| 1. |
- Aqib, M., et al.
(författare)
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On topological indices of some chemical graphs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Physics. - 0026-8976.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research delves into the application of topological indices in predicting the physico-chemical properties of chemical materials. These indices have been employed in various QSAR and QSPR studies, providing a mathematical formulation to predict properties such as viscosity and radius of gyrations Rucker and Rucker [J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 39, 788-802, (1999)]. We explore several indices, including the forgotten topological index, inverse sum index, general sum connectivity index and first multiplicative atom bond connectivity index, and investigate their usefulness in predicting bio-activity and anti-inflammatory activities of certain chemical compounds. Specifically, we focus on the 2D allotrope structure, TiO2 nanotubes and dominating oxide and silicate chemical networks. We present a 3D graphical trend of these indices and perform a comparison to facilitate the observation of physical-chemical properties of these materials for researchers.
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| 2. |
- Aqib, M., et al.
(författare)
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Structural characterization of nanomaterials C4C8
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Physics. - 0026-8976.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Topological indices are the numerical parameters of molecular graphs that characterise their behaviour and are mathematical invariant that preserves chemical and material properties. In a QSAR/QSPR study, physico-chemical properties and topological indices are studied. In this research, we shall calculate forgotten topological, inverse sum, the general sum connectivity and the first multiplicative atom-bond connectivity indices of carbon nanotubeTUC(4)C(8)[m,n] and C4C8 [m,n] nanotorus. The main motivation here is the molecular graphs of the nano-chemical compound TUC(4)C(8 )nanotubes andC(4)C(8)nanotorus. While the central and latest point of convergence of ourdiscussion is to provide a '3Dgraphical trend and relative comparison' of these derived topologicaldescriptors of these materials that will make them more useful and comparative for chemists, nanoand material scientists and would open a new 3Dgraphical horizon towards material sciences andchemical engineering.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Dubovyk, Violetta, et al.
(författare)
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Obesity is a risk factor for poor response to treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: a NORD-STAR study
- 2024
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Ingår i: RMD Open. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2056-5933. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective This report from the NORD-STAR (Nordic Rheumatic Diseases Strategy Trials and Registries) trial aimed to determine if obesity is associated with response to conventional and biological antirheumatic treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods This report included 793 participants with untreated early RA from the randomised, longitudinal NORD-STAR trial, all of whom had their body mass index (BMI) assessed at baseline. Obesity was defined as BMI >= 30 kg/m(2). All participants were randomised 1:1:1:1 to one of four treatment arms: active conventional treatment, certolizumab-pegol, abatacept and tocilizumab. Clinical and laboratory measurements were performed at baseline and at 8, 12, 24 and 48-week follow-up. The primary endpoint for this report was response to treatment based on Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Simple Disease Activity Index (SDAI) remission and Disease Activity Score with 28 joints using C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) <2.6 stratified by BMI. Results Out of 793 people included in the present report, 161 (20%) had obesity at baseline. During follow-up, participants with baseline obesity had higher disease activity compared with those with lower BMI, despite having similar disease activity at baseline. In survival analyses, obesity was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving response to treatment during follow-up for up to 48 weeks (CDAI remission, HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.05; SDAI, HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.97; DAS28-CRP <2.6, HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.95). The effect of obesity on response to treatment was not influenced by the treatment arms. Conclusion In people with untreated early RA followed up for up to 48 weeks, obesity was associated with a lower likelihood of good treatment response, irrespective of the type of randomised treatment received.
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| 5. |
- Fatima, Tahzeeb, et al.
(författare)
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Association between serum urate and CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring. - : Wiley. - 2352-8729. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The relationship between urate and biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology has not been investigated. Methods: We examined whether serum concentration of urate was associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, amyloid beta (A beta)(42), A beta(40), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), neurofilament light (NfL), and A beta(42)/A beta(40) ratio, in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals from Gothenburg, Sweden. We also evaluated whether possible associations were modulated by the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele. Results: Serum urate was positively associated with A beta(42) in males (beta = 0.55 pg/mL, P = .04). There was a positive urate-APOE epsilon 4 interaction (1.24 pg/mL, P-interaction = .02) in relation to A beta(42) association. The positive urate and A beta(42) association strengthened in male APOE epsilon 4 carriers (beta = 1.28 pg/mL, P = .01). Discussion: The positive association between urate and A beta(42) in cognitively healthy men may suggest a protective effect of urate against deposition of amyloid protein in the brain parenchyma, and in the longer term, maybe against AD dementia.
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| 6. |
- Fatima, Tahzeeb, et al.
(författare)
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The absolute risk of gout by clusters of gout-associated comorbidities and lifestyle factors-30 years follow-up of the Malmo Preventive Project
- 2020
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Gout is predicted by a number of comorbidities and lifestyle factors. We aimed to identify discrete phenotype clusters of these factors in a Swedish population-based health survey. In these clusters, we calculated and compared the incidence and relative risk of gout. Methods Cluster analyses were performed to group variables with close proximity and to obtain homogenous clusters of individuals (n = 22,057) in the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP) cohort. Variables clustered included obesity, kidney dysfunction, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), dyslipidemia, pulmonary dysfunction (PD), smoking, and the use of diuretics. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) for gout, adjusted for age and sex, were computed for each cluster. Results Five clusters (C1-C5) were identified. Cluster C1 (n = 16,063) was characterized by few comorbidities. All participants in C2 (n = 750) had kidney dysfunction (100%), and none had CVD. In C3 (n = 528), 100% had CVD and most participants were smokers (74%). C4 (n = 3673) had the greatest fractions of obesity (34%) and dyslipidemia (74%). In C5 (n = 1043), proportions with DM (51%), hypertension (54%), and diuretics (52%) were highest. C1 was by far the most common in the population (73%), followed by C4 (17%). These two pathways included 86% of incident gout cases. The four smaller clusters (C2-C5) had higher incidence rates and a 2- to 3-fold increased risk for incident gout. Conclusions Five distinct clusters based on gout-related comorbidities and lifestyle factors were identified. Most incident gout cases occurred in the cluster of few comorbidities, and the four comorbidity pathways had overall a modest influence on the incidence of gout.
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| 7. |
- Mushtaq, Iram, et al.
(författare)
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N-acetyl cysteine, selenium, and ascorbic acid rescue diabetic cardiac hypertrophy via mitochondrial-associated redox regulators
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1420-3049. ; 26:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolic disorders often lead to cardiac complications. Metabolic deregulations during diabetic conditions are linked to mitochondrial dysfunctions, which are the key contributing factors in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced cardiac hypertrophy are poorly understood. In the current study, we initially established a diabetic rat model by alloxan-administration, which was validated by peripheral glucose measurement. Diabetic rats displayed myocardial stiffness and fibrosis, changes in heart weight/body weight, heart weight/tibia length ratios, and enhanced size of myocytes, which altogether demonstrated the establishment of diabetic cardiac hypertrophy (DCH). Furthermore, we examined the expression of genes associated with mitochondrial signaling impairment. Our data show that the expression of PGC-1α, cytochrome c, MFN-2, and Drp-1 was deregulated. Mitochondrial-signaling impairment was further validated by redox-system dysregulation, which showed a significant increase in ROS and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, both in serum and heart tissue, whereas the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels were decreased. Additionally, the expression levels of pro-apoptotic gene PUMA and stress marker GATA-4 genes were elevated, whereas ARC, PPARα, and Bcl-2 expression levels were decreased in the heart tissues of diabetic rats. Importantly, these alloxan-induced impairments were rescued by N-acetyl cysteine, ascorbic acid, and selenium treatment. This was demonstrated by the amelioration of myocardial stiffness, fibrosis, mitochondrial gene expression, lipid profile, restoration of myocyte size, reduced oxidative stress, and the activation of enzymes associated with antioxidant activities. Altogether, these data indicate that the improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction by protective agents such as N-acetyl cysteine, selenium, and ascorbic acid could rescue diabetes-associated cardiac complications, including DCH.
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| 8. |
- Saqlain, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Risk variants of obesity associated genes demonstrate BMI raising effect in a large cohort.
- 2022
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is highly polygenic disease where several genetic variants have been reportedly associated with obesity in different ethnicities of the world. In the current study, we identified the obesity risk or protective association and BMI raising effect of the minor allele of adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing (ADIPOQ), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CEPT), FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), leptin (LEP), and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes in a large cohort stratified into four BMI-based body weight categories i.e., normal weight, lean, over-weight, and obese. Based on selected candidate genetic markers, the genotyping of all study subjects was performed by PCR assays, and genotypes and allele frequencies were calculated. The minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of all genetic markers were computed for total and BMI-based body weight categories and compared with MAFs of global and South Asian (SAS) populations. Genetic associations of variants with obesity risk were calculated and BMI raising effect per copy of the minor allele were estimated. The genetic variants with higher MAFs in obese BMI group were; rs2241766 (G = 0.43), rs17817449 (G = 0.54), rs9939609 (A = 0.51), rs1421085 (C = 0.53), rs1558902 (A = 0.63), and rs1137101 (G = 0.64) respectively. All these variants were significantly associated with obesity (OR = 1.03-4.42) and showed a high BMI raising effect (β = 0.239-0.31 Kg/m2) per copy of the risk allele. In contrast, the MAFs of three variants were higher in lean-normal BMI groups; rs3764261 A = 0.38, rs9941349 T = 0.43, and rs7799039 G = 0.40-0.43). These variants showed obesity protective associations (OR = 0.68-0.76), and a BMI lowering effect per copy of the protective allele (β = -0.103-0.155 Kg/m2). The rs3764261 variant also showed significant and positive association with lean body mass (OR = 2.38, CI = 1.30-4.34). Overall, we report six genetic variants of ADIPOQ, FTO and LEPR genes as obesity-risk markers and a CETP gene variant as lean mass/obesity protective marker in studied Pakistani cohort.
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| 9. |
- Vasileiadis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Adipokines and risk of rheumatoid arthritis : A two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomisation study
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adiponectin, leptin, and resistin are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the causal relationship between these adipokines and the risk for RA is unclear. We performed a range of two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses to assess the causal effect of circulating adiponectin, leptin, and resistin on RA risk in European and East Asian individuals. Different sets of adiponectin-, leptin-, and resistin-related genetic variants were used as instruments for genetically determined adipokine levels. As body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for RA and affects adipokine levels, multivariable MR was used to calculate the causal effect of each adipokine on RA risk taking BMI into account. Several MR analyses revealed no evidence of a causal relationship between circulating adiponectin, leptin, or resistin levels and RA risk in either Europeans or East Asians. Similarly, multivariable MR did not provide evidence of any causal effect of adiponectin, leptin, or resistin on RA risk when taking BMI into account. This MR study shows for the first time that genetically determined levels of adiponectin, leptin, or resistin do not have a direct causal effect on the risk of developing RA after adjustment for BMI.
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