| 1. |
- Rohdin, Patrik, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers to and drivers for energy efficiency in the Swedish foundry industry
- 2007
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 35:1, s. 672-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the need for increased industrial energy efficiency, studies indicate that cost-efficient energy conservation measures are not always implemented, explained by the existence of barriers to energy efficiency. This paper investigates the existence of different barriers to and driving forces for the implementation of energy efficiency measures in the energy intensive Swedish foundry industry. The overall results from a questionnaire show that limited access to capital constitutes by far the largest barrier to energy efficiency according to the respondents. A comparison between group-owned and privately owned foundries shows that, except for limited access to capital, they face different high-ranked barriers. While barriers within group owned companies are more related to organizational problems, barriers within private foundries are more related to information problems. This study also found that energy consultants or other actors working with energy issues in foundries are of major importance in overcoming the largest barriers, as the foundries consider them trustworthy. They may thus help the foundries overcome organizational problems such as lack of sub-metering and lack of budget funds by quantifying potential energy efficiency investments. The two, by far, most important drivers were found to be people with real ambition and long-term energy strategies.
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| 2. |
- Andrei, Mariana, et al.
(författare)
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Decarbonization of industry : Guidelines towards a harmonized energy efficiency policy program impact evaluation methodology
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2352-4847. ; 7, s. 1385-1395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The decarbonization of EU energy system is under way, but manufacturing industry is still using approximately 25% of the EU total final energy use. To maintain long-term competitiveness while contributing to the EU goal of carbon neutrality by 2050, manufacturing industry needs to improve energy efficiency in a cost-effective way. One important way to achieve this is through energy audits. The Energy Efficiency Directive promotes member states development of energy efficiency programs to encourage industry to undergo energy audits. Previous studies have reviewed industrial energy efficiency policy program evaluations and argued that there is no harmonized way to conduct them. This leads to difficulties in: i) comparing energy efficiency and cost saving potentials throughout different programs, and ii) providing necessary information that supports the improvement of the policy program. Therefore, we argue that a harmonized methodology for industrial energy efficiency policy program evaluation is of great importance, and, we have developed a set of five-steps guidelines that lay the foundation for an ex-ante energy efficiency policy program evaluation methodology. The guidelines are to be be conducted during the lifetime of the program, in five steps, as follows: (s1) define key issues, (s2) set the objectives for each key issue, (s3) identify the options for each key issue, (s4) analyze options from an energy and environmental perspective, and (s5) compare options and select the recommended one. Our proposed methodology will support policymakers and evaluators answer questions such as: i) how can the objectives of the policy program be achieved? ii) is there any need to change the policy program? Furthermore, a comparison in terms of relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainability of all major policy options developed, including the status quo option is proposed in the methodology. This paper can be seen an important step towards the goal of creating a harmonized policy evaluation methodology. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Andrei, Mariana, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring a decarbonization framework for a Swedish automotive paint shop
- 2024
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The automotive industry is the world’s largest manufacturing activity, characterized by complex productionprocesses and some energy-intense processes which use a significant quantity of raw materials. The production processes responsible for the highest energy end-use take place in the paint shop. Depending on the type of paintshop processes, the energy use can account for up to 75 % of the plant’s total energy end-use. This study aims to contribute to an enhanced understanding of the complexity of adopting decarbonization measures and to provide support for planning and decision-making in practice. By adopting a bottom-up perspective, a longitudinal case study was conducted on a state-of-the-art automotive paint-shop between November 2019 and March 2023. To achieve the study’s aim, a bottom-up methodology was developed comprising several steps: i) analysis of decarbonization measures, ii) mapping of process energy use and CO2 emissions, and iii) economic analysis. The data-based methodology is flexible and can be applied in different automotive paint-shops. Main findings show that i) incremental energy efficiency measures have the fastest adoption level, with relatively high savings potential,and most of these are cost effective; ii) radical process innovation measures have a higher savings potential, but long-term adoption levels due to the radical innovations required in the supply chain, and the highly specialized knowledge needed in the pre-treatment process; and iii) the primary drivers for implementing the measures are to achieve the climate targets and establish a leading position in the sector, rather than focusing primarily on the cost-effectiveness of the measures.
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| 4. |
- Andrei, Mariana, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the design of voluntary initiatives from the transition management perspective – A means for industrial decarbonization
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - 2352-4847. ; 11, s. 5894-5909
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies claim that national policies fall short of the ambitious goal to limit global temperature increase to well below 2°C, preferably 1.5°C, revealing an ambition gap between current commitments and those needed to reach climate neutrality. To bridge this gap, commitments must increase more than fivefold to achieve the necessary reduction in GHG emissions. Voluntary initiatives (VIs), gaining interest as an approach to support the Paris Agreement's ambition, have the potential to bridge the commitment gap and limit the expected temperature increase to 2°C if all their voluntary commitments to climate neutrality are fulfilled. While decarbonizing the manufacturing sector is crucial for climate targets, no prior study has explored the theoretical potential of industry-related VIs to bridge the gap for industrial decarbonization. This paper addresses this gap by examining the potential contribution of these VIs, analyzing criteria related to arena and agenda creation, operationalization, and accountability. By applying the transition management framework innovatively, the study investigates eighty-three industry-related VIs led by both state and non-state actors. The research process, involving the development of an analytical framework, VIs selection, data collection and validation, categorization, and analysis, provides insights into how the design affects VIs' potential for industrial decarbonization. The main findings highlight, firstly, the need for clearly defined and measurable targets, enhanced commitments, and robust accountability mechanisms, especially for non-state actor-led initiatives. Secondly, increased participation from energy-intensive sector companies due to their pivotal role for GHG emission reduction. Lastly, collaboration between state and non-state actors is critical for bridging the decarbonization gap in manufacturing industries. Additionally, the similarity between VIs and voluntary agreement programs (VAPs) is highlighted, with VAPs been overseen by governmental bodies with administrative authority. Given the urgency of addressing climate change, an unanswered question remains: Will future policies transition away from voluntariness towards more mandatory administrative character?
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| 5. |
- Andrei, Mariana, 1981-
(författare)
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The role of industrial energy management in the transition toward sustainable energy systems : Exploring practices, knowledge dynamics and policy evaluation
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mitigating climate change represents one of the most pressing challenges of our time. The EU has set the goal of reaching climate neutrality by 2050. The transition of manufacturing organizations is essential in reaching the EU’s goal, since industry accounts for circa 25% of the total final energy use and about one-fifth of EU’s GHG emissions. Energy efficiency stands as one of the essential pillars of industrial decarbonization, with energy management playing a pivotal role in reaching its full potential. To remain competitive in the long term and align with the EU’s carbon neutrality goal for 2050, the manufacturing industry must enhance energy efficiency in a cost-effective way. Manufacturing companies are exploring new ways of working with energy management in order to meet the requirements for both radical and incremental innovations needed to achieve the climate neutrality goal. However, due to the high complexity of industrial energy systems and its high diversity among sectors, improving energy efficiency is a difficult task. Knowledge, especially extensive knowledge, is a key factor for adopting innovations in energy efficiency and industrial processes. The aim of this thesis is to explore the role of industrial energy management in the transition toward sustainable energy systems using an extended system approach. Employing top-down and bottom-up approaches, this thesis specifically focuses on three key aspects: industrial energy management practices, knowledge dynamics in industrial energy management, and policy evaluation. Key aspects of this thesis have been studied by means of mixed methods, such as literature reviews, interviews, case study with action research approach, survey, and evaluations. This thesis advocates that energy management practices (EnMPs) include activities beyond energy efficiency improvements. Specifically, they incorporate activities related to the decarbonization of industrial processes, including energy supply (own and purchased) and fuel conversion, at the very least. The results show that internal EnMPs revolve around a focus on technologies, processes, and leadership, for which knowledge creation is an ongoing and evolving process. EnMPs encompass a comprehensive set of strategies and actions undertaken by manufacturing organizations to enhance energy efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and navigate the transition towards sustainable energy systems. Such practices consist of the following components: energy conservation, energy efficiency, process innovation, energy supply and compensation measures. Furthermore, this thesis has shown that external EnMPs are connected to the participation in energy policy programs and voluntary initiatives and is a common practice in energy management work.Organizations often employ a combination of these strategies to achieve climate neutrality and align with environmental sustainability goals. Successful implementation of EnMPs is contingent upon deep process knowledge, especially in the case of radical process innovations, which necessitate a thorough understanding of interdependencies and interconnected processes. Collaboration with external sources of knowledge, including universities and stakeholders, is essential to drive innovation and adapt to evolving energy systems. Leadership plays a vital role in navigating these complexities and ensuring a strategic approach to EnMPs implementation. This thesis contributes to the field of research on energy management in different ways: i. re-viewing the role of energy management in the current context of transition toward sustainable energy systems, ii. advancing theoretical and practical understanding of energy management in manufacturing organizations, iii. enhancing the knowledge-creation perspective within energy management practices for enhancing the adoption of both energy efficiency and process innovation, and iv. advancing theoretical understanding of the knowledge-creation process for energy management through the development of a knowledge-based framework.
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| 6. |
- Backlund, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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A regional method for increased resource-efficiency in industrial energy systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: eceee Industrial Summer Study Proceedings. - 9789198048254 - 9789198048247
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of global climate change as a result of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), primarily from the use of fossil fuels, is demanding actions from all sectors of society. The industry sector is one of the world’s largest energy using sectors and GHG emitters. Improved energy efficiency in industry is one of the foremost means of improving energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. Research shows that despite large untapped potentials for improved energy efficiency in industry, cost-efficient energy efficiency measures are not always implemented, explained by the existence of barriers to energy efficiency, e.g. information imperfections and asymmetries. Moreover, research shows that a major energy efficiency potential lies in the energy system and the way it is governed. For regional governments, the industrial energy use is difficult to affect as they only have indirect power to influence the decisions in those organizations. This underlies the importance of developing methods on how a region can support and effectively contribute to energy efficiency improvements in the local industry. So far, methods are limited related to regional governance of industrial energy systems. The aim of this paper is to present a structured methodology for improved regional resource efficiency in the local industry from a regional perspective, inspired by the Triple Helix Model. Results display the county administrative board of administration’s current method how to target industry, and ends with a proposal for how the methods could be improved.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Impact and process evaluation of the Swedish national energy audit program for small and medium-sized industries
- 2012
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Ingår i: eceee 2012 Industrial Summer Study. - : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). - 9789198048209 - 9789198048216 ; , s. 73-80
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In April 2006 the EU adopted the so-called Energy End-Use efficiency and Energy Services Directive that gives energy audit programs a central role for promoting energy efficiency. As a consequence Sweden launched a program to support implementations of energy audits in Swedish companies, the so-called energy audit checks, in April 2010. The program is constructed so that a company that performs an energy audit gets subsidy of 50 % of the audit cost, up to a maximum value of 3300 EUR, when performed an approved energy audit. The program targets small and medium sized companies, as the maximum subsidy indicates. The aim of this paper is to present an evaluation of the initial phase of this Swedish energy audit program. The results include bottom-up data on potentials and outcome of the program and comparison with other previous programs. Expected results, in addition to bottom-up data, will include the need to involve regional and municipal actors in the program, a need for formulation of program goals and a need for a standardized energy audit tool. The energy efficiency potential for the 300 energy audits approved so far in the program is estimated to around 20 %. 1000-2000 energy audits are estimated to be approved within the program, which makes it by far the largest Energy audit program in Sweden. The already funded energy audits indicate an implementation rate of the proposed measures of 20-40 %.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Osbeck, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Energy efficiency opportunities within the powder coating industry
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress 2011 (WREC 2011), 9-13 May, Linköping.. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789173930703 ; , s. 1700-1707
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new challenge to reduce energy usage has emerged in Swedish industry because of increasing energy costs. Energy usage in the Swedish powder coating industry is about 525 GWh annually. This industry has a long and successful record of working towards reduced environmental impact. However, they have not given priority to energy saving investments. Electricity and LPG, for which end-user prices are predicted to increase by as much as 50 – 60% by 2020, are the main energy carriers used in the plants. This paper presents the results of two detailed industrial energy audits conducted with the aim of quantifying the energy efficiency potential for the Swedish powder coating industry. Energy auditing and pinch analysis methods were used to identify possible energy housekeeping measures and heat exchanging opportunities. The biggest users of energy within the plants are the cure oven, drying oven and pre-treatment units. The energy use reduction by the housekeeping measures is 8 – 19% and by thermal heat recovery an additional 8 – 13%. These measures result in an average energy cost saving of 25% and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions of 30%. The results indicate that the powder coating industry has a total energy efficiency potential of at least 20%.
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