| 1. |
- Methnani, Leila, et al.
(författare)
-
Embracing AWKWARD! Real-time Adjustment of Reactive Plans Using Social Norms
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Coordination, organizations, institutions, norms, and ethics for governance of multi-agent systems XV. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783031208447 - 9783031208454 ; , s. 54-72
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the AWKWARD agent architecture for the development of agents in Multi-Agent Systems. AWKWARD agents can have their plans re-configured in real time to align with social role requirements under changing environmental and social circumstances. The proposed hybrid architecture makes use of Behaviour Oriented De-sign (BOD) to develop agents with reactive planning and of the well-established OperA framework to provide organisational, social, and inter-action definitions in order to validate and adjust agents’ behaviours. Together, OperA and BOD can achieve real-time adjustment of agent plans for evolving social roles, while providing the additional benefit of transparency into the interactions that drive this behavioural change in individual agents. We present this architecture to motivate the bridging between traditional symbolic- and behaviour-based AI communities, where such combined solutions can help MAS researchers in their pursuit of building stronger, more robust intelligent agent teams. We use DOTA2—a game where success is heavily dependent on social interactions—as a medium to demonstrate a sample implementation of our proposed hybrid architecture.
|
|
| 2. |
- Aler Tubella, Andrea, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Contestable Black Boxes
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Rules and Reasoning. RuleML+RR 2020.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030579777 - 9783030579760 ; , s. 159-167
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The right to contest a decision with consequences on individuals or the society is a well-established democratic right. Despite this right also being explicitly included in GDPR in reference to automated decision-making, its study seems to have received much less attention in the AI literature compared, for example, to the right for explanation. This paper investigates the type of assurances that are needed in the contesting process when algorithmic black boxes are involved, opening new questions about the interplay of contestability and explainability. We argue that specialised complementary methodologies to evaluate automated decision-making in the case of a particular decision being contested need to be developed. Further, we propose a combination of well-established software engineering and rule-based approaches as a possible socio-technical solution to the issue of contestability, one of the new democratic challenges posed by the automation of decision making.
|
|
| 3. |
- Aler Tubella, Andrea, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Governance by glass-box : implementing transparent moral bounds for AI behaviour
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. - California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization. ; , s. 5787-5793
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are being used to predict and assess behaviour in multiple domains which directly affect human well-being. However, if AI is to improve people’s lives, then people must be able to trust it, by being able to understand what the system is doing and why. Although transparency is often seen as the requirementin this case, realistically it might not always be possible, whereas the need to ensure that the system operates within set moral bounds remains.In this paper, we present an approach to evaluate the moral bounds of an AI system based on the monitoring of its inputs and outputs. We place a ‘Glass-Box’ around the system by mapping moral values into explicit verifiable norms that constrain inputs and outputs, in such a way that if these remain within the box we can guarantee that the system adheres to the value. The focus on inputs and outputs allows for the verification and comparison of vastly different intelligent systems; from deep neural networks to agent-based systems.The explicit transformation of abstract moral values into concrete norms brings great benefits interms of explainability; stakeholders know exactly how the system is interpreting and employing relevant abstract moral human values and calibrate their trust accordingly. Moreover, by operating at a higher level we can check the compliance of the system with different interpretations of the same value.
|
|
| 4. |
- Aler Tubella, Andrea, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Interrogating the black box : Transparency through information-seeking dialogues
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS. - : International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS). - 9781713832621 ; , s. 106-114
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is preoccupied with the following question: given a (possibly opaque) learning system, how can we understand whether its behaviour adheres to governance constraints? The answer can be quite simple: we just need to “ask” the system about it. We propose to construct an investigator agent to query a learning agent- the suspect agent- to investigate its adherence to a given ethical policy in the context of an information-seeking dialogue, modeled in formal argumentation settings. This formal dialogue framework is the main contribution of this paper. Through it, we break down compliance checking mechanisms into three modular components, each of which can be tailored to various needs in a vast amount of ways: an investigator agent, a suspect agent, and an acceptance protocol determining whether the responses of the suspect agent comply with the policy. This acceptance protocol presents a fundamentally different approach to aggregation: rather than using quantitative methods to deal with the non-determinism of a learning system, we leverage the use of argumentation semantics to investigate the notion of properties holding consistently. Overall, we argue that the introduced formal dialogue framework opens many avenues both in the area of compliance checking and in the analysis of properties of opaque systems.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Bogani, Ronny, et al.
(författare)
-
Garbage in, toxic data out : a proposal for ethical artificial intelligence sustainability impact statements
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AI and Ethics. - : Springer Nature. - 2730-5953 .- 2730-5961. ; 3, s. 1135-1142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data and autonomous systems are taking over our lives, from healthcare to smart homes very few aspects of our day to day are not permeated by them. The technological advances enabled by these technologies are limitless. However, with advantages so too come challenges. As these technologies encompass more and more aspects of our lives, we are forgetting the ethical, legal, safety and moral concerns that arise as an outcome of integrating our lives with technology. In this work, we study the lifecycle of artificial intelligence from data gathering to deployment, providing a structured analytical assessment of the potential ethical, safety and legal concerns. The paper then presents the foundations for the first ethical artificial intelligence sustainability statement to guide future development of AI in a safe and sustainable manner.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bryson, Joanna J., et al.
(författare)
-
How society can maintain human-centric artificial intelligence
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Human-centered digitalization and services. - Singapore : Springer. - 9789811377242 - 9789811377259 ; , s. 305-323
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although not a goal universally held, maintaining human-centric artificial intelligence is necessary for society's long-term stability. Fortunately, the legal and technological problems of maintaining control are actually fairly well understood and amenable to engineering. The real problem is establishing the social and political will for assigning and maintaining accountability for artifacts when these artifacts are generated or used. In this chapter we review the necessity and tractability of maintaining human control and the mechanisms by which such control can be achieved. What makes the problem both most interesting and most threatening is that achieving consensus around any human-centered approach requires at least some measure of agreement on broad existential concerns.
|
|
| 8. |
- Brännström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Let it RAIN for social good
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety 2022 (AISafety 2022). - : CEUR-WS.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a highly transformative technology take on a special role as both an enabler and a threat to UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). AI Ethics and emerging high-level policy efforts stand at the pivot point between these outcomes but is barred from effect due the abstraction gap between high-level values and responsible action. In this paper the Responsible Norms (RAIN) framework is presented, bridging this gap thereby enabling effective high-level control of AI impact. With effective and operationalized AI Ethics, AI technologies can be directed towards global sustainable development.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Chiou, Manolis, et al.
(författare)
-
Variable Autonomy for Human-Robot Teaming (VAT)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: HRI '23. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450399708 ; , s. 932-932
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As robots are introduced to various domains and applications, Human-Robot Teaming (HRT) capabilities are essential. Such capabilities involve teaming with humans in/on/out-the-loop at different levels of abstraction, leveraging the complementing capabilities of humans and robots. This requires robotic systems with the ability to dynamically vary their level or degree of autonomy to collaborate with the human(s) efficiently and overcome various challenging circumstances. Variable Autonomy (VA) is an umbrella term encompassing such research, including but not limited to shared control and shared autonomy, mixed-initiative, adjustable autonomy, and sliding autonomy. This workshop is driven by the timely need to bring together VA-related research and practices that are often disconnected across different communities as the field is relatively young. The workshop's goal is to consolidate research in VA. To this end, and given the complexity and span of Human-Robot systems, this workshop will adopt a holistic trans-disciplinary approach aiming to a) identify and classify related common challenges and opportunities; b) identify the disciplines that need to come together to tackle the challenges; c) identify and define common terminology, approaches, methodologies, benchmarks, and metrics; d) define short- and longterm research goals for the community. To achieve these objectives, this workshop aims to bring together industry stakeholders, researchers from fields under the banner of VA, and specialists from other highly related fields such as human factors and psychology. The workshop will consist of a mix of invited talks, contributed papers, and an interactive discussion panel, toward a shared vision for VA.
|
|
