| 1. |
- Häggmark, Ilian, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of quantitative multi-material phase-retrieval algorithms in propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray tomography
- 2017
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - : The Optical Society. - 1094-4087. ; 25:26, s. 33543-33558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging provides high-resolution, dose-efficient images of biological materials. A crucial challenge is quantitative reconstruction, referred to as phase retrieval, of multi-material samples from single-distance, and hence incomplete, data. In this work, the two most promising methods for multi-material samples, the parallel method, and the linear method, are analytically, numerically, and experimentally compared. Both methods are designed for computed tomography, as they rely on segmentation in the tomographic reconstruction. The methods are found to result in comparable image quality, but the linear method provides faster reconstruction. In addition, as already done for the parallel method, we show that the linear method provides quantitative reconstruction for monochromatic radiation.
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| 2. |
- Romell, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual histology of dried and mummified biological samples by laboratory phase-contrast tomography
- 2019
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Ingår i: X-Ray Nanoimaging. - : SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ancient remains from humans, animals and plants hold valuable information about our history. X-ray imaging methods are often, because of their non-destructive nature, used in the analysis of such samples. The classical x-ray imaging methods, radiography and computed tomography (CT), are based on absorption, which works well for radiodense structures like bone, but gives limited contrast for textiles and soft tissues, which exhibit high x-ray transmission. Destructive methods, such as classical histology, have historically been used for analysing ancient soft tissue but the extent to which it is used today is limited because of the fragility and value of many ancient samples. For detailed, non-destructive analysis of ancient biological samples, we instead propose x-ray phase-contrast CT, which like conventional CT gives volume data but with the possibility of better resolution through the detection of phase shift. Using laboratory x-ray sources, we here demonstrate the capabilities of phase-contrast tomography of dried biological samples. Virtual histological analysis of a mummified human hand from ancient Egypt is performed, revealing remains of adipose cells in situ, which would not be possible with classical histology. For higher resolution, a lab-based nano-CT arrangement based on a nanofocus transmission x-ray source is presented. With an x-ray emission spot of 300 nm the system shows potential for sub-micronresolution 3D imaging. For characterisation of the performance of phase-contrast imaging of dried samples a piece of wood is imaged. Finally, we present the first phase-contrast CT data from our nano-CT system, acquired of the dried head of a bee.
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| 3. |
- Twengström, William, et al.
(författare)
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Can laboratory x-ray virtual histology provide intraoperative 3D tumor resection margin assessment?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Imaging. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 2329-4302 .- 2329-4310. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Surgery is an essential part of the curative plan for most patients affected with solid tumors. The outcome of such surgery, e.g., recurrence rates and ultimately patient survival, depends on several factors where the resection margin is of key importance. Presently, the resection margin is assessed by classical histology, which is time-consuming (several days), destructive, and basically only gives two-dimensional information. Clearly, it would be advantageous if immediate feedback on tumor extension in all three dimensions were available to the surgeon intraoperatively.Approach:We investigate a laboratory propagation-based phase-contrast x-ray computed tomography system that provides the resolution, the contrast, and, potentially, the speed for this purpose. The system relies on a liquid-metal jet microfocus source and a scintillator-coated CMOS detector. Our study is performed on paraffin-embedded non-stained samples of human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, liver intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm (benign).Results:We observe tumors with distinct and sharp edges having cellular resolution (similar to 10 mu m) as well as many assisting histological landmarks, allowing for resection margin assessment. All x-ray data are compared with classical histology. The agreement is excellent.Conclusion:We conclude that the method has potential for intraoperative three-dimensional virtual histology.
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| 4. |
- Twengström, William, et al.
(författare)
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Can laboratory x-ray virtual histology provide intraoperative 3D tumor resection margin assessment?
- 2021
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Ingår i: DEVELOPMENTS IN X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY XIII. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgery is an essential part of the curative plan for most patients affected with solid tumors. The outcome of such surgery, e.g., recurrence rates and ultimately patient survival, depends on several factors where the resection margin is of key importance. Presently the resection margin is assessed by classical histology, which is time-consuming (several days), destructive, and basically only gives two-dimensional information. Clearly it would be advantageous if immediate feedback on tumor extension in all three dimensions were available to the surgeon intra-operatively. In the present paper we investigate a laboratory propagation-based phase-contrast x-ray computed tomography (CT) system that provides the resolution, contrast, and, potentially, the speed for this purpose. The system relies on a liquid-metal jet micro-focus source and a scintillator-coated CMOS detector. The study is performed on paraffin-embedded non-stained samples of human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, liver intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm (benign). We observe tumors with distinct and sharp edges having cellular resolution (similar to 10 mu m) as well as many assisting histological landmarks, allowing for resection margin assessment. All x-ray data is compared with classical histology. The agreement is excellent, and we conclude that the method has potential for intra-operative three-dimensional virtual histology.
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| 5. |
- Twengström, William, et al.
(författare)
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Cellular-resolution 3D virtual histology of human coronary arteries using x-ray phase tomography
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spatial-resolution histology of coronary artery autopsy samples play an important role for understanding heart disease such as myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, classical histology is often destructive, has thick slicing, requires extensive sample preparation, and is time-consuming. X-ray micro-CT provides fast nondestructive 3D imaging but absorption contrast is often insufficient, especially for observing soft-tissue features with high resolution. Here we show that propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast tomography has the resolution and contrast to image clinically relevant soft-tissue features in intact coronary artery autopsy samples with cellular resolution. We observe microscopic lipid-rich plaques, individual adipose cells, ensembles of few foam cells, and the thin fibrous cap. The method relies on a small-spot laboratory x-ray microfocus source, and provides high-spatial resolution in all three dimensions, fast data acquisition, minimum sample distortion and requires no sample preparation.
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| 6. |
- Twengström, William
(författare)
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High-resolution biomedical phase-contrast tomography
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Improved three-dimensional biomedical imaging can give a better understanding of tissue structure, growth and diseases. Most present imaging techniques that provide cellular spatial resolution are based on visible or infrared light. These methods cannot image deeper than a millimeter into tissue. Consequently, larger samples cannot be completely imaged without sectioning. Techniques that are typically used to image larger samples don't provide sufficient contrast and resolution to image cellular-sized features in soft tissues. There is a need for new imaging methods that can fill the gap between present methods. For practical reasons, compact equipment is preferred, to enable close connection to other research and applications. Furthermore, minimized sample preparation both reduces the work needed and the time until results are ready.In this Thesis, propagation-based phase-contrast tomography with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources has been investigated for high-resolution three-dimensional biomedical imaging. By using phase contrast, the contrast for cellular-sized features in soft tissue is vastly increased compared to absorption, also in larger samples. The high resolution relies on using an x-ray source with small emission spot, but also with high power to keep exposure times reasonable.This Thesis is about developing and optimizing experimental methods and image reconstruction algorithms. A new method to remove ring artifacts was developed and tested, and a comparison of multi-material phase-retrieval algorithms was made. The improvements provide better contrast and resolution, as well as reduce noise and artifacts. The improved image quality is demonstrated in a few biomedical applications. It is shown that the method can image 5 µm large myofibrils in whole-body zebrafish, despite the small size and low contrast of myofibrils. A high-resolution tomography of a mouse can be done fast by using a specialized high-power source. The image quality in tomographies of both human coronary arteries and a mummified human hand is sufficient to analyze the tissues and cellular-sized features, which is something that could be called virtual histology.
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| 7. |
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