| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Harms-Ringdahl, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Pain assessment with different intensity scales in response to loading of joint structures.
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Pain. - 0304-3959. ; 27:3, s. 401-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to compare intensity levels assessed on Borg's Category Scale for Ratings of Perceived Pain (BRPP) (1982) (a verbal scale using adjectives and adverbs combined with the numbers 0-10), with assessments on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (a 10 cm horizontal line). Eight healthy subjects volunteered in an experimental study, where pain was provoked by load on passive soft tissue elbow joint structures. Each subject participated 4 times on different occasions in the same experimental set-up, which was divided into six 2 min periods; 3 periods with load induced by applied external weights causing load moments of 3.4 Nm, 4.5 Nm and 6.8 Nm plus that induced by the weight of the lower arm and hand (average 2.9 Nm), followed by 3 periods without external weights. Each series consisted of 12 assessments given during the last 10 sec period of each minute on either the BRPP or the VAS. No significant difference was found between the first and second time a scale was used by the same subject, and none between the assessments on the VAS and the BRPP. Intensity levels of pain increased with load and time and decreased after reduction of the load moments. It is concluded that both scales can be used to reliably assess intensity levels of perceived pain elicited by loading joint structures. Intensity levels, as assessed on both scales, are associated with applied external load and time for exposure.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Persson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
Healthcare costs of dementia diseases before, during and after diagnosis : Longitudinal analysis of 17 years of Swedish register data
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5279 .- 1552-5260. ; 18:12, s. 2560-2569
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This study examines health-care costs attributed to dementia diseases in the 10 years prior to, during, and 6 years after diagnosis. Methods: Using administrative register data for people diagnosed with dementia (2010–2016) in southern Sweden (n = 21,184), and a comparison group without dementia, health-care costs over 17 years were examined using longitudinal regression analysis. Results: Average annual health-care costs per person were consistently higher before diagnosis in the dementia group (10 years before: Swedish krona (SEK) 2063, P <.005 and 1 year before: SEK8166, P <.005). At diagnosis, health-care costs were more than twice as high (SEK44,410, P <.005). Four to 6 years after diagnosis, there was no significant different in costs compared to comparators. Discussion: Excess health-care cost arise as early as 10 years before a formal diagnosis of dementia, and while there is a spike in cost after diagnosis, health-care costs are no different 4 years after. These findings question currently accepted assumptions on costs of dementia.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Toresson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
-
Dynamic distribution of endoplasmic reticulum in hippocampal neuron dendritic spines
- 2005
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 1460-9568 .- 0953-816X. ; 22:7, s. 1793-1798
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized in dendritic spines has become a subject of intense interest because of its potential functions in local protein synthesis and signal transduction. Although it is recognized from electron microscopic studies that not all spines contain ER, little is know of its dynamic regulation or turnover. Here, we report a surprising degree of turnover of ER within spines. Using confocal microscopy imaging we observed continuity of spine-ER with dendritic ER in hippocampal primary neurons. Over 24 h, less than 50% of spine ER was stable. Despite this high degree of turn over, we identified a significant subset of spines that maintained ER for at least 4 days. These results indicate that within a single neuron, the organelle composition of a spine is unexpectedly dynamic and may explain aspects of the spine-to-spine variation in calcium spike magnitude and localized protein synthesis and trafficking.
|
|
| 9. |
- Wärnmark, Ioana, et al.
(författare)
-
Selection of DNA aptamers against rat liver X receptors
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 332:2, s. 512-517
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liver X receptors alpha and beta (LXRα; LXRβ) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. LXRs play an important role in the reverse cholesterol transport and govern the expression of many of the proteins that are indispensable for the regulation of normal cholesterol levels in the body. SELEX, an in vitro selection technology, was used on a single stranded DNA library harboring a 12 randomized nucleotide sequence in order to isolate aptamers showing affinity for LXRα. Enzyme-linked assays and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that the selected aptamers had strong affinities for LXRa with apparent dissociation constants, K(d)s, in nanomolar range. All clones carried CG-repeats, indicating a probability for a similar manner of binding to LXRα. Very high cross-reactivities were observed when testing the aptamers with LXRβ (up to 700%) and RXRα (up to 50%). If instead we regard the aptamer sequences as selected against LXRβ, the cross-reactivities decrease considerably, to 17% for LXRα and 7% for RXRα. Therefore, in the future we are planning to use the obtained aptamers as binders for LXRβ. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
