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- Smith, ER, et al.
(författare)
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Adverse maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection: an individual participant data meta-analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a growing body of research on the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, there is continued controversy given heterogeneity in the quality and design of published studies.MethodsWe screened ongoing studies in our sequential, prospective meta-analysis. We pooled individual participant data to estimate the absolute and relative risk (RR) of adverse outcomes among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared with confirmed negative pregnancies. We evaluated the risk of bias using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsWe screened 137 studies and included 12 studies in 12 countries involving 13 136 pregnant women.Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection—as compared with uninfected pregnant women—were at significantly increased risk of maternal mortality (10 studies; n=1490; RR 7.68, 95% CI 1.70 to 34.61); admission to intensive care unit (8 studies; n=6660; RR 3.81, 95% CI 2.03 to 7.17); receiving mechanical ventilation (7 studies; n=4887; RR 15.23, 95% CI 4.32 to 53.71); receiving any critical care (7 studies; n=4735; RR 5.48, 95% CI 2.57 to 11.72); and being diagnosed with pneumonia (6 studies; n=4573; RR 23.46, 95% CI 3.03 to 181.39) and thromboembolic disease (8 studies; n=5146; RR 5.50, 95% CI 1.12 to 27.12).Neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to be admitted to a neonatal care unit after birth (7 studies; n=7637; RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.08); be born preterm (7 studies; n=6233; RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.29) or moderately preterm (7 studies; n=6071; RR 2.92, 95% CI 1.88 to 4.54); and to be born low birth weight (12 studies; n=11 930; RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.40). Infection was not linked to stillbirth. Studies were generally at low or moderate risk of bias.ConclusionsThis analysis indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection at any time during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal death, severe maternal morbidities and neonatal morbidity, but not stillbirth or intrauterine growth restriction. As more data become available, we will update these findings per the published protocol.
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- Thorson, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Intramolecular Halogen Bonding in Solution: N-15, C-13, and F-19 NMR Studies of Temperature and Solvent Effects
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-193X. ; :8, s. 1685-1695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model system for the investigation of intramolecular halogen bonds is introduced. Two molecules capable of intramolecular halogen bonding have been studied in comparison with eight control compounds by N-15, C-13, and F-19 NMR spectroscopy. Iodine- and bromine-centered halogen bonds are indicated by decreases in the N-15 NMR chemical shifts of the halogen bond acceptor atom of approximately 6 and 1 ppm, respectively. C-13 NMR chemical shifts of the alkynyl carbons in 2-ethynylpyridine systems are good indicators of halogen bonding, with differences of up to 2.4 ppm between halogen-bonded and related control compounds. Halogen bond strengths in different solvents, as indicated by F-19 NMR chemical shifts, decrease in the following order: Cyclohexane > toluene > benzene > dichloromethane > acetone > pyridine. Chemical shift effects associated with the structural and electronic properties of intramolecular halogen-bonded systems are modeled well by calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level of theory.
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