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| 2. |
- Ueda, K, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear motion and symmetry breaking of the B 1s-excited BF3 molecule
- 2003
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics. - 0301-0104. ; 289:1, s. 135-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Out-of-plane nuclear motion stimulated in the core-excited state and symmetry breaking due to this nuclear motion have been investigated for B Is excitation in the BF3 molecule by a combination of three different experimental methods: angle-resolved ion-yield spectroscopy, vibrationally resolved resonant Auger electron spectroscopy and quadruple-ion coincidence momentum-imaging technique. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Linton, Jonathan D., et al.
(författare)
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Flow of energy in the outer retina in darkness and in light
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 107:19, s. 8599-8604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural features of neurons create challenges for effective production and distribution of essential metabolic energy. We investigated how metabolic energy is distributed between cellular compartments in photoreceptors. In avascular retinas, aerobic production of energy occurs only in mitochondria that are located centrally within the photoreceptor. Our findings indicate that metabolic energy flows from these central mitochondria as phosphocreatine toward the photoreceptor's synaptic terminal in darkness. In light, it flows in the opposite direction as ATP toward the outer segment. Consistent with this model, inhibition of creatine kinase in avascular retinas blocks synaptic transmission without influencing outer segment activity. Our findings also reveal how vascularization of neuronal tissue can influence the strategies neurons use for energy management. In vascularized retinas, mitochondria in the synaptic terminals of photoreceptors make neurotransmission less dependent on creatine kinase. Thus, vasculature of the tissue and the intracellular distribution of mitochondria can play key roles in setting the strategy for energy distribution in neurons.
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| 5. |
- Wunderlich, Kirsten, et al.
(författare)
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Retinal functional alterations in mice lacking intermediate filament proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin
- 2015
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - : Wiley. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 29:12, s. 4815-4828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vimentin (Vim) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are important components of the intermediate filament (IF) (or nanofilament) system of astroglial cells. We conducted full-field electroretinogram (ERG) recordings and found that whereas photoreceptor responses (a-wave) were normal in uninjured GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-) mice, b-wave amplitudes were increased. Moreover, we found that Kir (inward rectifier K+) channel protein expression was reduced in the retinas of GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-) mice and that Kir-mediated current amplitudes were lower in Muller glial cells isolated from these mice. Studies have shown that the IF system, in addition, is involved in the retinal response to injury and that attenuated Muller cell reactivity and reduced photoreceptor cell loss are observed in IF-deficient mice after experimental retinal detachment. We investigated whether the lack of IF proteins would affect cell survival in a retinal ischemia-reperfusion model. We found that although cell loss was induced in both genotypes, the number of surviving cells in the inner retina was lower in IF-deficient mice. Our findings thus show that the inability to produce GFAP and Vim affects normal retinal physiology and that the effect of IF deficiency on retinal cell survival differs, depending on the underlying pathologic condition.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Feifel, R, et al.
(författare)
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Probing doubly excited ionic states of N-2(+) via a triple excitation above the N 1s threshold in the N-2 molecule
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 67:3: 032504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angle-resolved resonant Auger-electron spectroscopy has been carried out on the nitrogen molecule at selected photon energies around 419 eV, where a 1s core electron and two valence electrons are promoted into the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 1pi(g). Significant enhancement of a specific band, which cannot be disentangled in direct photoionization, is observed at a binding energy of 37.6 eV, with a value of the anisotropy parameter beta much smaller than 2. We assign this new band to the transition to a doubly excited cationic state of N-2, in which two of the excited valence electrons remain in the 1pi(g) orbital, proposing a "double spectator" type decay mechanism. This observation shows how to preferentially probe multiply excited configurations of cations using multiple resonant excitation.
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| 8. |
- Nakamoto, T, et al.
(författare)
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Dental panoramic radiograph as a tool to detect postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density : untrained general dental practitioners’ diagnostic performance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 14:8, s. 659-664
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The detection of postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD) is an important strategy to reduce the incidence of osteoporotic fracture. Recent studies suggested that incidental findings on dental panoramic radiographs may be used as a tool to detect women with low BMD. However, little is known whether this finding is sufficiently assessed by untrained general dental practitioners (GDPs). The purpose of this study was to investigate: (1) the observer agreement and (2) the diagnostic efficacy in detecting women with low BMD, when untrained GDPs assess the appearance (normal or eroded) of the mandibular inferior cortex on dental panoramic radiographs of postmenopausal women. Twenty-seven GDPs were asked to classify the appearance of the mandibular inferior cortex on dental panoramic radiographs of 100 postmenopausal women who had completed BMD assessments of the lumbar spine and of the femoral neck. Intra- and inter-observer agreements were analyzed with kappa statistics. The diagnostic efficacy (sensitivity, specificity and predictive values) was analyzed by comparing two groups classified by the mandibular inferior cortex (women with normal and women with eroded mandibular inferior cortex) with those classified by BMD (women with normal BMD and women with osteopenia or osteoporosis). The mean sensitivity and specificity were 77 % and 40 %, respectively, when BMD of the lumbar spine was used as standard and 75 % and 39 %, respectively, when BMD of the femoral neck comprised the standard. Nineteen untrained GDPs (70 %) presented a moderate to almost perfect intra-observer agreement. We conclude that dental panoramic radiograph may be used in clinical dental practice to identify postmenopausal women who have undetected low BMD and should undergo further testing with bone densitometry.
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| 9. |
- R. Feifel, K. Ueda, A. De Fanis, K. Okada, S. Tanimoto, T. Furuta, H. Shindo, M. Kitajima, H. Tanaka, O. Björneholm, L. Karlsson, S. Svensson and S. L. Sorensen
(författare)
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Probing doubly excited ionic states of N2+ via a triple excitation above the N1s threshold in the N2 moecule
- 2003
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Ingår i: Phys. Rev.. ; A:67, s. 32504-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Sahaboglu, A, et al.
(författare)
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Knockout of PARG110 confers resistance to cGMP-induced toxicity in mammalian photoreceptors.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cell Death & Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 5:May 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hereditary retinal degeneration (RD) relates to a heterogeneous group of blinding human diseases in which the light sensitive neurons of the retina, the photoreceptors, die. RD is currently untreatable and the underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. However, the activity of the enzyme poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) and excessive generation of poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) polymers in photoreceptor nuclei have been shown to be causally involved in RD. The activity of PARP1 is to a large extent governed by its functional antagonist, poly-ADP-glycohydrolase (PARG), which thus also may have a role in RD. To investigate this, we analyzed PARG expression in the retina of wild-type (wt) mice and in the rd1 mouse model for human RD, and detected increased PARG protein in a subset of degenerating rd1 photoreceptors. Knockout (KO) animals lacking the 110 kDa nuclear PARG isoform were furthermore analyzed, and their retinal morphology and function were indistinguishable from wild-type animals. Organotypic wt retinal explants can be experimentally treated to induce rd1-like photoreceptor death, but PARG110 KO retinal explants were unexpectedly highly resistant to such treatment. The resistance was associated with decreased PAR accumulation and low PARP activity, indicating that PARG110 may positively regulate PARP1, an event that therefore is absent in PARG110 KO tissue. Our study demonstrates a causal involvement of PARG110 in the process of photoreceptor degeneration. Contrasting its anticipated role as a functional antagonist, absence of PARG110 correlated with low PARP activity, suggesting that PARG110 and PARP1 act in a positive feedback loop, which is especially active under pathologic conditions. This in turn highlights both PARG110 and PARP1 as potential targets for neuroprotective treatments for RD.
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