| 1. |
- Usman, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative study of proton and helium elastic scatterings from nitrogen in GaN
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1369-8001 .- 1873-4081. ; 121
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrogen determination is important in a variety of applications to characterize nitride-based compounds, or to study materials where nitrogen is unwanted. Analyzing such constituents in some materials with sufficient accuracy is always a challenge, although non-Rutherford (elastic) scattering is an applicable way to do such analysis. With this ion beam analysis technique various competing resonances are available for accurate determination of nitrogen. These involve protons and alpha particles based elastic scatterings. Here, GaN grown on sapphire is used as a base material with known concertation of nitrogen (50%) that can be used to understand the dynamics of such elastic scattering experiments. Elastic backscattering from 14N(p,p)14N and 14N(α,α)14N resonances are compared and it is observed that proton based resonances are more reliable than the alpha particle resonances to find and locate nitrogen in certain matrix, mainly due to the higher availability of discrete and well separated resonances of protons compared to the alpha particles in the energy range of a few MeV.
|
|
| 2. |
- Okely, Anthony D., et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-sectional examination of 24-hour movement behaviours among 3-and 4-year-old children in urban and rural settings in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries : the SUNRISE study protocol
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 11:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction 24-hour movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) during the early years are associated with health and developmental outcomes, prompting the WHO to develop Global guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. Prevalence data on 24-hour movement behaviours is lacking, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper describes the development of the SUNRISE International Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years protocol, designed to address this gap. Methods and analysis SUNRISE is the first international cross-sectional study that aims to determine the proportion of 3- and 4-year-old children who meet the WHO Global guidelines. The study will assess if proportions differ by gender, urban/rural location and/or socioeconomic status. Executive function, motor skills and adiposity will be assessed and potential correlates of 24-hour movement behaviours examined. Pilot research from 24 countries (14 LMICs) informed the study design and protocol. Data are collected locally by research staff from partnering institutions who are trained throughout the research process. Piloting of all measures to determine protocol acceptability and feasibility was interrupted by COVID-19 but is nearing completion. At the time of publication 41 countries are participating in the SUNRISE study. Ethics and dissemination The SUNRISE protocol has received ethics approved from the University of Wollongong, Australia, and in each country by the applicable ethics committees. Approval is also sought from any relevant government departments or organisations. The results will inform global efforts to prevent childhood obesity and ensure young children reach their health and developmental potential. Findings on the correlates of movement behaviours can guide future interventions to improve the movement behaviours in culturally specific ways. Study findings will be disseminated via publications, conference presentations and may contribute to the development of local guidelines and public health interventions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Okely, Anthony D., et al.
(författare)
-
Global effect of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep among 3-to 5-year-old children : a longitudinal study of 14 countries
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BMC. - 1471-2458. ; 21:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe restrictions associated with the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes to young childrens daily routines and habits. The impact on their participation in movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary screen time and sleep) is unknown. This international longitudinal study compared young childrens movement behaviours before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsParents of children aged 3-5years, from 14 countries (8 low- and middle-income countries, LMICs) completed surveys to assess changes in movement behaviours and how these changes were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys were completed in the 12months up to March 2020 and again between May and June 2020 (at the height of restrictions). Physical activity (PA), sedentary screen time (SST) and sleep were assessed via parent survey. At Time 2, COVID-19 factors including level of restriction, environmental conditions, and parental stress were measured. Compliance with the World Health Organizations (WHO) Global guidelines for PA (180min/day [>= 60min moderate- vigorous PA]), SST (<= 1h/day) and sleep (10-13h/day) for children under 5years of age, was determined.ResultsNine hundred- forty-eight parents completed the survey at both time points. Children from LMICs were more likely to meet the PA (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AdjOR]=2.0, 95%Confidence Interval [CI] 1.0,3.8) and SST (AdjOR=2.2, 95%CI 1.2,3.9) guidelines than their high-income country (HIC) counterparts. Children who could go outside during COVID-19 were more likely to meet all WHO Global guidelines (AdjOR=3.3, 95%CI 1.1,9.8) than those who were not. Children of parents with higher compared to lower stress were less likely to meet all three guidelines (AdjOR=0.5, 95%CI 0.3,0.9).ConclusionPA and SST levels of children from LMICs have been less impacted by COVID-19 than in HICs. Ensuring children can access an outdoor space, and supporting parents mental health are important prerequisites for enabling pre-schoolers to practice healthy movement behaviours and meet the Global guidelines.
|
|
| 4. |
- Rusu, Lazar, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategic IT Alignment in Swedish Public Healthcare System
- 2008
-
Ingår i: 1st World Summit on the Knowledge Society - WSKS 2008. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783540877806 ; , s. 105-113
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and communication technology (ICT) is not only beneficial for the business sector but has a lot to offer for the public sector as well. In fact, the public sector can benefit the most by the advancement of ICT that it offers numerous potential benefits in terms of improvements for patients, health and elderly care professionals and decision makers. In this context this research paper has studied the healthcare sector in Stockholm and has analyzed if their IT strategy is aligned with the government strategy. During this analysis we have found a lot of models developed for the alignment of business and IT strategy but we haven't found any model for the alignment of IT with the government strategy. Therefore in the analysis we have done in this paper we have proposed an integrated model and used the Swedish healthcare system as a case study in order to see if their IT strategy is aligned with their government’s strategy.
|
|
