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- Axelsson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Betamethasone does not prevent nausea and vomiting induced by ipecacuanha
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 48:10, s. 1283-1286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Corticosteroids reduce the incidence of PONV but the mode of action is not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if betamethasone has serotonin (5-HT) antagonistic effects. Ipecacuanha is known to release serotonin and therefore it was used to induce nausea and vomiting. The 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron was used as a control substance. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study 10 healthy male and female volunteers (6 M/4F), mean age 19.5 (18-23) years, mean weight 69.7 (53-84) kg, were studied on three occasions separated by at least 1 week. They were randomly allocated to receive pretreatment with betamethasone 8 mg, ondansetron 8 mg, or normal saline 2 ml as placebo on each occasion, 15 min before oral ingestion of 30 ml of Ipecacuanha syrup. After ingestion of ipecacuanha, vomitings were recorded and the intensity of nausea was estimated with a visual analog scale during 2 h. Results: During the first 2 h after ingestion of ipecacuanha nine of the 10 volunteers vomited both after betamethasone and placebo. No volunteer vomited after ondansetron (P < 0.01 vs. betamethasone and placebo). The max VAS for nausea was significantly higher after betamethasone and placebo compared to ondansetron (P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences of the max VAS for nausea between betamethasone and placebo. Conclusion: This study in volunteers has shown that betamethasone does not prevent nausea and vomiting induced by oral intake of ipecacuanha syrup. As ipecacuanha releases 5-hydroxytryptamin, it can be concluded that betamethasone does not have 5-HT3 antagonistic effects.
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| 6. |
- Thorn, SE, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of dopamine on gastric tone
- 1996
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Ingår i: ANESTHESIOLOGY. - 0003-3022. ; 85:3A, s. A240-A240
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Walldén, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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The delay of gastric emptying induced by remifentanil is not influenced by posture
- 2004
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Ingår i: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - 0003-2999 .- 1526-7598. ; 99:2, s. 429-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Posture has an effect on gastric emptying. In this study, we investigated whether posture influences the delay in gastric emptying induced by opioid analgesics. Ten healthy male subjects underwent 4 gastric emptying studies with the acetaminophen method. On two occasions the subjects were given a continuous infusion of remifentanil (0.2 mug . kg(-1) . min(-1)) while lying either on the right lateral side in a 20degrees head-up position or on the left lateral side in a 20degrees head-down position. On two other occasions no infusion was given, and the subjects were studied lying in the two positions. When remifentanil was given, there were no significant differences between the two postures in maximal acetaminophen concentration (right side, 34 mumol . L-1, versus left side, 16 mumol . L-1), time taken to reach the maximal concentration (94 versus 109 min), or area under the serum acetaminophen concentration time curve from 0 to 60 min (962 versus 197 min . mumol - L-1). In the control situation, there were differences between the postures in maximal acetaminophen concentration (138 versus 94 mumol . L-1, P < 0.0001) and area under the serum acetaminophen concentration time curves from 0 to 60 min (5092 versus 3793 min . mumol . L-1, P < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference in time taken to reach the maximal concentration (25 versus 47 min). Compared with the control situation, remifentanil delayed gastric emptying in both postures. We conclude that remifentanil delays gastric emptying and that this delay is not influenced by posture.
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- Wattwil, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Perioperative gastric emptying is not a predictor of early postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0003-2999 .- 1526-7598. ; 95:2, s. 476-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is not known whether patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have delayed gastric emptying compared with patients without PONV. We compared the perioperative rate of gastric emptying in patients experiencing PONV with the rate in those without PONV immediately after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Gastric emptying was studied by the acetaminophen method. Acetaminophen is not absorbed from the stomach but is rapidly absorbed from the small intestine, and the rate of gastric emptying therefore determines the rate of absorption of acetaminophen administered into the stomach. Forty patients (ASA physical status I and II) were included in the study. After the induction of anesthesia, a gastric tube was positioned in the stomach and 1.5 g of acetaminophen dissolved in 200 mL of water was administered. Venous blood samples for the determination of serum acetaminophen concentrations were taken before and at 15-min intervals during a period of 180 min after the administration of acetaminophen. Twenty-six patients experienced nausea during the first 4 h postoperatively. The other 14 patients had no nausea. There were no statistically significant differences in the maximal acetaminophen concentration, the time taken to reach the maximal concentration, or the area under the serum acetaminophen concentration time curves from 0 to 60, 0-120, and 0-180 min between the groups of patients with or without PONV. We did not find any relationship between postoperative gastric emptying and PONV, and therefore gastric emptying is not a predictor of PONV.
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