| 1. |
- Schultz, J. K., et al.
(författare)
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European Society of Coloproctology: guidelines for the management of diverticular disease of the colon
- 2020
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Ingår i: Colorectal Disease. - : Wiley. - 1462-8910 .- 1463-1318. ; 22:52, s. 5-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The goal of this European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) guideline project is to give an overview of the existing evidence on the management of diverticular disease, primarily as a guidance to surgeons. Methods The guideline was developed during several working phases including three voting rounds and one consensus meeting. The two project leads (JKS and EA) appointed by the ESCP guideline committee together with one member of the guideline committee (WB) agreed on the methodology, decided on six themes for working groups (WGs) and drafted a list of research questions. Senior WG members, mostly colorectal surgeons within the ESCP, were invited based on publication records and geographical aspects. Other specialties were included in the WGs where relevant. In addition, one trainee or PhD fellow was invited in each WG. All six WGs revised the research questions if necessary, did a literature search, created evidence tables where feasible, and drafted supporting text to each research question and statement. The text and statement proposals from each WG were arranged as one document by the first and last authors before online voting by all authors in two rounds. For the second voting ESCP national representatives were also invited. More than 90% agreement was considered a consensus. The final phrasing of the statements with < 90% agreement was discussed in a consensus meeting at the ESCP annual meeting in Vienna in September 2019. Thereafter, the first and the last author drafted the final text of the guideline and circulated it for final approval and for a third and final online voting of rephrased statements. Results This guideline contains 38 evidence based consensus statements on the management of diverticular disease. Conclusion This international, multidisciplinary guideline provides an up to date summary of the current knowledge of the management of diverticular disease as a guidance for clinicians and patients.
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| 2. |
- Chabok, Abbas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Changing Paradigms in the Management of Acute Uncomplicated Diverticulitis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 110:2, s. 180-186
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Left-sided colonic diverticulitis is a common condition with significant morbidity and health care costs in Western countries. Acute uncomplicated diverticulitis which is characterized by the absence of organ dysfunction, abscesses, fistula, or perforations accounts for around 80% of the cases. In the last decades, several traditional paradigms in the management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis have been replaced by evidence-based routines. This review provides a comprehensive evidence-based and clinical-oriented overview of up-to-date diagnostics with computer tomography, non-antibiotic treatment, outpatient treatment, and surgical strategies as well as follow-up of patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.
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| 3. |
- Isacson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Outpatient, non-antibiotic management in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis : a prospective study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 30:9, s. 1229-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate outpatient, non-antibiotic management in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis with regard to admissions, complications, and recurrences, within a 3-month follow-up period. A prospective, observational study in which patients with computer tomography-verified acute uncomplicated diverticulitis were managed as outpatients without antibiotics. The patients kept a personal journal, were contacted daily by a nurse, and then followed up by a surgeon at 1 week and 3 months. In total, 155 patients were included, of which 54 were men; the mean age of the patients was 57.4 years. At the time of diagnosis, the mean C-reactive protein and white blood cell count were 73 mg/l and 10.5 x 10(9), respectively, and normalized in the vast majority of patients within the first week. The majority of the patients (97.4 %) were managed successfully as outpatients without antibiotics, admissions, or complications. In only four (2.6 %) patients, the management failed because of complications in three and deterioration in one. These patients were all treated successfully as inpatients without surgery. Five patients had recurrences and were treated as outpatients without antibiotics. Follow-up colonic investigations revealed cancer in two patients and polyps in 13 patients. Previous results of low complication rates with the non-antibiotic policy were confirmed. The new policy of outpatient management without antibiotics in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is now shown to be feasible, well functioning, and safe.
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| 4. |
- Jestin Hannan, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Atelectasis formation and pleural effusion after esophagectomy : postoperative radiologic comparison of thoracoscopic versus open surgery
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Esophagectomy entails risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. In clinical practice, these might be reduced by minimal invasive esophagectomy (MIE). We tested the hypothesis that pulmonary findings on postoperative computed tomography (CT) differed between open esophagectomy and MIE. Secondarily, we present a suggestion for standardized CT-evaluation in these patients.Method: Postoperative (day 5) CT thorax from 40 patients (20 open and 20 MIE) who had undergone esophagectomy were reviewed. On an axial view, the areas of atelectasis and pleural effusion were measured at one and five centimetres above the right diaphragmatic dome and at the level of the carina. Additionally, the total distribution of atelectasis and pleural effusion was estimated on an ordinal scale (0-5), with ≥ 3 considered clinically important.Results: The groups were well-matched in terms of age, sex, and smoking status. There were no statistically significant differences in the areas of atelectasis or pleural effusion for open surgery compared with MIE. Neither did the groups differ in the proportion of patients subjective of clinically important atelectasis (dx: 30% vs. 25%, sin: 65% vs. 65%) or pleural effusion (dx: 15% vs. 15%, sin: 65% vs. 45%). More pleural effusion and atelectasis at the 1 cm level was present on the left side.Conclusion: Despite major differences in surgical access, there were no differences in postoperative atelectasis or pleural effusion between the two procedures. Less right-sided pleural effusion demonstrates the effect of surgical drains. The present measurements, performed at clear anatomical landmarks, can be of value in future studies.
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| 5. |
- Sigurdardottir, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Elective surgery should be considered after successful conservative treatment of recurrent diverticular abscesses
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 55:4, s. 454-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the disease pattern and treatment of diverticular abscesses. Methods: Patients treated for diverticulitis (K57) in Vastmanland, Sweden were identified for this retrospective population-based study between January 2010 and December 2014. Patients with diverticular abscesses were included. The clinical and radiological data were extracted, and the computed tomography scans were reevaluated. Results: Of the 75 patients (45 women) with a median age of 62 years (range: 23-88 years), abscesses were localized pericolic in 42 patients (59%) and in the pelvis in 33 patients (41%). The median abscess size was 4.8 cm (range: 1.1-11.0 cm). Six patients (8%) required urgent surgical intervention during the index admission. The median follow-up time was 58 months (range: 0-95 months). During follow-up, 40 patients (58%) had disease recurrence and 35 of these patients (88%) presented with complicated diverticulitis. The median time until re-admission was 2 months (range: 3 days-94 months). Patients with pelvic abscesses developed fistulas more frequently, 3 versus 11 patients (p = .003). Twenty-three percent of patients with pericolic abscesses required surgery compared with 40% of patients with pelvic abscesses (p = .09). No patients had a recurrence of abscesses after a colonic resection. Conclusion: The majority of patients with diverticular abscesses had recurrences with repeated admissions regardless of abscess location. An unexpectedly high proportion of patients required surgical intervention during the follow-up period. A liberal approach regarding elective surgery for patients with recurrent diverticulitis abscesses who tolerate surgery seems justified.
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| 6. |
- Thorisson, Arnar, 1979-
(författare)
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Acute Colonic Diverticulitis : The role of computed tomography in primary diagnosis, prediction of complications and surgical intervention
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to expand the current knowledge regarding the advantages and limitations of computed tomography (CT) for patients with acute diverticulitis and evaluate outpatient treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis.Paper I: A retrospective evaluation of 602 patients with reported uncomplicated diverticulitis. Scans were re-evaluated and the degree of inflammation was graded. Signs of complications or other diseases were also noted. No radiological findings on CT could predict the development of complications or recurrence in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis. However, 44 patients (7.3%) had signs of complicated diverticulitis that had been overlooked on the initial assessment. Despite small complications and a non-antibiotic treatment, the majority of patients recovered without incident, further strengthening the non-antibiotic treatment strategy.Paper II: A retrospective analysis of conservative treatment for perforated diverticulitis (n = 136) during a 5-year period. Twenty-nine of 136 patients were operated on within 24 h and not candidates for conservative management. Patients more than 75 years old, immunosuppressed patients, patients with free intraperitoneal air or free fluid in the abdominal cavity were at higher risk for emergency surgery within the first 24 h. Conservative treatment was successful in 101 of 107 patients (94%) when attempted. The presence of simultaneous abscess increased the risk for conservative treatment failure.Paper III: The aim of this prospective study was to determine if a non-enhanced low-dose CT was as sensitive as standard CT with intravenous (IV) contrast for patients with suspected acute diverticulitis. The included patients underwent both types of CT examinations. CT images were graded by three independent radiologists for the presence of diverticulitis, complications or other findings that could explain the patient’s symptoms. Sensitivity, specificity and both intra- and inter-reader agreement for low-dose CT were very high. Therefore, we recommend this examination for suspected diverticulitis.Paper IV: In this prospective study, 155 consecutive patients with CT-verified acute uncomplicated diverticulitis were treated as outpatients without antibiotics. Overall, only four patients (2.6%) returned to the hospital because of treatment failure, all of whom were hospitalized and received antibiotics. Outpatient treatment of uncomplicated diverticulitis is safe and recommended in selected patients.
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| 7. |
- Thorisson, Arnar, et al.
(författare)
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CT imaging for prediction of complications and recurrence in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 31:2, s. 451-457
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The first randomized clinical trial of antibiotics in uncomplicated diverticulitis (the AVOD study) showed no benefit of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to re-evaluate the computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients in the AVOD study to find out whether there were CT findings that were missed and to study whether CT signs in uncomplicated diverticulitis could predict complications or recurrence.METHODS: The CT scan images from patients included in the AVOD study were re-evaluated and graded by two independent reviewers for different signs of diverticulitis, including complications, such as extraluminal gas or the presence of an abscess.RESULTS: Of the 623 patients included in the study, 602 CT scans were obtained and re-evaluated. Forty-four (7 %) patients were found to have complications on the admitting CT scan that had been overlooked. Twenty-seven had extraluminal gas and 17 had an abscess. Four of these patients deteriorated and required surgery, but the remaining patients improved without complications. Of the 18 patients in the no-antibiotic group, in whom signs of complications on CT were overlooked, 15 recovered without antibiotics. No CT findings in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis could predict complications or recurrence.CONCLUSION: No CT findings that could predict complications or recurrence were found. A weakness in the initial assessment of the CT scans to detect extraluminal gas and abscess was found but, despite this, the majority of patients recovered without antibiotics. This further supports the non-antibiotic strategy in uncomplicated diverticulitis.
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| 8. |
- Thorisson, Arnar, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Acute Diverticulitis with Non-Enhanced Low-Dose CT
- 2020
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Ingår i: BJS Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2474-9842. ; 4:4, s. 659-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of non-enhanced low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in acute colonic diverticulitis with contrast-enhanced standard-dose CT (SDCT) as the reference method.Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients with clinically suspected diverticulitis were included from two hospitals between January and October 2017. All patients underwent LDCT followed by SDCT. All CT examinations were assessed for signs of diverticulitis, complications, and other diagnoses by three independent radiologists (two radiology consultants and one fourth-year resident) using SDCT as the reference method. Sensitivity, specificity, and agreement were calculated.Results: In total, 149 patients (median age 68, 107 women) were included; 107 had diverticulitis on standard CT. Sensitivity for diverticulitis using LDCT was 100%; the values were 99% for consulting radiologists and 92% for the radiology resident. Specificity was 100% for both consultants and 84% for the resident. Sensitivity for identification of complications was 74%, 60%, and 54%, respectively. Twenty-six patients had other causes of abdominal symptoms on standard CT, 23 (88%) of whom were diagnosed correctly on LDCT. One case of splenic infarction and two cases of segment colitis were missed on LDCT.Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of LDCT was high for acute diverticulitis. Therefore, it is recommended as a standard method that should help to reduce radiation dose and cost. LDCT had lower sensitivity for complications, although discrimination between an inflamed diverticulum and small pericolic abscess accounted for a proportion of the discrepancies.
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| 9. |
- Thorisson, Arnar, et al.
(författare)
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Non-operative management of perforated diverticulitis with extraluminal or free air - a retrospective single center cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 53:10-11, s. 1298-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe patient characteristics and results of non-operative management for patients presenting with computed tomography (CT) verified perforated diverticulitis with extraluminal or free air.Methods: All patients treated for diverticulitis (ICD-10: K-57) during 2010–2014 were identified and medical records were reviewed. Re-evaluations of CT examinations for all patients with complicated disease according to medical records were performed. All patients diagnosed with perforated diverticulitis and extraluminal or free air on re-evaluation were included and characteristics of patients having immediate surgery and those whom non-operative management was attempted are described.Results: Of 141 patients with perforated diverticulitis according to medical records, 136 were confirmed on CT re-evaluation. Emergency surgical intervention within 24 h of admission was performed in 29 (21%) patients. Non-operative management with iv antibiotics was attempted for 107 patients and was successful in 101 (94%). The 30-day mortality rate was 2%. The presence of a simultaneous abscess was higher for patients with failure of non-operative management compared with those that were successfully managed non-operatively (67% compared to 17%, p = .013). Eleven out of thirty-two patients (34%) with free air were successfully managed conservatively. Patients that were operated within 24 h from admission were more commonly on immunosuppressive therapy, had more commonly free intraperitoneal air and free fluid in the peritoneal cavity.Conclusions: Non-operative management is successful in the majority of patients with CT-verified perforated diverticulitis with extraluminal air, and also in one-third of those with free air in the peritoneal cavity.
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| 10. |
- Thorisson, Arnar, et al.
(författare)
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Non-operativemanagement of perforated diverticulitis with extraluminal or free air
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this study was to describe characteristics and results of non-operative management for patients presenting with computed tomography (CT) verified perforated diverticulitis. Methods All patients treated for diverticulitis (ICD-10: K-57) during 2010–2014 were identified and medical records were reviewed. Re-evaluations of CT examinations for all patients with complicated disease according to medical records were performed. All patients diagnosed with perforated diverticulitis on re-evaluation were included and characteristics of patients having immediate surgery and those whom non-operative management was attempted are described.Results Of 141 patients with perforated diverticulitis according to medical records, 136 were confirmed on CT re-evaluation. Emergency surgical intervention within 24 hours was performed in 29 (21%). Non-operative management with iv antibiotics was attempted for 107 patients and was successful in 101 (94%). The 30-day mortality rate was 2%. Non-operative management was more likely to fail in patients with a simultaneous abscess (67% compared to 16%, p = 0.013). More than one third of patients (34%) with free air were successfully managed conservatively. Patients that were operated within 24 hours from admission were more commonly on immunosuppressive therapy, had more commonly free intraperitoneal air and free fluid in the peritoneal cavity.Conclusions Non-operative management is successful in the majority of patients with CT-verified perforated diverticulitis with extraluminal air, and also in one-third of those with free air in the peritoneal cavity.
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