| 1. |
- Blaise, Régis, et al.
(författare)
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Testis hormone-sensitive lipase expression in spermatids is governed by a short promoter in transgenic mice
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 276:7, s. 5109-5115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A testicular form of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSLtes), a triacylglycerol lipase, and cholesterol esterase, is expressed in male germ cells. Northern blot analysis showed HSLtes mRNA expression in early spermatids. Immunolocalization of the protein in human and rodent seminiferous tubules indicated that the highest level of expression occurred in elongated spermatids. We have previously shown that 0.5 kilobase pairs of the human HSLtes promoter directs testis-specific expression of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in transgenic mice and determined regions binding nuclear proteins expressed in testis but not in liver (Blaise, R,, Grober, J,, Rouet, P., Tavernier, G., Daegelen, D., and Langin, D. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 9327-9334). Mutation of a SRY/Sox-binding site in one of the regions did not impair in vivo testis-specific expression of the reporter gene. Further transgenic analyses established that 95 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site were sufficient for correct testis expression. In gel retardation assays using early spermatid nuclear extracts, a germ cell-specific DNA-protein interaction was mapped between -46 and -29 base pairs. The DNA binding nuclear protein showed properties of zinc finger transcription factors. Mutation of the region abolished reporter gene activity in transgenic mice, showing that it is necessary for testis expression of HSLtes.
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| 2. |
- Bouchet, Aude, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational Effects Induced by Guest Encapsulation in an Enantiopure Water-Soluble Cryptophane
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 76:5, s. 1372-1383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new water-soluble cryptophane 1 derivative (penta-hydroxyl cryptophane-A) has been synthesized from cryptophanol-A and the chiroptical properties of its two enantiomers M M-1 and P P-1 have been studied by polarimetry, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD). Cryptophane 1 shows specific circular dichroism responses upon complexation that depend on the size of the guest and on the nature of the counterion (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+) present in the solution. In LiOH and NaOH solutions, chiroptical changes induced by the encapsulation of guests and by the presence of cations in the vicinity of hosts can be interpreted from molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio calculations by subtle conformational changes of the bridges. In KOH solution, the exchange dynamics is dependent on the size of the guest molecules, whereas in CsOH solution no encapsulation effect is observed whatever the size of the guest molecule. This last behavior comes from the fact that host 1 exhibits a very high affinity for cesium cations.
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| 3. |
- Bouchet, Aude, et al.
(författare)
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Enantioselective Complexation of Chiral Propylene Oxide by an Enantiopure Water-Soluble Cryptophane
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 76:10, s. 4178-4181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ECD and NMR experiments show that the complexation of propylene oxide (PrO) within the cavity of an enantiopure water-soluble cryptophane 1 in NaOH solution is enantioselective and that the (R)-PrO@PP-1 diastereomer is more stable than the (S)-PrO@PP-1 diastereomer with a free energy difference of 1.7 kJ/mol. This result has been confirmed to by molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio calculations. The enantioselectivity is preserved in LiOH and KOH solutions even though the binding constants decrease, whereas PrO is not complexed in CsOH solution.
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| 4. |
- Bouchet, Aude, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the Chemical Structure of Water-Soluble Cryptophanes on Their Overall Chiroptical and Binding Properties
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society. - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 76:19, s. 7816-7825
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis and the chiroptical properties of the two enantiomers of the hexacarboxylic acid cryptophane-A derivative, 1, are described in this article. The chiroptical and binding properties of 1 toward achiral and chiral guests have been investigated in water under basic conditions by polarimetry, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. These experiments reveal that the (1)H NMR spectra of 1 are very sensitive to the nature of the guest trapped in its cavity whereas ECD and VCD spectra remain unchanged. We also show that the two enantiomers of 1 are able to distinguish between the two enantiomers of a series of small chiral epoxides. The enantiodiscrimination increases with the size of the chiral guest whereas the corresponding binding constants decrease. In contrast to what was observed for other water-soluble cryptophanes, the molecular recognition process is found independent of the nature of the counterions surrounding host 1, shedding light on the importance of the chemical structure of cryptophanes on their binding and chiroptical properties.
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| 5. |
- Brotin, Thierry, et al.
(författare)
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High Affinity of Water-Soluble Cryptophanes for Cesium Cations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 77:2, s. 1198-1201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exceptionally high affinity for cesium cations was achieved in aqueous solution using two enantiopure cryptophanes. Complexation of cesium was evidenced by Cs-133 NMR spectroscopy and by electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Binding constants as high as 6 X 10(9) M-1 have been measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Very strong complexation of rubidium cations (K similar to 10(6) M-1) has also been measured. Chiral hosts allowed the detection of the two cations at low concentrations (mu M) using ECD.
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| 6. |
- Cassagne, Thierry B., et al.
(författare)
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Long term corrosion testing and monitoring of oxygen and corrosion potential in an umbilical design
- 2012
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Ingår i: NACE - International Corrosion Conference Series. - 9781622760787 ; , s. 1096-1108
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subsea umbilicals are used for control and operation of subsea oil and gas production facilities. Typically an umbilical consists of steel tubes, electrical cables, fiber optic cables, weight or strength elements and fillers. Super duplex stainless steel tube material has been used for almost 20 years within the umbilical industry. However, a recent failure on two orbital welds of 25Cr super duplex of an umbilical installed in the South China Sea was reported. From these results some umbilical end users recommended the use of thermoplastic coating to avoid crevice corrosion on 25Cr super duplex stainless steel above 20°C. However, this limit is based on results obtained for super duplex stainless steel in aerated natural seawater and very little is known on the micro-environment formed by the confined seawater between metallic tubes and polymer matrix of an umbilical. This work reports corrosion potential and oxygen content measurements in the confined zone between the metallic tubes and the polymer matrix of an umbilical. These measurements were performed using micro-electrodes on a 2 meter long real umbilical at 30°C in heated natural seawater. From the measurements, it is shown that the oxygen content in the confined zone is rapidly consumed probably due to the passive current on the stainless steel tubes and then remains below 2 ppm over one year exposure period. From the open-circuit potential measurements performed in the confined zone, it is clear that the open circuit potential remained below -150 mV/AgCl. This translates an absence of electrochemical effect of the biofilm in the confined zone. Visual and metallographic examinations of the tubes after exposure confirmed the results obtained by the microelectrodes and clearly indicate that no corrosion initiation occurred on superduplex stainless steel (base metal and welds) under these experimental conditions. The results are discussed in view of the validity of corrosion tests performed under aerated conditions and the need of further developments of new testing procedures to represent the confined situation in the umbilical design.
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| 7. |
- Engert, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The European Hematology Association Roadmap for European Hematology Research : a consensus document
- 2016
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - Pavia, Italy : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 0390-6078 .- 1592-8721. ; 101:2, s. 115-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Hematology Association (EHA) Roadmap for European Hematology Research highlights major achievements in diagnosis and treatment of blood disorders and identifies the greatest unmet clinical and scientific needs in those areas to enable better funded, more focused European hematology research. Initiated by the EHA, around 300 experts contributed to the consensus document, which will help European policy makers, research funders, research organizations, researchers, and patient groups make better informed decisions on hematology research. It also aims to raise public awareness of the burden of blood disorders on European society, which purely in economic terms is estimated at (sic)23 billion per year, a level of cost that is not matched in current European hematology research funding. In recent decades, hematology research has improved our fundamental understanding of the biology of blood disorders, and has improved diagnostics and treatments, sometimes in revolutionary ways. This progress highlights the potential of focused basic research programs such as this EHA Roadmap. The EHA Roadmap identifies nine 'sections' in hematology: normal hematopoiesis, malignant lymphoid and myeloid diseases, anemias and related diseases, platelet disorders, blood coagulation and hemostatic disorders, transfusion medicine, infections in hematology, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These sections span 60 smaller groups of diseases or disorders. The EHA Roadmap identifies priorities and needs across the field of hematology, including those to develop targeted therapies based on genomic profiling and chemical biology, to eradicate minimal residual malignant disease, and to develop cellular immunotherapies, combination treatments, gene therapies, hematopoietic stem cell treatments, and treatments that are better tolerated by elderly patients.
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| 8. |
- Forslund, Sofia K., et al.
(författare)
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Combinatorial, additive and dose-dependent drug–microbiome associations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 600:7889, s. 500-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the transition from a healthy state to cardiometabolic disease, patients become heavily medicated, which leads to an increasingly aberrant gut microbiome and serum metabolome, and complicates biomarker discovery1–5. Here, through integrated multi-omics analyses of 2,173 European residents from the MetaCardis cohort, we show that the explanatory power of drugs for the variability in both host and gut microbiome features exceeds that of disease. We quantify inferred effects of single medications, their combinations as well as additive effects, and show that the latter shift the metabolome and microbiome towards a healthier state, exemplified in synergistic reduction in serum atherogenic lipoproteins by statins combined with aspirin, or enrichment of intestinal Roseburia by diuretic agents combined with beta-blockers. Several antibiotics exhibit a quantitative relationship between the number of courses prescribed and progression towards a microbiome state that is associated with the severity of cardiometabolic disease. We also report a relationship between cardiometabolic drug dosage, improvement in clinical markers and microbiome composition, supporting direct drug effects. Taken together, our computational framework and resulting resources enable the disentanglement of the effects of drugs and disease on host and microbiome features in multimedicated individuals. Furthermore, the robust signatures identified using our framework provide new hypotheses for drug–host–microbiome interactions in cardiometabolic disease.
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| 9. |
- Tulet, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 17:8, s. 5355-5378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The STRAP (Synergie Transdisciplinaire pour Répondre aux Aléas liés aux Panaches volcaniques) campaign was conducted in 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements at the local (near the vent) and at the regional scales around the island were conducted. The STRAP 2015 campaign has become possible thanks to a strong cross-disciplinary collaboration between volcanologists and meteorologists. The main observations during four eruptive periods (85 days) are summarized. They include the estimates of SO2, CO2 and H2O emissions, the altitude of the plume at the vent and over different areas of La Réunion Island, the evolution of the SO2 concentration, the aerosol size distribution, and the aerosol extinction profile. A climatology of the volcanic plume dispersion is also reported. Simulations and measurements showed that the plume formed by weak eruption has a stronger interaction with the surface of the island. Strong SO2 and particles concentrations above 1000 ppb and 50 000 cm−3, respectively, are frequently measured over 20 km of distance from the Piton de la Fournaise. The measured aerosol size distribution shows the predominance of small particles in the volcanic plume. A particular emphasis is placed on the gas-particle conversion with several cases of strong nucleation of sulfuric acid observed within the plume and at the distal site of the Maïdo observatory. The STRAP 2015 campaign gave a unique set of multi-disciplinary data that can now be used by modellers to improve the numerical paramameterizations of the physical and chemical evolution of the volcanic plumes.
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| 10. |
- Abi Nassif, L., et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of potential ennoblement of stainless steel in natural seawater by an ecofriendly biopolymer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2213-3437. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of biofilm formation on passive stainless steel in seawater environments is of primary importance since it leads to potential ennoblement of surfaces and subsequently to localized corrosion such as pitting and crevice corrosion. This study aims at developing an ecofriendly alginate biopolymer containing both non-toxic calcium and a limited amount of biocidal zinc ions which inhibits this effect. For this purpose, calcium alginate containing less than 1 % of zinc ions localized in the vicinity of the steel surface in natural and renewed seawater is demonstrated to reduce significantly the ennoblement process of steel. After 1 month of immersion, a mass loss of only 4 % of the active material is observed authorizing thereby long-term protection of steel in real environment.
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