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| 2. |
- Sliwa, E., et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-ketoglutarate protects the liver of piglets exposed during prenatal life to chronic excess of dexamethasone from metabolic and structural changes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. - : Wiley. - 0931-2439 .- 1439-0396. ; 93:2, s. 192-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glucocorticoids play a role in the origin of the features of the metabolic diseases. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is defined as glutamine homologue and derivative, conditionally an essential amino acid. In the liver, glutamine serves as a precursor for ureagenesis, gluconeogenesis and acute phase protein synthesis The aim of the study was to determine the effect of AKG administered to piglets prenatally exposed to dexamethasone, on the structure of the liver and its metabolic function. Sows were administered with dexamethasone (3 mg/sow/48 h) from day 70 of pregnancy to the parturition, and then after the birth, the piglets were divided into the group administered with AKG (0.4 g/kg body weight) or physiological saline. Biochemical markers, lysozyme and ceruloplasmin serum activities, concentrations of selected free amino acids, macro- and microelements and histomorphometry of the liver tissue were determined. The total cholesterol concentrations in the sows and their newborns from the Dex groups were higher by 72% and 64%, respectively, compared with the control groups. Triacylglycerol concentration was higher by 50% in sows from the Dex group and 55% in the new-born piglets. Alpha-ketoglutarate administered to the piglets after prenatal influence of dexamethasone lowered the total cholesterol concentration by 40%, and enhanced aspartate by 41%, serine by 76%, glutamate by 105%, glutamine by 36%, glycine by 53% and arginine by 105%, as well as methionine and cystathionine, but increased the sulphur concentration compared with the control (p < 0.01). Intracellular space D decreased after AKG administration in comparison with the piglets from Dex/Control group not treated with AKG. Postnatal administration of AKG had a protective effect on liver structure, and lowered the total cholesterol concentration in piglets prenatally exposed to dexamethasone, and also influenced selected macro- and microelement serum concentrations and amino acids plasma concentration.
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| 3. |
- Sliwa, E, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of dexamethasone and alpha-ketoglutarate on growth and development of the skeletal system of pigs
- 2005
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Ingår i: Medycyna Weterynaryjna. - 0025-8628. ; 61:5, s. 526-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to establish the influence of dexamethasone and/or alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on the growth, mineralization, geometric and mechanical properties of ribs as a methodological model. The experiment was conducted during the final 24 days of prenatal life and first 14 days of neonatal life. The volumetric bone density of the trabecular and cortical bone was determined separately using the quantitative computed tomography (QCT) method and Somatom AR. T - Siemens apparatus. The mechanical properties were determined using the three-point bending test according to the method by Ferretti et al. The obtained results indicate that maternal administration of dexamethasone increased volumetric mineral density, although the mechanical parameters had lower values. Prenatal administration of AKG decreased all the geometric and mechanical parameters of the investigated ribs. The results obtained during the administration of the compound in neonatal life were the opposite of the prenatal results. Dexamethasone and AKG given together had the same influence on mineralization and other properties AND increasing their values during prenatal and neonatal life. This model of administrating dexamethasone and AKG maternally during prenatal life with the intention of provoking structural growth of the skeleton may be useful in further elucidating some biological and pharmacological factors on bone formation in prenatal life.
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| 4. |
- Tatara, MR, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on mineralisation, morphology and mechanical endurance of femur and tibia in turkey
- 2004
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Ingår i: Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy. - 0042-4870. ; 48:3, s. 305-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine the influence of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on volumetric bone density, geometrical and mechanical properties of femur and tibia in farm turkeys. All animals were kept under standard rearing conditions with constant access to water and appropriate feed, supplied in accordance with the stage of production cycle. Bone samples were collected 14 weeks after beginning of the experiment. To the first group belonged control turkeys. The second group of animals consisted of turkeys that were administered AKG from the 22(nd) to 110(th) d of life. Using Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) method, volumetric bone density of femur and tibia were estimated for trabecular and cortical bone. Both the mechanical and geometrical properties of femur and tibia were assessed according to Ferretti's method. The obtained results indicate positive influence of enteral AKG administration on skeletal system quality in turkeys.
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| 5. |
- Tatara, MR, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of alpha-ketoglutarate on bone homeostasis and plasma amino acids in turkeys
- 2005
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Ingår i: Poultry Science. - 1525-3171. ; 84:10, s. 1604-1609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of denervation and alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) administration on the development of osteopenia in the turkey radius. At 22 d of age, all turkeys were subjected to neurectomy of the right radius. Control turkeys were given a saline solution into the crop each day for 97 d. Experimental turkeys were given 0.4 g of AKG/kg of BW into the crop each day. After 98 d, BW was not affected by the AKG treatment. Volumetric bone mineral density of the radius was measured by quantitative computed tomography. Mechanical properties were tested using a 3-point bending test. Cross-sectional area, second moment of inertia, and mean relative wall thickness were measured as well. An-Lino acid concentrations were assessed with the use of ion-exchange chromatography. Denervation had a negative effect on all bone characteristics that were measured except bone length. The AKG had a positive effect on all bone characteristics except bone length. Plasma concentrations of proline and leucine were increased by AKG, whereas concentrations of taurine and glutamine were decreased. The turkey radius appears to be a good model for studying osteopenia because its development can be affected by treatments such as denervation and AKG administration.
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