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| 2. |
- Balkmar, Dag, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Levelling the field : A Guide to an Inclusive Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Levelling the field: A guide to an inclusive entrepreneurship ecosystem. (Tool 1) A practical guidebook on how to promote inclusive entrepreneurship (part of a three-part tool-kit developed) Intended target audience: equality strategists, other actors with the ambition, mandate and responsibility to promote inclusion in their organisation or towards ecosystem actors. It includes basic facts, findings, challenges’ and suggestion for strategies and approaches, hands-on sections are followed by short summaries and key points.
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| 3. |
- Balkmar, Dag, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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My Better Entrepreneneurial Ecosystem : A Workshop on How to Promote an Inclusive Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- My Better Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: A Workshop on How to Promote an Inclusive Entrepreneurship Ecosystem (Tool 3). A workshop instruction (part of a three-part tool-kit developed). The main aim of the workshop is threefold; to spur collaboration and exchange among ecosystem actors; to enhance knowledge and learning, and finally; to co-create solutions to inspire change in individual actors as well as joint efforts to promote an inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem. Target audience: main facilitator and organizer of workshop.
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| 4. |
- Balkmar, Dag, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The Gendered Nature of Tech Entrepreneurship : Understanding the Gender-Divide in Tech Entrepreneurship
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Gendered Nature of Tech Entrepreneurship: Understanding the Gender-Divide in Tech Entrepreneurship. (Tool 2) This publication provides insights - some basic facts and findings - on the complex ways that tech entrepreneurship is gendered (part of a three-part tool-kit developed) Target audience: equality strategists, other actors with the ambition, mandate and responsibility to promote inclusion in their organisation or towards ecosystem actors.
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| 5. |
- Bonnier, Gaga, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusive India - Re:Pune
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The historie core of Pune is seriously neglected, despite its rich cultural-historical values and evidence of the city's past for future generations. These assets are not taken inta consideration in development plans for the city. Besides the national monument of Shaniwar Wada, INTACH has identified around 200 more buildings on its heritage list. These vary from temples, to private residences and public buildings to bridges. Apart from this, INTACH also has identified heritage precincts -areas with a particular distinct character -either architectural or due to the nature of the activities which take place there. Of this list, more than a hundred buildings have found a place on the heritage list adopted by the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC).
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| 6. |
- Bröms, Tina
(författare)
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Rektorns beslutsfattande om skolans organisation : Navigering utifrån beslutslogiker i oländig terräng
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over the past several years, there has been a greater demand for accountability of principal´s for the education they provide. Through the Education Act (SFS 2010:800), the Swedish parliament has increased the regulation and clarification of the principal´s responsibility in several areas, for example the responsibility to decide on the school’s internal organization. This thesis takes an interest for the principal´s decision-making, more accurately the aim is to develop knowledge about the principal´s decision-making through logics of decisions (Brunsson & Brunsson, 2017). The concept of logics of decisions is central in this study and are used as an analytical framework to understand and explain how the principal make decision about the internal school organization. Through a reflexive research process (Alvesson & Sköldberg, 2017) the aim is explored thorough three methods: a survey, observations and interviews (Creswell). The results demonstrate thorough logics of decisions that even if principal´s experience mandate, legitimacy and authority, they have a limited room for action options in their decision-making. In the discussion, I argue from a decision-theory perspective that the state, the school board, the staff and the local community essentially control the principal preferences. The legal regulations make the logic of appropriateness with its focus on laws and regulations visible in decision-making. Since the legal regulations are governed by a rationality where there is a best way for the principal to make decision, the logic of imitation will also appear in the decision-making. I also argue that the logic experimentation which is rather invisible in the principal decision-making possibly create at different way for decision-making from those that dominate today. The logic of experimental can become a means of critical examination in the principal own decision-making and practice. Overall, the thesis theoretical contribution is to use a decision-theoretic perspective through the conceptualization of logics of decisions to provide new dimensions of the principal´s decision-making in a context where it has not been used before, the school context.
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| 7. |
- Cajander, Sara, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of monocytic HLA-DR expression differs between bacterial etiologies during the course of bloodstream infection
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In the pathogenesis of sepsis, activation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses are key components, but knowledge is lacking on the association between bacterial etiology and development of dysregulated responses with sustained immunosuppression. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the immunosupression marker HLA-DR on monocytes (mHLA-DR) is associated with bacterial etiology and markers of inflammation during the clinical trajectory of bloodstream infection (BSI).METHODS: Ninety-one adults, predominantly non-ICU patients, with BSI caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 27), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 22), Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 23), and other species (n = 19) were prospectively included, and sampled on admission (day 0) and on days 1-2, 3, 7±1, 14±2, and 28±4.RESULTS: The dynamics of mHLA-DR, measured by flow cytometry, differed significantly between etiology groups (p<0.001). Patients with S. pneumoniae and S. aureus BSI demonstrated low initial mHLA-DR, with the S. aureus group showing delayed recovery over time. Eleven patients (55% S. aureus) had negative outcome (secondary bacteremia or death) and they demonstrated sustained C-reactive protein elevation, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, and loss of mHLA-DR.CONCLUSIONS: Dynamics of mHLA-DR varied according to the bacterial etiology of infection, with delayed recovery in patients with S. aureus BSI. Patients with negative outcome showed sustained CRP elevation, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, and low levels of mHLA-DR, supporting the theory of a dysregulated host response with persistent inflammation and immunosuppression in late stages of deleterious sepsis.
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| 9. |
- Cajander, Sara, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary results in quantitation of HLA-DRA by real-time PCR : a promising approach to identify immunosuppression in sepsis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 17:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Reduced monocyte human leukocyte antigen (mHLA)-DR surface expression in the late phase of sepsis is postulated as a general biomarker of sepsis-induced immunosuppression and an independent predictor of nosocomial infections. However, traditional monitoring of mHLA-DR by flow cytometry has disadvantages due to specific laboratory requirements. An mRNA-based HLA-DR monitoring by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) would improve the clinical usage and facilitate conduction of large multicenter studies. In this study, we evaluated an mRNA-based HLA-DR monitoring by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) as an alternative method to traditional flow cytometry.Methods: Fifty-nine patients with sepsis and blood culture growing pathogenic bacteria were studied. Blood samples were collected at day 1 or 2 after admission, for measurement of mHLA-DR by flow cytometry and mRNA expression of HLA-DRA and class II transactivator (CIITA) by qRT-PCR. Blood samples from blood donors were used as controls (n = 30).Results: A significant reduced expression of mHLA-DR, HLA-DRA, and CIITA was seen in septic patients compared with controls. HLA-DRA mRNA level in whole blood was highly correlated with surface expression of mHLA-DR.Conclusions: Patients with sepsis display a diminished expression of HLA-DR at the monocyte surface as well as in the gene expression at the mRNA level. The mRNA expression level of HLA-DRA monitored by qRT-PCR correlates highly with surface expression of HLA-DR and appears to be a possible future biomarker for evaluation of immunosuppression in sepsis.
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| 10. |
- Cajander, Sara, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Measurement of HLA-DRA Gene Expression in Whole Blood Is Highly Reproducible and Shows Changes That Reflect Dynamic Shifts in Monocyte Surface HLA-DR Expression during the Course of Sepsis
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco, USA : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: A decrease in the expression of monocyte surface protein HLA-DR (mHLA-DR), measured by flow cytometry (FCM), has been suggested as a marker of immunosuppression and negative outcome in severe sepsis. However, FCM is not always available due to sample preparation that limits its use to laboratory operational hours. In this prospective study we evaluated dynamic changes in mHLA-DR expression during sepsis in relation to changes in HLA-DRA gene expression and Class II transactivator (CIITA), measured by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).Aims: The aims of this study were: 1. to validate the robustness of qRT-PCR measurement of HLA-DRA- and CIITA-mRNA expression, in terms of reproducibility; and 2. to see if changes in expression of these genes reflect changes in mHLA-DR expression during the course of severe and non-severe bacteraemic sepsis.Methods and Findings: Blood samples were collected from 60 patients with bacteraemic sepsis on up to five occasions during Days 1-28 after hospital admission. We found the reproducibility of the qRT-PCR method to be high by demonstrating low threshold variations (<0.11 standard deviation (SD)) of the qRT-PCR system, low intra-assay variation of Ct-values within triplicates (≤0.15 SD) and low inter-assay variations (12%) of the calculated target gene ratios. Our results also revealed dynamic HLA-DRA expression patterns during the course of sepsis that reflected those of mHLA-DR measured by FCM. Furthermore, HLA-DRA and mHLA-DR recovery slopes in patients with non-severe sepsis differed from those in patients with severe sepsis, shown by mixed model for repeated measurements (p<0.05). However, during the first seven days of sepsis, PCR-measurements showed a higher magnitude of difference between the two sepsis groups. Mean differences (95% CI) between severe sepsis (n = 20) and non-severe sepsis (n = 40) were; on day 1-2, HLA-DRA 0.40 (0.28-0.59) p<0.001, CIITA 0.48 (0.32-0.72) p = 0.005, mHLA-DR 0.63 (0.45-1.00) p = 0.04, day 7 HLA-DRA 0.59 (0.46-0.77) p<0.001, CIITA 0.56 (0.41-0.76) p<0.001, mHLA-DR 0.81 (0.66-1.00) p = 0.28.Conclusion: We conclude that qRT-PCR measurement of HLA-DRA expression is robust, and that this method appears to be preferable to FCM in identifying patients with severe sepsis that may benefit from immunostimulation.
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