| 1. |
- Andréasson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Behandling av alkohol- och narkotikaproblem : En evidensbaserad kunskapssammanställning
- 2001
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utvärderingens syfteMissbruk och beroende av alkohol är ett av de största folkhälsoproblemen. Narkotikamissbruk är mindre vanligt men har stora medicinska konsekvenser för de berörda. De sociala och juridiska aspekterna är betydande. En kritisk genomgång av litteraturen vad avser behandling av abstinens, protraherad abstinens, behandling i syfte att förhindra återfall, psykologiska och sociala behandlingar för att minska återfallsrisken, behandlingsprogram och institutionsvårdens roll, samt behandling av missbruk under graviditet. Dessutom en granskning av mini-intervention i primärvård och annan vård vars syfte är att minska konsumtionen hos högkonsumenter av alkohol. Nyligen gjorda meta-analyser inom området värderas och särskild vikt fästs vid interventioner som finns eller lätt kan introduceras i den svenska vårdorganisationen. Behandlingsprogram för patienter med samtidig annan psykisk störning värderas.Så kallat lågdosberoende av bensodiazepiner och andra lugnande medel eller sömnmedel behandlas inte. Inte heller belyses effekten av behandlingar vars primära mål är kroppsliga komplikationer av missbruket, och inte heller granskas metoder att minska tillgänglighet.TillvägagångssättStrukturerad översikt, kostnadsanalyser.Insamling av primärdataSystematisk sökning i relevanta databaser, litteraturlistor i påträffade studier samt i aktuella monografier. Ingen bakre tidsbegränsning och sökning i databaser till och med februari 1999.Utgångspunkt för urval av dataHuvudsakligen randomiserade, kontrollerade, dubbelblinda studier, samt metaanalyser som baseras på sådana studier. Vad gäller långtidsförlopp och ekonomiska analyser även kohortstudier och andra naturalistiska studier.Genomgång av publikationenSamtliga studier värderas med hjälp av en i gruppen utarbetad, och med övriga psykiatriprojekt gemensam, kvalitetsmall. Alla centrala studier läses av minst två i gruppen.Färdiga manuskript värderas av styrelse, expertgrupp samt externa granskare.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence
- 2003
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Ingår i: Treatment of Alcohol and Drug Abuse. An Evidence-Based Review. - 9783527306824 - 352730682X ; , s. 4-4
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Borg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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InAs/GaSb Heterostructure Nanowires for Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 10:Online August 24, 2010, s. 4080-4085
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- InAs/GaSb nanowire heterostructures with thin GaInAs inserts were grown by MOVPE and characterized by electrical measurements and transmission electron microscopy. Down-scaling of the insert thickness was limited because of an observed sensitivity of GaSb nanowire growth to the presence of In. By employing growth interrupts in between the InAs and GaInAs growth steps it was possible to reach an insert thickness down to 25 nm. Two-terminal devices show a diode behavior, where temperature-dependent measurements indicate a heterostructure barrier height of 0.5 eV, which is identified as the valence band offset between the InAs and GaSb. Three-terminal transistor structures with a top-gate positioned at the heterointerface show clear indications of band-to-band tunnelling.
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| 5. |
- Fridell, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial Treatment for Drug Dependence
- 2003
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Ingår i: Treating Alcohol and Drug Abuse - An evidence based review. - : Treating Alcohol and Drug Abuse - An evidence based review John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9783527306824 ; , s. 325-404
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- All randomized controlled studies published in international peer-reviewed journals up to July 1999 were meta-analysed with the aim of studying the effect of psychosocial interventions on patients with drug dependence. Systematic literature searches were administered by SBU. In all 104 studies were screened and rated according to the 12 dimension quality score of SBU. The analyses in the chapter studied the effects on drug abuse and retention and aimed at specific domains of research; 1) efficacy of treatment of opiate abuse/ depen¬dence (n=24) containing 5.721 patients, 2) of cocaine abuse/dependence, 26 studies with 5.956 patients), 3) cannabis abuse, (7 studies with 707 patients), 4) of treatment methods for patients with mental illness and (9 studies), 5) residential treatment containing 9 studies and 4.867 patients, 6) finally for structure interventions with other outcome measures than drug use, 5 studies with 461 patients. A clinical methodological model elaborated from Wolberg´s (1988) classification, divided the interventions into three groups: ranging in therapist skills, goals and costs from a) supportive, b) reeducational to c) psychotherapeutic intervenetions. Effect sizes were calcylated using Hedge´s d and groups of interventions were weighted with the root of the variance. In opiate abuse re-educational and psycho-therapeutic interventions had a significant but low Wd of .23 and .29 respectively. Re-educational interventions only gained a significant but low effect size of Wd = .24 in treatment of cocaine abuse. Family therapies finally were efficient in the treatment of teenage cannabis abusers in with an intact family network. Supportive interventions, generally, were not effective. For retention as outcome measure, finally, psychotherapies had a significant medium effect size in retention of opiate abuse (Wd= .56, n=3.380) and a low but significant positive effect size in retention of cocaine abuse (Wd= .30, n=3.381).
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| 6. |
- Fridell, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Psykosocial behandling av drogberoende
- 2001
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Ingår i: Behandling av alkohol- och narkotikaproblem - En evidensbaserad kunskapssammanställning. - 9187890739 ; 2, s. 11-122
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Ganjipour, Bahram, et al.
(författare)
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Carrier control and transport modulation in GaSb/InAsSb core/shell nanowires
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 101:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report transport studies of GaSb/InAs core/shell nanowires. It is shown that with increasing InAs shell thickness, it is possible to tune the carrier concentrations and transport in the structures from p-type (core-dominated) to n-type (shell dominated). For nanowires with an intermediate shell thickness (5-7 nm), we show that the transport is ambipolar, such that an applied top-gate potential can provide further control of carrier type and transport path. In this range, the nature of the GaSb-InAs junction also changes from broken gap (semimetal) to staggered (narrow bandgap) with a small decrease in shell thickness. From a device point of view, we demonstrate that the presence of a thin (<3 nm) InAs shell improves p-type GaSb nanowire transistor characteristics. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4749283]
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ganjipour, Bahram, et al.
(författare)
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High current density Esaki tunnel diodes based on GaSb-InAsSb heterostructure nanowires
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 11:10, s. 4222-4226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present electrical characterization of broken gap GaSb-InAsSb nanowire heterojunctions. Esaki diode characteristics with maximum reverse current of 1750 kA/cm2 at 0.50 V, maximum peak current of 67 kA/cm2 at 0.11 V, and peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) of 2.1 are obtained at room temperature. The reverse current density is comparable to that of state-of-the-art tunnel diodes based on heavily doped p-n junctions. However, the GaSb-InAsSb diodes investigated in this work do not rely on heavy doping, which permits studies of transport mechanisms in simple transistor structures processed with high-κ gate dielectrics and top-gates. Such processing results in devices with improved PVR (3.5) and stability of the electrical properties.
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