| 1. |
- Cetrez, Önver, Associate Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Public Mental Health Study Among Iraqi Refugees in Sweden : Social Determinants, Resilience, Gender, and Cultural Context
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-7775. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This public mental health study highlights the interactions among social determinants and resilience on mental health, PTSD and acculturation among Iraqi refugees in Sweden 2012-2013.Objectives: The study aims to understand participants' health, resilience and acculturation, paying specific attention to gender differences.Design: The study, using a convenience sampling survey design (N = 4010, 53.2% men), included measures on social determinants, general health, coping, CD-RISC, selected questions from the EMIC, PC-PTSD, and acculturation.Results: Gender differences and reported differences between life experiences in Iraq and Sweden were strong. In Sweden, religious activity was more widespread among women, whereas activity reflecting religion and spirituality as a coping mechanism decreased significantly among men. A sense of belonging both to a Swedish and an Iraqi ethnic identity was frequent. Positive self-evaluation in personal and social areas and goals in life was strong. The strongest perceived source of social support was from parents and siblings, while support from authorities generally was perceived as low. Self-rated health was high and the incidence of PTSD was low. A clear majority identified multiple social determinants contributing to mental health problems. Social or situational and emotional or developmental explanations were the most common. In general, resilience (as measured with CD-RISC) was low, with women's scores lower than that of men.Conclusions: Vulnerability manifested itself in unemployment after a long period in Sweden, weak social networks outside the family, unsupportive authorities, gender differences in acculturation, and women showing more mental health problems. Though low socially determined personal scores of resilience were found, we also identified a strong level of resilience, when using a culture-sensitive approach and appraising resilience as expressed in coping, meaning, and goals in life. Clinicians need to be aware of the risks of poorer mental health among refugees in general and women in particular, although mental health problems should not be presumed in the individual patient. Instead clinicians need to find ways of exploring the cultural and social worlds and needs of refugee patients. Authorities need to address the described post-migration problems and unmet needs of social support, together comprising the well-established area of the social determinants of health.
|
|
| 2. |
- Omerov, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Encountering the Body at the Site of the Suicide : A Population-Based Survey in Sweden.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 47:1, s. 38-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Encountering the body of a child who died by suicide at the site of death is believed to be especially harmful for bereaved parents. We investigated the association between encountering the body at the site of the suicide and psychological distress in 666 suicide-bereaved parents. Parents who had encountered their child's body at the site of the suicide (n = 147) did not have a higher risk of nightmares (relative risk [RR] 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.35), intrusive memories (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.84-1.13), avoidance of thoughts (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.74-1.27), avoidance of places or things (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.66-1.25), anxiety (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.64-1.33), or depression (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.63-1.42) compared with parents who had not encountered the body (n = 512). Our results suggest that losing a child by suicide is sufficiently disastrous by itself to elicit posttraumatic responses or psychiatric morbidity whether or not the parent has encountered the deceased child at the site of death.
|
|
| 3. |
- Omerov, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Population-Based Surveys That Include Suicide-Bereaved Family Members : Ethical and Methodological Considerations
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sage Research Methods. - London : Sage Publications. - 9781526455918
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parents who have lost a son or daughter to suicide are at risk of developing psychological ill-health that may become long-lasting and even life-threatening. Despite this risk, the aftermath of a suicidal loss is yet to be carefully studied. Reasons for the lack of such studies may be that the dangers of approaching surviving relatives are exaggerated and trauma-related inquiries avoided. Another obstacle may be methodological difficulties. An overriding goal of the studies considered here was to provide knowledge that may be used to improve the professional care of suicide-bereaved parents. We describe how we planned and implemented a population-based survey with a continuous focus on ethical and methodological considerations throughout the research process.
|
|
| 4. |
- Pettersen, Rossana, et al.
(författare)
-
Lack of Trust in the Health-Care System After Losing a Child to Suicide.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Crisis. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0227-5910 .- 2151-2396. ; 36:3, s. 161-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lack of trust in the health-care system after losing a child to suicide may prevent bereaved parents from seeking professional treatment when needed, thus diminishing their chances of recovery.
|
|
| 5. |
- Pettersen, Rossana, et al.
(författare)
-
Suicide-bereaved siblings' perception of health services.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Death studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0748-1187 .- 1091-7683. ; 39:6, s. 323-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors investigated suicide-bereaved siblings' reported reasons for seeking or not seeking professional support, their reported satisfaction when receiving it, and their recommendations to health services when meeting suicide-bereaved siblings. Using qualitative content analysis of 18 interviews with suicide-bereaved siblings, the authors found that the perception of health services as being helpful was influenced by both the participants' and by the deceased siblings' experiences with health services. They conclude that the bereaved sibling's and the deceased sibling's unmet needs may generate negative attitudes toward health services, which reduces the likelihood of seeking professional help as well as medication acceptance in some cases.
|
|
| 6. |
- Sundvall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Safe but isolated : an interview study with Iraqi refugees in Sweden about social networks, social support, and mental health
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854. ; 67:4, s. 351-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Problems with social networks and social support are known to be associated with mental ill-health in refugees. Social support after migration promotes resilience.Aim:To study how Iraqi refugees who arrived in Sweden after the year 2000 perceived their social networks and social support, and to relate the observed network characteristics and changes to the refugees’ mental health and well-being.Method:Semi-structured interviews with 31 refugees, including questions on background and migration experiences, a biographical network map, and three health assessment scales. The findings were analysed with descriptive statistics and content thematic analysis.Results:The respondents’ networks were diminished. Social support was continued to be provided mainly by family members and supplemented by support from authorities. The main themes of the refugee experience of post-migration challenges were weakened social networks, barriers to integration and challenges to cultural and religious belonging. Failed reunion and worrying about relatives was described as particularly painful. Negative contacts with authority persons were often seen as humiliating or discriminating. Acquiring a new cultural belonging was described as challenging. At the same time, changing family and gender roles made it more difficult to preserve and develop the culture of origin. Traumatic experiences and mental health problems were common in this group. Family issues were more often than integration difficulties associated with mental health problems.Conclusion:In order to strengthen post-migration well-being and adaptation, authorities should support the refugees’ social networks. Clinicians need to address post-migration problems and challenges, including the meaning and function of social networks.
|
|
| 7. |
- Titelman, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Depression, anxiety, and psychological defense in attempted suicide: A pilot study using PORT
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Archives of Suicide Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1543-6136 .- 1381-1118. ; 8:3, s. 239-249
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Depressive affect, anxiety, and psychological defenses were studied in the presented research with PORT, a projective test that exploits subliminal perception of object-relation images. Protocols of 20 hospitalized suicide attempters were compared to those of 20 matched controls, 34 previously studied non-suicidal depressed patients, 18 patients with panic attac, and 32 patients with borderline and psychotic disorders. The suicide attempters were anxious; their defenses resembled those seen in borderline pathology; depressive reactions were limited in symbolic content; reality testing was poor. The closeness between depression and anxiety in suicidality is further discussed throughout this article. A con¬stella¬tion of signs using the PORT was hypothesized to be a marker for suicidality. The test is deemed useful for future research on suicide.
|
|
| 8. |
- Titelman, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Suicide-nearness assessed with PORT, the Percept-genetic Object-Relation Test: A replication and a reliability study
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic. - 0025-9284. ; 75:4, s. 295-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the reliability and validity of a previously identified "suicide cluster" in the Percept-genetic Object-Relation Test (PORT), which test documents subliminal perception of object-relation pictures, 20 suicide attempters and 70 controls were investigated. The correspondence between scores assigned by two judges was 95%-100%. The suicide-cluster signs in PORT, notably "lack of attachment relationships" and "Motor activity," were significant. Differences between the results of this and the previous study are discussed as is the role of psychiatric disorder in suicide. (Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 75[4], 295-314)
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
