| 1. |
- Kulpraneet, M., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of IL-4 promoter and VNTR polymorphisms in Thai patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tropical Biomedicine. - 0127-5720. ; 36:4, s. 874-882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Thailand. Cytokines play important roles in defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Interleukin (IL)-4 is one of the anti-inflammatory cytokines and has been found to be elevated in TB patients. The common polymorphisms in IL-4 gene, including IL-4-590C/T, IL-4-33C/T, and IL-4-variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) intron 3 have been reported to be associated with risk for some diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible associations between the above mentioned three common functional polymorphisms in the IL-4 gene in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a Thai population. Forty three patients with PTB and 90 healthy control subjects were studied. The three common polymorphisms of the IL-4 gene were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The allele and genotype frequencies of IL-4-590 C/T, -33 C/T, VNTR intron 3 polymorphisms did not show significant differences between PTB patients and healthy controls ( genotype: p=0.88, p=0.92, p=0.40; allele: p=0.38, p=0.44, p=0.53, respectively). However, the allele distribution of the IL-4 -590 C, -33 C, and VNTR R3 was higher among PTB patients (25.58%, 25.58%, 25.58%, respectively) than among control subjects (20%, 20.48%, 19.44%, respectively). This may suggest that IL-4-590C/T, -33C/T and VNTR intron 3 might play a role in susceptibility to PTB. A larger cohort may possibly help conclude our findings.
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| 2. |
- Tangteerawatana, P., et al.
(författare)
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Differential regulation of IgG subclasses and IgE antimalarial antibody responses in complicated and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
- 2007
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Ingår i: Parasite immunology (Print). - Oxford : Blackwell Science. - 0141-9838 .- 1365-3024. ; 29:9, s. 475-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess the immunoglobulin (Ig)-subclass distribution of antimalarial antibody responses in 110 and 169 Thai patients with complicated and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, respectively. Antimalarial plasma IgG subclasses and IgE antibody levels against a crude malaria blood stages, and antigen preparation were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). On admission, the levels of anti-P. falciparum IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 were significantly lower in patients with complicated malaria than uncomplicated malaria (IgG1, P < 0.0001; IgG2, P < 0.0001; IgG3, P < 0.0001). The levels of antimalarial IgE were slightly lower, but not statistically significant (P = 0.389) in the complicated malaria. After adjusting all antibody levels and age, anti-P. falciparum IgG3 levels remained significantly associated with complicated malaria. None of the other antibody concentrations showed statistically significant associations with complicated malaria. The anti-P. falciparum IgG3 levels were related to the IgG1 as well as IgG2 levels. A correlation between anti-P. falciparum IgG2 and IgE was observed in the complicated malaria group, and this may indicate their roles in the severity of disease. Our data suggest that anti-P. falciparum IgG3 is associated with a reduced risk of complicated malaria and that antimalarial Ig-subclasses are differently regulated in patients with complicated and uncomplicated malaria.
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| 3. |
- Troye-Blomberg, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Human gamma delta T cells that inhibit the in vitro growth of the asexual blood stages of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite express cytolytic and proinflammatory molecules.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 50:6, s. 642-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The functional properties, regarding parasite growth inhibition in vitro, the cytotoxic potential and cytokine profiles of human gammadelta+ and alphabeta+ T cells, T-cell lines and clones stimulated with Plasmodium falciparum-antigen-or T-cell mitogen in vitro were investigated. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and specific primers, mRNA for the cytolytic molecules perforin, granzyme A and B, Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) were detected in both the gammadelta- and the alphabetaT cells. Despite this fact, only gammadeltaT cells inhibited, both Vdelta1+ and Vdelta2+, the in vitro growth of the asexual blood stages in a dose dependent manner. The inhibition required cell-to-cell contact and was not observed until the second parasite replication implied that the likely gammadeltaT-cell target was the extracellular merozoite or schizont. The failure of alphabetaT cells to inhibit the growth of the parasite suggests requirement of additional cytolytic molecules/signals or different receptor specificities exhibited by the gammadeltaT cells. Both the gammadelta- and alphabetaT cells expressed mRNA for a large number of cytokines. Interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL) IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta)/lymphotoxin (LT) and T-cell growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) were observed in all activated clones tested. No IL-3 was detected, while IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and GM-CSF were variably expressed. In conclusion, our data show that gammadeltaT cells in malaria nonimmune individuals inhibit the asexual blood stages of P. falciparum malaria, while similarly activated alphabetaT cells do not. Thus, it is likely that the gammadeltaT cells could play a mandatory role in the elimination of parasites and/or the regulation of the early immune response to malaria infection.
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