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- Adattil, Ruksana, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Psychosocial Impacts of Industry 4.0 Technologies Adoption in the Operator 4.0 : Literature Review & Theoretical Framework
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. - : University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences. - 2217-2661 .- 2683-345X. ; 15:1, s. 59-80
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging digital and smart technologies, including wearable and collaborative ones, related to the Industry 4.0 paradigm are playing an assisting, collaborative, and augmenting role for the Operator 4.0, and just as in previous industrial revolutions, the nature of work and the workplace for operators on the shop floor is changing. This literature review aims to look into the impact of digital and smart technologies adoption on the workers’ psychosocial stage under the light of the Operator 4.0 typology. Based on the review conducted, a theoretical framework for assessing the psychosocial impacts (risks) of Industry 4.0 technologies adoption in Operator 4.0 is proposed. The framework can be utilized by company managers, researchers, production engineers, and human resources personnel for carrying out a psychosocial risk assessment of Operator 4.0 in assembly, maintenance, and training operations as these operations get digitally transformed and smartified based on self-report questionnaires. Findings reveal that the nature of work, the social and organizational environment of work, and related individual factors are key categories that might affect the Operator 4.0 psychosocial stage on the shop floor.
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| 4. |
- Aggerstam, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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GaN/AlN multiple quantum well structures grown by MBE on GaN templates for 1.55 mu m intersubband absorption
- 2007
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Ingår i: Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices IV. - : SPIE. - 9780819465924 ; 6479, s. 64791E-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have used MBE to grow MQW structures on MOVPE GaN/sapphire templates. The MQW devices are intended for high speed intersubband electroabsorption modulator devices operating at 1.55-mu m. The GaN/AlN multiple quantum well material was systematically studied regarding the surface morphology, structural characterization and optical property by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The intersubband resonance energy was also calculated considering many-body effects in n-type doped structures. The multiple quantum well structure showed superior performance in terms of linewidth when grown on GaN templates as compared on sapphire. GaN quantum well and AlN barriers with a thickness of 3.3 and 4.2 nm respectively resulted in FWHM of the intersubband absorption peak as low as 93 meV at an absorption energy of 700 meV. This is promising for intersubband modulator applications.
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| 5. |
- Andreasson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed Cognition in Manufacturing : Collaborative Assembly Work
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXX. - : IOS Press. - 9781614996675 - 9781614996682 ; , s. 243-248
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive science is becoming increasingly central within humanfactors and ergonomics (HF&E) and there has long been a call for a more systemicperspective in the area with a somewhat broader unit of analysis. This paperpresents a case study applying the theoretical framework of distributed cognition(DCog), which shows how DCog would offer a more complete understanding ofmanufacturing within its greater context, including the social, cultural, andmaterial surroundings. This paper aims to characterize and analyse dock assemblyof forest machines as a complex socio-technical system from a DCog perspective;focusing on the creation of enacted landscapes in this particular setting. The paperalso exemplifies benefits of using the DCog framework in the manufacturingdomain as a way of grasping the assembly workers’ tacit competence and skills.
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| 6. |
- Andreasson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Interruptions in the wild : portraying the handling of interruptions in manufacturing from a distributed cognition lens
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cognition, Technology & Work. - : Springer. - 1435-5558 .- 1435-5566. ; 19:1, s. 85-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a study examining interruptionsin the wild by portraying the handling of interruptionsin manufacturing from a distributed cognitionlens. By studying how interruptions occur and are handledin the daily activities of a work team at a large foundry forcasting heavy diesel engines, we highlight situations whenthe propagation, transformation, and representation ofinformation are not supported by prescribed work processesand propose recommendations for how this can beamended. The study was conducted by several visits to theaforementioned factory with cognitive ethnography as thebasis for the data collection. The focus was on identifyinginterruptions and analysing these through a distributedcognition framework as an initial step towards studyinginterruptions in a manufacturing environment. The keyfindings include the identification of three, previouslyundefined, types of interruptions and the conclusion thatinterruptions do indeed affect the distributed workload ofthe socio-technical system and thus the overall productionperformance at the casting line.
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| 7. |
- Andreasson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Tool use and collaborative work of dock assembly in practice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Production & Manufacturing Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2169-3277. ; 5:1, s. 164-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to deepen the understanding of the intrinsic interactions andinterplay between humans, tools, and environment from a systemsperspective, research in the wild (RITW) approaches have gainedtraction during recent decades as they provide a higher ecologicalvalidity of findings. This paper presents a RITW study, investigatinghow assembly, in this case dock assembly of forwarders, was donein practice. As our theoretical foundation, we used the framework ofdistributed cognition, which is one of the main pillars of RITW. Thefindings are presented in narrative form, describing and highlightingthat the workers achieve an efficient production outcome by beingintegral parts of the whole production process and doing so throughcoordination of activities benefitting the shared goal of the distributedsocio-technical system.
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| 8. |
- Andreasson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an increased degree of usability work in organizations
- 2015
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Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. - 9781495160424 ; 3, s. 5739-5746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely recognized that there is a substantial gap between usability research and practice where UCD approaches are rarelyapplied in practice due to arguments regarding the intricate nature of its methods and techniques. This paper presents an actionresearch study designed to investigate and analyze the potentials for an increased degree of UCD activities in the earlydevelopment phases of advanced information systems technology. The results demonstrate that there is a large interest inusability but that organizational priority and competence is often lacking. Instead one relies heavily on questionable conceptssuch as „trained professionals‟ to excuse the low effort towards usability. Based on the results, six recommendations forimproved usability work in R&D organizations are presented, focusing on the importance of prioritization of, and education inusability work.
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| 9. |
- Brolin, Anna
(författare)
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An investigation of cognitive aspects affecting human performance in manual assembly
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modern manufacturing systems seem to be shifting from mass production to mass customisation, which means that systems must be able to manage changes in customer demands and requirements, new technology as well as environmental demands. This in turn leads to an increase in product variants that need to be assembled. To handle this issue, well designed and presented information is vital for assembly workers to perform effective and accurate assembly tasks. In this thesis the main focus has been to find factors that affect human performance in manual assembly. A literature review was made on the subject of manufacturing and usability as well as basic cognitive abilities used to utilise information, such as memory. This investigation identified applicable factors for assessing human cognitive performance within the research field of manufacturing. The thesis further investigates how some of these factors are handled in manual assembly, using case studies as well as observational studies. The results show that how material and information are presented to the assembler needs to be considered in order to have a positive effect on the assembly operation. In addition, a full factorial experimental study was conducted to investigate different ways of presenting material and information at the workstation while using mixed assembly mode with product variants. The material presentation factor involved the use of a material rack compared to using an unstructured kit as well as a structured kit and the information presentation factor involved using a text and number instruction compared to a photograph instruction. The results showed that using a kit is favourable compared to the traditional material rack, especially when using a structured kit combined with photographic instruction. Furthermore, the use of unstructured kits can lead to better productivity and reduced perceived workload, compared to a material rack. Although they are perhaps not as good as using a structured kit, they most likely bring a lower cost, such as man-hour consumption and space requirements. However, the number of components in an unstructured kit needs to be considered in order to keep it on a manageable level. As a conclusion, several scenarios were developed in order to understand how different assembly settings can be used in order to improve human performance at the assembly workstation.
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| 10. |
- Brolin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Aspects Affecting Human Performance in Manual Assembly
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXX. - : IOS Press. - 9781614996675 - 9781614996682 ; , s. 231-236
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper concerns the handling of information in assembly work environments. Several studies involving both literature reviews, case studies andobservations were conducted to find factors that affect human performance in manual assembly. The main experiment with 36 subjects used a mixed method design with a quantitative study, including time and errors as dependant measures,a qualitative study, including workload ratings, and a questionnaire. The experiment involved the assembly of a pedal car and the components werepresented using structured kits, unstructured kits and material racks. Assembly information was presented as text & component numbers or photographs, and situations with and without component variation were considered. Among theresults it was found that assembly times and workload ratings were lower when using a kit, whereas using a material rack resulted in perceived decreased workflow and increased stress and frustration. Assembly times and workload ratings were lower when using photographs, whereas using text and numbers increased mental workload.
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