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- Cars, T, et al.
(författare)
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Antibiotic use and bacterial complications following upper respiratory tract infections: a population-based study
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 7:11, s. e016221-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate if use of antibiotics was associated with bacterial complications following upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs).DesignEcological time-trend analysis and a prospective cohort study.SettingPrimary, outpatient specialist and inpatient care in Stockholm County, Sweden. All analyses were based on administrative healthcare data on consultations, diagnoses and dispensed antibiotics from January 2006 to January 2016.Main outcome measuresEcological time-trend analysis: 10-year trend analyses of the incidence of URTIs, bacterial infections/complications and respiratory antibiotic use.Prospective cohort study: Incidence of bacterial complications following URTIs in antibiotic-exposed and non-exposed patients.ResultsThe utilisation of respiratory tract antibiotics decreased by 22% from 2006 to 2015, but no increased trend for mastoiditis (p=0.0933), peritonsillar abscess (p=0.0544), invasive group A streptococcal disease (p=0.3991), orbital abscess (p=0.9637), extradural and subdural abscesses (p=0.4790) and pansinusitis (p=0.3971) was observed. For meningitis and acute ethmoidal sinusitis, a decrease in the numbers of infections from 2006 to 2015 was observed (p=0.0038 and p=0.0003, respectively), and for retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscesses, an increase was observed (p=0.0214). Bacterial complications following URTIs were uncommon in both antibiotic-exposed (less than 1.5 per 10 000 episodes) and non-exposed patients (less than 1.3 per 10 000 episodes) with the exception of peritonsillar abscess after tonsillitis (risk per 10 000 tonsillitis episodes: 32.4 and 41.1 in patients with no antibiotic treatment and patients treated with antibiotics, respectively).ConclusionsBacterial complications following URTIs are rare, and antibiotics may lack protective effect in preventing bacterial complications. Analyses of routinely collected administrative healthcare data can provide valuable information on the number of URTIs, antibiotic use and bacterial complications to patients, prescribers and policy-makers.
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- Hedberg, P, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical phenotypes and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, RSV and seven other respiratory viruses: a retrospective study using complete hospital data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 1468-3296 .- 0040-6376. ; 77:2, s. 154-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An understanding of differences in clinical phenotypes and outcomes COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viral infections is important to optimise the management of patients and plan healthcare. Herein we sought to investigate such differences in patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 compared with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory viruses.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of hospitalised adults and children (≤15 years) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus A/B, RSV, rhinovirus, enterovirus, parainfluenza viruses, metapneumovirus, seasonal coronaviruses, adenovirus or bocavirus in a respiratory sample at admission between 2011 and 2020.ResultsA total of 6321 adult (1721 SARS-CoV-2) and 6379 paediatric (101 SARS-CoV-2) healthcare episodes were included in the study. In adults, SARS-CoV-2 positivity was independently associated with younger age, male sex, overweight/obesity, diabetes and hypertension, tachypnoea as well as better haemodynamic measurements, white cell count, platelet count and creatinine values. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 was associated with higher 30-day mortality as compared with influenza (adjusted HR (aHR) 4.43, 95% CI 3.51 to 5.59), RSV (aHR 3.81, 95% CI 2.72 to 5.34) and other respiratory viruses (aHR 3.46, 95% CI 2.61 to 4.60), as well as higher 90-day mortality, ICU admission, ICU mortality and pulmonary embolism in adults. In children, patients with SARS-CoV-2 were older and had lower prevalence of chronic cardiac and respiratory diseases compared with other viruses.ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 is associated with more severe outcomes compared with other respiratory viruses, and although associated with specific patient and clinical characteristics at admission, a substantial overlap precludes discrimination based on these characteristics.
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- Ternhag, A, et al.
(författare)
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Basic Surveillance Network, a European database for surveillance data on infectious diseases
- 2004
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Ingår i: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1560-7917. ; 9:7, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Basic Surveillance Network was started in 2000 and is one of the networks on infectious diseases funded by the European Commission. The network collects and makes readily available basic surveillance data on infectious diseases from all the 'old' (pre-2004) European Union member states. The aim is to provide easy access to descriptive data that already exist in national databases, so that it is possible to monitor and compare incidence trends for infectious diseases in the EU member states. The list of diseases covered by the network has recently been expanded from 10 initial 'pilot' diseases to over 40 diseases listed by the EU to be under surveillance. In the near future, the new member states will be invited to participate in the network. Data are case-based and comprise date of onset of disease, age and sex. Only a very short list of disease specific additional variables, such as country of infection or immunisation status, is collected. Classification of cases ( possible, probable, confirmed) is specified according to EU case definitions. The participants of the network have access to an internal web site were all the data is presented in tables and graphs. An open website is available for the public at https://www.eubsn.org./BSN/
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- Ternhag, A, et al.
(författare)
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Salmonella-associated deaths, Sweden, 1997-2003
- 2006
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Ingår i: Emerging infectious diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 12:2, s. 337-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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