| 1. |
- Galli, Stefania, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Economic Inequality in Latin America and Africa, 1650 to 1950: Can a comparison of historical trajectories help to understand underdevelopment?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Economic History of Developing Regions. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2078-0389 .- 2078-0397. ; 38:1, s. 41-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present article provides a comparative review of historicaleconomic inequality in the two most unequal regions of theworld, namely Latin America and Africa. This contributionexamines novel studies that provide quantitative estimates ofincome and/or wealth inequality in the two continents in termsof sources, methods, results and interpretations, focusing on theperiod 1650 to 1950. The article shows that although scholars inthe two regions have often employed similar methodologies,their results are far from conforming to a uniform pattern. Thepresent review highlights how scholars of Latin America andAfrica tend to remain geographically isolated, failing to capturethe learning opportunities stemming from the work of theircontinental counterparts in terms of both sources and methods.
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| 2. |
- Galli, Stefania, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstructing a slave society: Building the DWI panel, 1760-1914
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this article, we discuss the sources employed and the methodological choices that entailed assembling a novel, individual-level, large panel dataset containing an incredible wealth of data for a full population in the Caribbeans over the long run, the DWI panel. The panel contains over 1.35 million observations spanning 154 years, well over 100 variables, and its records are linked across sources along demographic and geographic lines throughout the entire period. This richness is all the more valuable in light of the limited source’s availability characteristics of the area and is hoped to lead to a renewed debate over our understanding of former slave societies, while fostering collaborations with scholars relying on similar datasets for other areas of the world.
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| 3. |
- Galli, Stefania, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Thriving in a declining economy - Elite persistence in the West Indies, 1760-1914
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The issue of how elites as a social group come to be, how they maintain their position and how they affect the society they come to control is very much at the centre of the inequality debate. The present paper studies one of the most extreme unequal societies ever recorded, that of the sugar-based economies in the West Indies, and examines the emergence and persistence of its economic elite by focusing on the island of St. Croix in the Danish West Indies. The study spans 154 years, enabling us to study long-run elite persistence along with the effects that major economic, institutional, and social changes had on it. Our study shows that elite persistence remained high throughout this period, despite several potential ‘critical junctures’ taking place. The Crucian elite not only managed to maintain its relative standing but also to accumulate a growing share of the total wealth available on the island. Maintaining a grip on the economy did, nonetheless, coincide with a severe and rapid impoverishment in absolute terms.
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| 4. |
- Katselis, Dimitrios, et al.
(författare)
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On OFDM/OQAM receivers
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 Proceedings Of The 20th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467310680 ; , s. 2566-2570
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In OFDM/OQAM systems, the presence of the intrinsic interference effect, caused by the lack of complex field orthogonality of the pulses employed, challenges the symbol detection task at the receiver. In this paper, the problem of equalization in such a system is studied, through the comparative analysis of three approaches to zero forcing equalization: (a) the classical receiver, which operates directly on the received signal at each subcarrier without any additional processing, (b) the dispersive receiver, forming sufficient statistics for the symbol decision, and (c) an alternative approach, which aims at completely eliminating intrinsic interference before deciding the symbols. The receivers are formulated and analyzed under the common assumptions for the OFDM/OQAM input/output model. The classical receiver is then shown to perform similarly with the other two for relatively short channels, while it outperforms them when the channel dispersion is large with respect to the number of subcarriers. Through these results, the sensitivity of the detection performance of alternative receivers to the validity of the input/output model is revealed and assessed.
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| 5. |
- Kofidis, Eleftherios, et al.
(författare)
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Preamble-based channel estimation in OFDM/OQAM systems : A review
- 2013
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Ingår i: Signal Processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1684 .- 1872-7557. ; 93:7, s. 2038-2054
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Filter bank-based multicarrier communications (FBMC) have recently attracted increased interest in both wired (e.g., xDSL, PLC) and wireless (e.g., cognitive radio) applications, due to their enhanced flexibility, higher spectral efficiency, and better spectral containment compared to conventional OFDM. A particular type of FBMC, the so-called FBMC/OQAM or OFDM/OQAM system, consisting of pulse shaped OFDM carrying offset QAM (OQAM) symbols, has received increasing attention due to, among other features, its higher spectral efficiency and implementation simplicity. It suffers, however, from an imaginary inter-carrier/inter-symbol interference that complicates signal processing tasks such as channel estimation. This paper focuses on channel estimation for OFDM/OQAM systems based on a known preamble. A review of the existing preamble structures and associated channel estimation methods is given, for both single- (SISO) and multiple-antenna (MIMO) systems. The various preambles are compared via simulations in both mildly and highly frequency selective channels.
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| 6. |
- Prado, Svante, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Electricity and the Technology–Skill Complementarity: Evidence from the Swedish Industrial Census of 1931
- 2017
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Ingår i: Essays in Economic & Business History. - 0896-226X. ; 35:1, s. 97-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notwithstanding the popularity among economists of attributing the surging inequality of recent decades to technology–skill complementarity, researchers with a keen eye on history have been reluctant to pick up this thread. This paper joins Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz’s attempt to examine the role of electrification as an example of a technology that is complementary to workers’ rising skill levels. Sweden electrified manufacturing processes rapidly in the first quarter of the twentieth century, while the supply of skills through secondary education only increased significantly in the 1950s. We use industry-specific information from the Swedish Industrial Census of 1931 to establish whether electricity and the use of white-collar workers correlated positively. The results indicate that the correlation was positive, but the estimated effect was rather small. Moreover, the available evidence for skill ratios does not suggest that inequality, thus measured, increased. We conclude that labor market institutions prevented—and also overturned—the inequality push emanating from technology.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Rönnbäck, Klas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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African agricultural productivity and the transatlantic slave trade: evidence from Senegambia in the nineteenth century
- 2019
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Ingår i: Economic history review. - : Wiley. - 0013-0117. ; 72:1, s. 209-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of agriculture has been central in Africa’s long-term economic development. Previous research has argued that low productivity of African economies has posed significant challenges in African efforts to produce an agricultural surplus or develop commercial agriculture. Low agricultural productivity has also served as a key explanation for the transatlantic slave trade, on the basis that it was more profitable to export humans overseas than to grow and export produce. The field has however suffered from a lack of comparable empirical evidence. This paper contributes to this field by presenting quantitative data on historical land- and labour productivity in Africa, from a case study of the agricultural productivity in Senegambia in the early nineteenth century. Focusing on five key crops, our results suggest that both land- and labour productivity was lower in Senegambia than it was in all other parts of the world for which we have found comparable data. We thus lend support to claims that stress ecological factors as one of the main determinants of Africa’s historical development.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Rönnbäck, Klas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Cotton cultivation under colonial rule in India in the nineteenth century from a comparative perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Economic history review. - : Wiley. - 0013-0117 .- 1468-0289. ; 75:2, s. 374-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- India has played an important role in recent debates on the development of agriculture during colonial rule, and on the performance of US cotton plantations during the nineteenth century. The debates suffer from a lack of quantitative evidence on the productivity of Indian cotton cultivation. In this article, we examine levels of land and labour productivity in cotton cultivation in nineteenth-century India, and compare this data with corresponding productivity figures from the US. Average yields in India were much lower than previous research would suggest, and trends were generally stagnant or even negative. The difference between the cost of labour in India and the US was also lower than previous research would suggest.
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