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- Abrahamsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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A study of the performance of risk and vulnerability assessments by Swedish Public Agencies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th International Disaster and Risk Conference: Integrative Risk Management in a Changing World - Pathways to a Resilient Society, IDRC Davos 2012. ; , s. 15-18
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk and vulnerability assessments (RVA) are vital components of the work conducted by public agencies at different levels, as part of the processes for governing and managing risks in the society. In Sweden, public agencies at all levels are required by legislation to perform risk and vulnerability assessments within their respective area of responsibility. The present paper presents a study of how Swedish municipalities, county administrative boards and national authorities work with RVAs, with a special focus on three aspects of such assessments that are highlighted in the legislation: vital societal functions, critical dependencies, and capability assessment. The main data collection technique was semi-structured interviews and a total of 25 actors were included and interviewed. The goal was to achieve a good representation of the different actors that perform RVAs. Thus 5 national authorities, 5 county administrative boards, and 15 municipalities were chosen in order to obtain a representative functional distribution (in terms of national authorities responsible for different sectors), geographic distribution as well as size distribution. The study shows that there is rather large variety of approaches, perspectives and views adopted by different actors, all with different advantages and drawbacks. It is argued that the findings of the study can be used to improve the RVA-practices of public authorities.
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- Abrahamsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a systems-oriented framework for analysing and evaluating emergency response
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. - : Wiley. - 1468-5973 .- 0966-0879. ; 18:1, s. 14-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information can be provided by studying and evaluating past emergencies and the response in connection to them. This information would then be useful in efforts directed at preventing, mitigating and/or preparing for future emergencies. However, the analysis and evaluation of emergency response operations is not an easy task, especially when the operation involves several cooperating actors (e.g. the fire and rescue services, the police, the emergency medical services, etc.). Here, we identify and discuss four aspects of this challenge: (1) issues related to the values governing the evaluation, (2) issues related to the complexity of the systems involved, (3) issues related to the validity of the information on which the analysis and evaluation is based and (4) issues related to the limiting conditions under which the emergency response system operated. An outline of a framework for such an analysis and evaluation, influenced by systems theory, accident investigation theories and programme evaluation theories dealing with the above aspects, is introduced, discussed and exemplified using empirical results from a case study.We conclude that the proposed framework may provide a better understanding of how an emergency response system functioned during a specific operation, and help to identify the potential events and/or circumstances that could significantly affect the performance of the emergency response system, either negatively or positively. The insights gained from using the framework may allow the actors involved in the response operation to gain a better understanding of how the emergency response system functioned as a whole, as well as how the actors performed as individual components of the system. Furthermore, the information can also be useful for actors preparing for future emergencies
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- Abrahamsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport utgör redovisning av ett arbete som LUCRAM (Lunds universitets centrum för riskanalys och riskhantering) har genomfört på uppdrag av Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB). Uppdraget heter ”Studie om föreskrifters inverkan på kommuners risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser avseende jämförbarhet och enhetlighet”. Inom detta uppdrag har LUCRAM genomfört en dokumentstudie av kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser i Skåne och Örebro län, samt en enkätstudie riktad till kommunerna i ovanstående län. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka om, och i så fall på vilket sätt, enhetligheten och jämförbarheten mellan olika kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser har ändrats i samband med införandet av MSB:s föreskrifter MSBFS 2010:6.
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- Cedergren, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Tracking the implementation of a risk management process in a public sector organisation – A longitudinal study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-4209. ; 81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results from a longitudinal study of the process of developing and implementing a method for risk assessment in a public sector organisation over a period of 3.5 years. The study explores how people involved in this process viewed factors influencing the implementation and what effects the risk management process gave rise to. While a large share of previous research on this topic has been confined to analysing the final product in terms of the documented risk assessment report, this study explores factors affecting the process leading to such outcome. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire used on five occasions during the study period. The results from this questionnaire were complemented with an interview study to gain deeper insights and understanding of factors shaping the risk management process. The findings show a maturing process over time where the most clearly visible impact from the risk management process includes an increased risk awareness among persons involved. However, the results also indicate that the outcomes from the risk management process were only to a limited extent spread to the rest of the organisation and persons at the management level showed a declining commitment to the risk management process over the 3.5-year period. Methodologically, the paper underlines the value of adopting a longitudinal research design in the area of risk management to allow for an exploration of trends and patterns arising over time, which contributes to a deeper and more contextualised understanding of a risk management process compared to studies that only rely on capturing snapshots of an organisation's current work practices.
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- Granåsen, Magdalena, 1978-
(författare)
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Exploring C2 Capability and Effectiveness in Challenging Situations : Interorganizational Crisis Management, Military Operations and Cyber Defence
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modern societies are affected by various threats and hazards, including natural disasters, cyber-attacks, extreme weather events and inter-state conflicts. Managing these challenging situations requires immediate actions, suspension of ordinary procedures, decision making under uncertainty and coordinated action. In other words, challenging situations put high demands on the command and control (C2) capability. To strengthen the capability of C2, it is vital to identify the prerequisites for effective coordination and direction within the domain of interest. This thesis explores C2 capability and effectiveness in three domains: interorganizational crisis management, military command and control, and cyber defence operations. The thesis aims to answer three research questions: (1) What constitutes C2 capability? (2) What constitutes C2 effectiveness? and (3) How can C2 effectiveness be assessed? The work was carried out as two case studies and one systematic literature review. The main contributions of the thesis are the identification of perspectives of C2 capability in challenging situations and an overview of approaches to C2 effectiveness assessment. Based on the results of the three studies, six recurring perspectives of capability in the domains studied were identified: interaction (collaboration), direction and coordination, relationships, situation awareness, resilience and preparedness. In the domains there are differences concerning which perspectives that are most emphasized in order obtain C2 capability. C2 effectiveness is defined as the extent to which a C2 system is successful in achieving its intended result. The thesis discusses the interconnectedness of performance and effectiveness measures, and concludes that there is not a united view on the difference between measures of effectiveness and measures of performance. Different approaches to effectiveness assessment were identified, where assessment may be conducted based on one specific issue, in relation to a defined goal for a C2 function or using a more exploratory approach.
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- Hassel, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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An Operational Definition of Emergency Response Capabilities
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Disaster Recovery and Relief: Current & Future Approaches (TIEMS 2007).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well developed emergency response capabilities are crucial in order to keep the risk in a community at low levels. Analysing these capabilities before an emergency occurs is important since it can identify weaknesses and possibilities for improvements. To start off from an operational definition is a possible point of departure in such an analysis. In this paper, therefore, we develop an operational definition of emergency response capabilities, which builds on systems theory and an operational definition of risk. The definition includes three essential elements; the task to which the capability is related, measures of how well that task can be performed and a description of the context affecting the performance of that particular task. The definition makes clear that the context might have large effects on how well a task can be performed and that there are uncertainties both regarding the context and how well a task can be performed given a context. Furthermore, we argue that it should be possible to make judgements about any statements that are made in the analysis regarding their validity and therefore the tasks and performance measures must be defined accordingly. The conclusion is that the operational definition provides an analytic structure which can help actors to gain knowledge about their emergency response capabilities and limits thereof.
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