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- Edenbrandt, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Area of ischemia assessed by physicians and software packages from myocardial perfusion scintigrams
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Imaging. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2342. ; 14:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The European Society of Cardiology recommends that patients with greater than 10% area of ischemia should receive revascularization. We investigated inter-observer variability for the extent of ischemic defects reported by different physicians and by different software tools, and if inter-observer variability was reduced when the physicians were provided with a computerized suggestion of the defects. Methods: Twenty-five myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) patients who were regarded as ischemic according to the final report were included. Eleven physicians in nuclear medicine delineated the extent of the ischemic defects. After at least two weeks, they delineated the defects again, and were this time provided a suggestion of the defect delineation by EXINI Heart(TM) (EXINI). Summed difference scores and ischemic extent values were obtained from four software programs. Results: The median extent values obtained from the 11 physicians varied between 8% and 34%, and between 9% and 16% for the software programs. For all 25 patients, mean extent obtained from EXINI was 17.0% (+/- standard deviation (SD) 14.6%). Mean extent for physicians was 22.6% (+/- 15.6%) for the first delineation and 19.1% (+/- 14.9%) for the evaluation where they were provided computerized suggestion. Intra-class correlation (ICC) increased from 0.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.72) to 0.81 (95% CI 0.71-0.90) between the first and the second delineation, and SD between physicians were 7.8 (first) and 5.9 (second delineation). Conclusions: There was large variability in the estimated ischemic defect size obtained both from different physicians and from different software packages. When the physicians were provided with a suggested delineation, the inter-observer variability decreased significantly.
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- Gavelin, Karin, 1979-
(författare)
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The Terms of Involvement : A study of attempts to reform civil society's role in public decision making in Sweden
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For the better part of a century, a distinguishing feature of the Swedish democratic model has been the close relationship between organised interests and public decision makers. Yet the first decade of the twenty-first century saw a number of attempts to reform Swedish civil society’s role in decision making, purportedly to make involvement activities more inclusive, reciprocal, flexible and consequential. The aim of this thesis is to describe and understand the motivations behind and the meaning of these reform attempts. Using an interpretive research design, and drawing on constructivist institutionalist perspectives on organisational change, the study asks questions about what has driven the attempted reform, how affected actors have interpreted its meaning and consequences, and how its framing and outcomes have been affected by the fact that it was devised and implemented both in traditional organisations and in networks consisting of local and national actors from civil society and the public sector. The thesis constitutes a contribution to the constructivist institutionalist literature concerned with the micro-foundations of organisational behaviour and to the governance research literature, to which it contributes empirical insights about how governance reforms have been interpreted and rationalised in Sweden.
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- Henningsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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CFD simulation and ERT visualization of the displacement of yoghurt by water on industrial scale
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-8774 .- 1873-5770. ; 80:1, s. 166-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rinsing step, in which yoghurt is displaced by water, was monitored in a dairy plant using electrical resistance tomography (ERT), with a new hygienic design of the ERT sensors. The same displacement situation was simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and showed good agreement with the ERT measurements. CFD was also used to study how different properties, such as flow velocity, wall slip and the rheological properties of the yoghurt, could change the effectiveness of rinsing. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- Lindgård, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Europe
- 2017
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Ingår i: Alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete. - : Taylor & Francis. - 9781315708959 - 9781138027565 ; , s. 277-320, s. 185-211
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Lipnizki, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Nanofiltration at elevated temperatures - An analysis of performance and economics
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nanofiltration is nowadays established in many industries for the separation and purification of aqueous solutions. The maximum operating temperature of commercial nanofiltration membrane is often given with 50 – 60 ºC based on the three-layer structure of membranes consisting of a polyester or polypropylene support paper with a polysulphone support layer and an active layer of polyamide. Operating nanofiltration at high process temperature close the limits of the membrane can have a significant impact on the performance of the membranes. This change in performance with increasing temperature divided into: (1) changes of active layer of the membrane and (2) changes related to the feed solution such decrease in viscosity, change in fouling potential etc. The aim of this paper is to study the performance and thus the impact on the process economics when operating nanofiltration at the boundaries of the temperature range at 55°C in contrast to operating it at ambient temperature of 25°C.
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- Moghaddas, Jafar Sadegh, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of the mixing characteristics in single- and two-phase grid-generated turbulent flow systems
- 2004
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering & Technology. - : Wiley. - 1521-4125 .- 0930-7516. ; 27:6, s. 662-670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mixing process is studied in grid-generated turbulent flow for single- and bubbly two-phase flow systems. Concentration and mixing characteristics in the liquid phase are measured with the aid of a PLIF/PLIF arrangement. A nearly isotropic turbulent flow field is generated at the center of the vertical pipe by using a honeycomb, three grids and a contraction. In two-phase flow experiments, air bubbles were injected into the flow from a rectangular grid, with mesh size M = 6 mm, which is placed midway between two circular grids each with a mesh size of M = 2 mm. For single-phase flow, the normalized mean concentration cross-stream profiles have rather similar Gaussian shapes, and the cross-stream profiles of the normalized root-mean-square (RMS) values of concentration were found to be quite similar. Cross-stream profiles of the mean concentration, for bubbly two-phase flow, were also found to be quite similar, but they did not have the Gaussian shape of the profiles for single-phase flow. Almost self-similar behavior was also found for the RMS values of the concentration in two-phase systems. The turbulent diffusion coefficient in the liquid phase was also calculated. At the center of the plume, the flow was found to have a periodic coherent structure, probably of vortex shedding character. Observations showed that the period of oscillation is higher in the case of two-phase flow than in single-phase flow.
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- Moghaddas, Jafar Sadegh, et al.
(författare)
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A new method for measuring concentration of a fluorescent tracer in bubbly gas-liquid flows
- 2002
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Ingår i: Experiments in Fluids. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1114 .- 0723-4864. ; 32:6, s. 728-729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new experimental model, the two-tracer method (TTM), based on the planar laser-induced fluorescence technique (PLIF), is presented for the measurement of the local concentration of a fluorescent tracer in the liquid phase of a bubbly two-phase system. Light scattering and shading effects due to the bubbles were compensated for using the new model. The TTM results were found to give more accurate predictions of the local concentration than the normal PLIF method in a bubbly two-phase system.
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