoiding collisions. In our method, each vehicle can use its own sensors to monitor its close surroundings, and take its own decisions on its movements, independent on the control decisions sent from the ICU. We investigate the safety, scalability and robustness of HMPC compared with two well-known AIM methods based on centralized and decentralized control strategies. For the evaluation, we use simulation of urban mobility (SUMO). Further, we study the scalability and performance of the algorithms in the presence of communication impairments associated with wireless channels. Our simulation results show that HMPC can safely handle high traffic flow rates. Also, HMPC is robust to uncertainties caused by the wireless communication.
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| 10. |
- Chamideh, Seyedezahra, et al.
(författare)
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Centralized Coordination of Autonomous Vehicles at Intersections
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM). - 9789532900996 - 9781728175386
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in autonomous vehicles present new opportunities in Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to address urban transport challenges. Therefore, urban traffic scenarios, and in particular intersections as a bottleneck of transportation network, has received significant attention. In this paper we investigate intelligent traffic control mechanisms for autonomous vehicles at intersections as a replacement of traditional intersection control. An edge cloud controller is used to deliver services that provide traffic safety and efficiency to vehicles. Two well-cited optimization algorithms for cooperative vehicles are compared with realistic simulations in SUMO. This side by side comparison helps to gain insight into the strengths and limitations of these types of algorithms.
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