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- Neilands, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of delmopinol and fluoride on acid adaptation and acid production in dental plaque biofilms
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0003-9969 .- 1879-1506. ; 59:3, s. 318-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of delmopinol and fluoride alone or in combination on acid adaptation and acid production in plaque biofilm bacteria in vitro. DESIGN: The effect of delmopinol and fluoride on acid adaptation was tested by exposing the biofilm bacteria, grown in a mini-flow cell system under static conditions, to pH 5.5 overnight in the presence of 0.16 mM delmopinol, 1 mF NaF or a combination of both. The following day, acid adaptation was evaluated by exposing the cells to an acid challenge for 2h at a pH known to kill non-adapted cells (pH 2.5). The cells were stained using LIVE/DEAD BacLight Viability stain and the number of viable (acid tolerant) cells was determined using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Control cells were treated in the same manner but without the exposure to delmopinol or fluoride. How delmopinol and fluoride affected acid production was assessed by measuring the pH-drop after glucose pulsing in the presence of delmopinol and/or different concentrations of fluoride. RESULTS: Fluoride alone or in combination with delmopinol affected the acid adaptation and significantly reduced the acid tolerance of the plaque biofilm. This effect was more pronounced when the two compounds were combined. Delmopinol alone did not affect acid adaptation. A combination of delmopinol and fluoride also reduced acid production at concentrations where neither of the compounds in isolation had an effect. CONCLUSION: Fluoride and delmopinol can work synergistically to affect acid adaptation and acid production in plaque biofilm bacteria.
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- Troedsson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Cloning of four chitinase genes and a lectin gene in Galega orientalis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Symbiosis. - 0334-5114. ; 42:1, s. 25-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The legume goat's rue (Galega orientalis) and its microsymbiont Rhizobium galegae have an unusually strict host-bacteria specificity. The reason for this is not known. We have identified and analysed six genes in G. orientalis assumed to be involved in the recognition processes between legumes and rhizobia. The genes were isolated from a library made from nodulating roots. The genes were identified by sequence analysis as class la, Ib and class IV chitinases, a lectin, and a presumptive defensin. The chitinase and lectin sequences were used to complete phylogenetic trees. In the phylogenetic tree, the G. orientalis lectin gene is placed in the same group as Pisum sativum Nlec, Blec and Robinia pseudoacacia LEC3. These genes have been suggested to be involved in different developmental processes. Defensins are involved in several defence functions, and recently there have been a few publications on defensins involved in nodulation. 2 The activity of chitinases in different tissues and in nodulated roots was investigated by western blots and activity gels. G. orientalis has at least four different active chitinases. The sequences described in the article have the following GenBank accession codes: AY253984, AY253985, AY253986, AY253987, AY253988, AY333428.
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| 4. |
- Troedsson, Ulrika
(författare)
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Signalling between plants and microorganisms
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Plants and microbes can interact in several ways. Plants can be attacked by different types of pathogens like fungi, virus and bacteria, but can also form symbioses with fungi and bacteria. Certain common antimicrobial proteins are produced by the plants regardless of the type of microbial interaction with the plant. In this work, different factors involved in plant-microbe interactions have been analysed and studied. We have used a legume plant called Galega orientalis, which can have symbiosis with bacteria (rhizobia) as well as fungi (mycorrhiza). From roots of this plant, genes were isolated which could have a function in symbiosis or defence. Four chitinases, a legume lectin gene, a LysM domain receptor-like kinase and an extra-large G protein alpha subunit have been isolated and and characterised. In another study, we transformed barley with a class II chitinase in antisense. When antisensed plants were inoculated with a mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intraradices), an increased number of mycorrhizal vesicles and increased content concentration of fatty acids produced by the mycorrhizal fungus was observed. We suggest the downregulation of this chitinase to be responsible for these effects. From barley infected with Blumeria graminis, three beta-1,3-glucanases were isolated. the nucleotide sequence was determined for two of them. One of the glucanases has more homology to an acidic glucanase from wheat than to any of the earlier described glucanases in barley.
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