| 1. |
- Aytar, Osman, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur fungerar det kunskapsbaserade brottsförebyggande arbetet? : En processutvärdering av arbetet med lägesrapporter och medborgarlöften i Fagersta och Ludvika kommun
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med denna processutvärdering har varit att kartlägga och analysera arbetet med lägesrapportering och medborgarlöften i Fagersta och Ludvika kommun. I linje med utvärderingssyftet ovan har frågeställningar som undersökts i processutvärderingen för respektive insats i båda kommunerna varit följande: Den första har handlat om vilka framgångsfaktorer, risker och hinder var som funnits utifrån de uppsatta målen och den andra om vilka förbättringsförslagen har varit för respektive insats.Det empiriska materialet består av intervjumaterial och dokumentation av insatserna i Fagersta och Ludvika. Utvärderargruppen närvarade vid möten i EST-gruppen och lokala Brå i Fagersta, samt FAS-gruppen och lokala Brå Ludvika. Vid dessa tillfällen presenterades utvärderingens upplägg och planeringen för intervjuer. Därefter planerades intervjuerna. Åtta fokusgruppsintervjuer (med sammanlagt 34 deltagare) och tre individuella intervjuer genomfördes. Samtliga intervjuer genomfördes via Teams på grund av rådande omständigheter med Covid-19. Intervjuerna utfördes utifrån en anpassad intervjuguide bestående av semistrukturerade frågor.Resultaten från processutvärderingen visar att likheterna mellan kommunerna överväger, men det finns också skillnader. I såväl Fagersta som Ludvika kommun utförs ett målinriktat brottsförebyggande arbete och det finns goda förutsättningar att stärka detta arbete. Utifrån resultat och analys av intervjuer kan ett antal slutsatser dras om framgångsfaktorer, risker och hinder, liksom möjliga förbättringsförslag identifierats avseende arbetet med lägesrapporter och medborgarlöften i berörda kommuner. De centrala slutsatserna för det pågående brottsförebyggande arbetet utifrån analysen av intervjumaterialet är följande:* Arbetet med lägesrapportering har stärkt kommunernas kunskap om sina respektive lokala utmaningar* Kommunernas brottsförebyggande arbete skulle stärkas ytterligare av en mer tydlig och sammanhållen process* Återkopplingen till lägesrapporteringsgrupp och rapportörer behöver utvecklas* Kommunernas kan ytterligare stärka sitt förebyggande arbete genom att tydligare kommunicera de åtgärder som genomförs
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| 2. |
- Svanelöv, Eric
(författare)
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Being who one wants : constructing participation within discourses of (dis)ability
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Society is full of norms categorising and labelling people on the basis of abilities, traits, and appearance. People who deviate from normative ideals are subjected to practices of able-mindedness that can stigmatise and marginalise norm-breaking functionality and invoke intellectual disability labels. People on the margins of (dis)ability are often excluded from societal domains such as the labour market and sports and may need help and support in their daily living, which can limit opportunities for participation. As an effort to prevent exclusion for people with intellectual disability labels, specific dis-locations were created; that is, daily activity services, group homes and disability sports.Aim: The overall aim of the dissertation was to explore and discuss how and for whom participation was constructed in relation to practices of able-mindedness and position in (dis)ability.Method: The empirical data for the dissertation consists of four studies. Study I used qualitative semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of people’s participation in daily activity services; the interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Study II employed the observer-as-participant role to obtain observations, with analysis focusing on the discursive patterns in how power affects conditions for participation among residents in group homes. Study III used qualitative open-ended interviews that were analysed with thematic analysis to explore the experiences of participation among athletes in disability sports. Finally, study IV used semi-structured/open-ended interviews that were analysed with discourse analysis to explore how staff in social support services directed to people with intellectual disability and leaders in disability sports talk about participation.Results: The results show that practices of able-mindedness create codes of conduct and contextual limitations to the construction of participation. People with intellectual disability labels are positioned on the margins and in dis-locations; however, the normatively deviant margin can also be the centre. Participation is encouraged and indeed an overarching aim of social support services and disability sports but only within those dis-locations.Conclusion: Able-mindedness affects one’s right to participation and position in the societal hierarchy. Locations created for people with intellectual disability labels have good outcomes but are also ableist. The dissertation presents a base of knowledge for constructions of participation in central life contexts for people with intellectual disability labels and ideas of how able-mindedness influence participation. The results are vital for social work practices’ assessment of support services, how to work with participation and in challenging preconceptions about intellectual disability.
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| 3. |
- Svanelöv, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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It is supposed to be a home : Barriers to everyday life decisions in group homes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Accessibility Denied. Understanding Inaccessibility and Everyday Resistance to Inclusion for Persons with Disabilities. - London : Routledge. - 9781003120452
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a group home with several apartments along a corridor we noticed that atmidday many of the residents’ doors were open, meaning that everybody whowalks along the corridor of the group home could see into the apartments and see what the resident did. We noticed that there are many scheduled supportservices during this time and asked the staff members why the doors are open.It is because it is easier to provide support
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| 4. |
- Talman, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Tovertafel UP
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the project was to evaluate the staff’s experience of using Tovertafel UP at a daily activities centre and determine whether, according to the staff, the use of Tovertafel UP results in any development for people with intellectual disabilities with focus on physical activities and social interaction.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Talman, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Participation in daily life for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities : How high do they climb on Shier's ladder of participation?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. - : SAGE Publications. - 1744-6295 .- 1744-6309. ; 25:1, s. 98-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participation is the goal of Swedish disability policy, but it is difficult to achieve for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (PI(M)D). Since these adults are dependent on others in every aspect of their lives, others control their ability to participate in everyday life decisions. This study used observations, analyzed with Shier's ladder of participation, to elucidate and describe participation in daily life for adults with PI(M)D living in a group home. The results showed that the adults often reached the first three levels of Shier's ladder, one adult reached the fourth level once, and no one reached the fifth level. Participation on a higher level, therefore, seems hard to reach for adults. Staff members' attitudes toward the adults' capability can also be a barrier to participation. Applying Shier's ladder of participation can provide valuable information that might lead to increased participation in daily life for adults with PI(M)D.
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| 8. |
- Talman, Lena
(författare)
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Participation in everyday life for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities need society’s support to live under “as normal circumstances” as possible. Support should be carried out in accordance with the Swedish disability policy vision of full participation in community and equality in living conditions.Aim: To highlight and problematise the conceptualisation of participation, and how participation is achieved in implementation plans and in everyday life for adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities living in a group home or in their own home with support from personal assistants.Method: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to gain a deeper understanding of participation. In study I, 17 implementation plans were analysed. In study II, 27 social care managers and staff members were interviewed. In study III, 4 adults with profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities living in a group home and their 13 staff members were observed.Results: Documentation of participation focused on self-care and community, social, and civic life. In interviews with staff members and managers, the results showed that participation is abstract and hard to handle. Participation for the adults was about doing or being present in general daily activities. The conditions needed for facilitating participation were the adults’ capabilities, staff members’ knowledge, and resources in the social division. Moreover, the adults were listened to, supported in expressing their views, and their views were taken into account. However, they were not involved in decision-making processes nor did they share the power and responsibility for decision-making.Conclusions: Participation for the adults is conditional, seldom involves decision-making processes, and is hardly ever connected to social contacts and leisure activities. In addition, attitudes about the adults’ capability present a barrier to participation. The social care division need to better enable and facilitate participation by changing the conditions as well as educating the staff around changing their attitudes about the adults’ capabilities. Managers and staff members need to have a shared understanding of what participation entails so that they all work in the same direction. Furthermore, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) can be used as a tool when drawing up individual plans so that the adults’ wishes and preferences are considered. Shier’s ladder of participation can be an instrument to increase participation in daily life for adults with PI(M)D.Keywords: everyday life, participation, profound intellectual and multiple disability, social care
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| 9. |
- Talman, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Staff members and managers’ views of the conditions for the participation of adults with profound intellectual disability or profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
- 2019
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 32:1, s. 143-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundParticipation is a central aspect of quality of life, and it is indicative of high‐quality outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities. However, participation is difficult to achieve for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.AimTo describe staff members’ perceptions of what participation means for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.MethodUsing a phenomenographic approach, 27 interviews were analysed resulting in variations in the conditions for participation.ResultsThe interviews revealed conditions for participation at individual, staff and organisational levels.ConclusionParticipation appears to be an un‐reflected phenomenon, and several conditions must be met to achieve it. The conditions are experienced being fundamental for adults within the target group to achieve any kind of participation. The staff members and managers’ perceptions of participation as conditional can make it more difficult for adults within the target group to achieve the Swedish disability policy goal of participation.
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| 10. |
- Talman, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Staff’s and managers’ conceptions of participation for adults with profound intellectual disabilities or profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 21:1, s. 78-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One goal of disability policies in Sweden and other countries is to ensure that people with disabilities are afforded an equal level of daily life participation as other citizens. However, few studies have examined this in adults with profound intellectual disabilities (PID) or profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). This study used a phenomenographic approach to interview managers and staff at a social care organisation in a medium-sized Swedish municipality. It aimed to elucidate and describe conceptions of participation to highlight conceptual variations. Divergent conceptualisations were found, reflecting a lack of organisational consensus about the meaning of participation. Trying to fulfil policy goals of daily life participation for adults with PID or PIMD without a common understanding of the meaning of participation is difficult, so people at all levels of an organisation need to have a shared understanding and definition of it. © 2019 The Author(s).
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