| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 5. |
- Thorarinsdottir, K. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Giant magnetic proximity effect in amorphous layered magnets
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - 2475-9953. ; 3:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we study the magnetic proximity effect in amorphous layered magnets of alternating high- and low-T-c materials using magnetometry and polarized neutron reflectivity. By altering the thickness of either the high-or low-T-c layer we are able to extract the induced magnetic moment in the low-T-c layer directly and study how it scales with thickness. We observe that the ordering temperature of the low-T-c layer is enhanced and above which a second magnetically ordered state with a very large extension is observed. This induced magnetic state survives to a temperature at least three times that of the ordering temperature of the low-T-c layer and the induced magnetization is approximately constant throughout at least a 10-nm-thick layer. The induced magnetic region within the low-T-c layer does not depend on the thickness of the adjacent high-T-c layer.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Thorarinsdottir, K. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Amorphous exchange-spring magnets with crossed perpendicular and in-plane anisotropies
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 103:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the magnetic coupling in a thin film bilayer exchange-spring magnet composed of an amorphous Tb10Co90 layer with a large perpendicular anisotropy and an amorphous Co-85(Al70Zr30)(15) layer with uniaxial inplane anisotropy. The CoAlZr is directly exchange coupled to the TbCo with an interface region of at least 7.5 nm within which the CoAlZr magnetization is perpendicular to the plane and switches with the underlying TbCo. The influence of the coupling extends up to 30 nm into the CoAlZr resulting in an effective tilted anisotropy. The coercivity of the CoAlZr is greatly enhanced due to the coupling and is tuneable over a large range by varying its thickness.
|
|
| 8. |
- Thorarinsdottir, K. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Finding order in disorder : Magnetic coupling distributions and competing anisotropies in an amorphous metal alloy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: APL Materials. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 2166-532X. ; 10:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amorphous metals have unusual magnetic properties that arise due to the disordered atomic arrangement. We show that Co-x(Al70Zr30)(100-x) (65 < x < 92 at.%) amorphous alloys have a distribution in the local magnetic coupling and ordering temperature, which can be explained by nanoscale composition variations. We use competing anisotropies induced by the substrate and an applied field during growth to probe the Co concentration distribution. Only regions with high enough Co concentration develop a magnetic anisotropy along the magnetic field during growth, whereas regions of low Co concentration have an anisotropy dictated by the substrate. A Gaussian distribution in the Co concentration of width 5.1 at.% is obtained from the variation in anisotropy. The results demonstrate the importance of composition variations for emergent magnetic properties and have far reaching implications for the properties of disordered materials in general.
|
|
